Igama elithi "ukuphuma kwegastric" kuvame ukuqondwa ngokuthi ukuhlukaniswa kwegazi ezikhungweni ezisezintanjeni zomzimba ngenxa yomonakalo wabo. Lo mkhuba ubhekisela ezinkingeni zezifo zalesi sakhiwo somzimba. Ake sikubheke ngokuningiliziwe, kuchaza izimbangela, ukubonakaliswa, izindlela zokwelapha kanye nokuhlinzekwa kokuhlinzekwa kwezempilo lokuqala.
Ukukhipha isisu - Amabangela
Umthamo wegazi elahlekile ngale ndlela yokuphulwa kungafinyelela ama-2-3 amalitha. Njengoba kunikezwe leli qiniso, isimo sidinga ukunakekelwa okuphuthumayo nokwelashwa. Ukuthola, ungakwazi ukubona lesi sifo ngezizathu eziningana. Njalo lapho ehlola isiguli esinama-ultrasound, odokotela bathola igazi esiswini, izimbangela zazo zilandelayo:
- Izifo kanye nezilonda zesigcawu sesisu. Igazi lingakhululwa emgodini wesisu ngesifo sesilonda, izicubu, ama-hernias, ama-hemorrhoids, ngisho nasebusweni be-helminths.
- Ukuba khona kwe-portal hypertension. Lesi simo sibonakala nge-cirrhosis, isifo sofuba.
- Ukulimala kwemithwalo yegazi. Ebhekwa ngemivamisa ye-varicose ye-esophagus.
- Izifo zegazi - i-hemophilia, i-anemia aplastic, i-leukemia, i-thrombocytopenia.
Ukuphuma kwegastric - izimpawu
Ngenxa yokuthi isimo sidinga ukwelashwa ngokushesha, wonke umuntu kufanele azi izimpawu zokuthuthukiswa kwephulwa elinjalo. Ukulahleka kwegazi okuningi kunomphumela obulalayo. Njengoba kunikezwe leli qiniso, kubalulekile ukuthi ukwazi ukuveza ngokushesha ukuphuma kwegastric, izimpawu zazo zilandelayo:
- ukubukeka komzwelo obuthakathaka;
- isiyezi;
- isikhumba esibomvu kanye nezinsipho;
- ukujula okubandayo;
- ukuhlanza;
- ukushintsha kwesitolishi;
- ukushayela ngokushesha.
Isibonakaliso esicacile sokuphulwa okunjalo, njengokuphuma kwegastric, kuba khona kwegazi emanzini nokuhlanza. Emasimini okuhlanza, angabonakala kokubili ifomu elingashintshi (uma likhishwe emithonjeni ye-esophagus) futhi liguquliwe, - isisu sesilonda. Njengoba isifo esinjalo, odokotela basebenzisa igama elithi "ikhofi izizathu zokuhlanza". Lo mthunzi we-mass utholakala ngenxa yokuchayeka kwegazi lika-hydrochloric acid, elikhona emanzini asiswini somzimba, umbala obomvu obomvu ubonisa ukuphuma kwamanzi.
Uma umthamo wegazi elahlekile ungadluli ku-100 ml, khona-ke uzoba esitokisini esitokisini. Kwenzeka lapho izingxenye eziphansi zegciwane lokugaya, isilonda esiswini, zithintekile. Ukushintsha kombala kubonisa ukuthi ukuphuma kwegazi kwaqashelwa amahora angu-4-10 edlule. Isihlalo sithola uhlobo lwe-tar, kuba mnyama. Ngezimpawu ezincane zokulahleka kwegazi, izinguquko zombala kuma-fecal masses angeke ziphawulwe. Njengoba kunikezwe la maqiniso, kulula ukwenza izinhloso mayelana nomthombo wokulahleka kwegazi.
Ukunakekelwa okuphuthumayo ukuphuma kwegastric
Ngokusola okuncane kakhulu ukwephulwa okunjalo kubalulekile ukushayela i-ambulensi. Isiguli kufanele singabi nakancane, sikhululwe esikhungweni sezokwelapha ezisekelweni. Ukubhekana nokuhlukumeza ngeke kuphumelele, kodwa kuyakwazi ukumisa ukuphuma kwegastric, usizo oluphuthumayo, i-algorithm yayo kanje:
- Beka ngemuva kwakho, ngezinyawo eziphakanyisiwe, ukuqinisekisa ukuthula.
- Unganiki ukuphuza nokudla.
- Faka isicelo sokushisa, iqhwa elomile esiswini. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, kubalulekile ukuyigcina imizuzu engu-15-30 yokwenza amakhefu okwesikhashana amaminithi angu-2-3.
- Lapho ukhona imithi, ungathatha amaphilisi amabili e-Dicinone, ngaphambi kokuba ibe yiphunga.
- Uma ulahlekelwa ukwazi, landela ukushayela, ukuphefumula.
Yini okufanele uyenze ngokukhipha esiswini?
Ukwesaba ukuvakashela emtholampilo, iziguli ezinezifo ezingenasifo zamathumbu zicabange ukuthi ungamisa kanjani ukuphuma kwegastric ekhaya. Kubalulekile ukusho ukuthi kuyinkinga futhi kunzima ukuyenza. Njengoba unikezwe leli qiniso, uma usola ukuthi uphepha igazi, udinga:
- shayela i-ambulensi;
- ukunikeza ukuphumula kombhede;
- ukhiphe ukungenisa ukudla, amanzi, imithi;
- ukwandisa ukugeleza kwe-oxygen;
- ubeke umkhuhlane esiswini sakho.
Ukuphuma kwegastric - ukwelashwa
Lapho uthola ukuthi, ngemuva kokuthola igazi esiswini, odokotela bathatha isinyathelo sokuqeda umthombo. Usizo lokuqala lokuphuma kwegastric kufanele lunikezwe kwisayithi, ngisho nangaphambi kokuhlala esibhedlela. Kulesi simo, ukwelashwa kwenziwa ngokuqhubekayo nokuhlinzwa. Iyokuqala inezinkomba ezintathu:
- i-hemostasis;
- ukukhipha umthombo wokulahleka kwegazi;
- Ukwelapha ukumnika ukubuyisela ivolumu evamile yokujikeleza igazi.
Ukumisa lokhu kuphulwa, izidakamizwa zisetshenziswa, phakathi kwazo:
- I-Etamsylate;
- Aminocaproic acid;
- I-Thrombin;
- I-Vikasol .
Ukuthuthukisa i-microcirculation, ukugcwalisa ukusetshenziswa kwegazi lokusetshenziswa kwegazi:
- Ukuvuselelwa ngokuphindaphindiwe;
- I-Hemodez;
- I-albhamu.
Ungene kubo, uhlanganise i-chlorine ye-sodium ne-glucose. Ukuphuma kwe-gastric okunamandla kudinga ukwethulwa kwezixazululo ze-plasma, ukumpontshelwa kwegazi lomnikelo weqembu elifanayo ne-Rh factor. Ivolumu ibalwa ngokusekelwe kwesisindo somzimba wesiguli, - 40 ml ngekgrimu yesisindo somzimba.
Izilonda eziphazamisayo zidala ukugaya kwesisu futhi zidinga ukunakekelwa okuhlinzekwayo. Ukuhlinzwa okuphuthumayo kuhlanganisa ukugoqa izingxenye ezifakwe emasongweni asezindlini. Ukuqalwa kokuqala kokuhlinzwa kudala ukubikezela okuhle nokuvuselelwa okusheshayo ngokushesha. Kulokhu, iziguli zihlolwa ngezikhathi ezithile, izivivinyo ze-hardware ukuze zifake ukubuyela emuva.
Ukudla okunomzimba ngokuphuma kwegastric
Ukuze udle, iziguli zibuyela emva kwezinsuku ezimbili kusukela ngesikhathi sokuyeka ukunikezwa kwegazi futhi kuphela imvume kadokotela. Konke ukudla kufanele kube yi-liquid noma semi-liquid. Qala ngeziphuzo ezifihliwe, okusanhlamvu, i-yogurt. Imikhiqizo yobisi oludliwayo yokukhipha esiswini kubaluleke kakhulu. Ngakho okokuqala lapho kuvunyelwe ukuqonda ukudla, isiguli sinikezwa izibuko ezimbili zokhilimu ngobisi. Lo mkhiqizo ukhuthaza ukwakheka kwe-fibrin clot.
Yidla ngokuphuma kwegastric
Ukudla emva kokuphuma kwegastric kufanele kube nenani elikhulu lamafutha esilwane, okungafaki ukuthuthukiswa kwezinkinga. Ngenhloso efanayo, ukwandisa okuqukethwe kokudla okunamavithamini C no-P (izithelo zemifino nezithelo, i-decoction kusuka emaqetheni asozini), i-vitamin K, ukhilimu omuncu, ibhotela. Le mikhiqizo isiza ngezicubu zesisu sokugcoba esiswini, ijubane inqubo yokuvuselelwa. Isiguli kufanele sithobele ngokugcwele izincomo kanye nemiyalelo yodokotela oya khona.
Ukudla emva kokuphuma kwegastric
Ukudla emva kokuphuma kwegastric kufanele kube nokulinganisela. Odokotela basho ngokuqedwa okuphelele kokudla okubabayo, okuyinto okunzima ukugaya, kwandisa amathumbu emathunjini, kukhulisa umthwalo emathangeni emathunjini. Okuthandayo kufanele kunikwe inyama ye-soufflé, inyama enamafutha aphansi, imikhiqizo yobisi omuncu. Isiguli ngasinye sithola izincomo kanye nama-aphoyintimenti ngamunye emva kokukhishwa. Ukugcina kwabo kuyisihluthulelo sokuthola umzimba ngokushesha.