Imodeli ejwayelekile noma engaqondakali yokuqeqeshwa isetshenziswe ezikhungweni zemfundo isikhathi eside. Isibonelo esikhulu kunazo zonke salesi sindlela inkulumo. Futhi nakuba le ndlela yokufundisa iye yaba futhi ihlala enye yezokuqeqeshwa okuvamile, ukusebenzisana kancane kancane kuyafaneleka nakakhulu.
Kuyini ukufunda okusebenzisanayo?
Izindlela zokufundisa ezikoleni zasenkulisa, ezikoleni, amanyuvesi zihlukaniswe ngamaqembu amakhulu amabili - azibandakanyi futhi asebenzayo. Imodeli engabonakali ihilela ukudluliswa kolwazi oluvela kumfundisi kumfundi ngokusebenzisa inkulumo nokufunda izinto ezikulo ncwadi. Ukuhlolwa kolwazi kwenziwa ngokubuza, ukuhlola, ukulawula nokunye okusebenzayo. Izinselele eziyinhloko zendlela yokuzibandakanya yilezi:
- impendulo ebuthakathaka evela kubafundi;
- izinga eliphansi lokuzikhethela - abafundi abaqondwa hhayi ngabanye, kodwa ngeqembu;
- ukungabi nemisebenzi yokudala edinga ukuhlolwa okuyinkimbinkimbi.
Izindlela ezisebenzayo zokufundisa zivuselela umsebenzi wokuzicabangela kanye namakhono okudala abafundi. Umfundi kulokhu ubambe iqhaza ekwenzeni inqubo yokufunda, kodwa ukhuluma kakhulu uthisha kuphela. Izindlela ezisebenzayo zibaluleke kakhulu ekuthuthukiseni ukuzimela, ukuzifunda, kodwa azifundisi ukusebenza eqenjini.
Ukuqeqeshwa okusebenzisana kungenye yezinhlobo zokufundisa okusebenzayo. Ukuxhumana nokufunda okuhlanganyelwe akukwenziwa kuphela phakathi kothisha nomfundi, kulokhu bonke abaqeqeshwayo baxhumana nabo basebenza ndawonye (noma ngamaqembu). Izindlela zokuxhumana ezihlangene zihlale zihlangana, ukubambisana, ukusesha, ukukhulumisana, umdlalo phakathi kwabantu noma abantu kanye nemvelo yolwazi. Ukusebenzisa izindlela ezisebenzayo zokuxhumana ekufundiseni, uthisha ukwandisa inani lempahla efundwa abafundi kuba amaphesenti angama-90.
Amathuluzi wokufunda asebenzisanayo
Ukusetshenziswa kwezindlela zokufundisa ezihlangene kwaqala ngezidingo ezivamile ezibonakalayo, amaphosta, amamephu, amamodeli, njll. Namuhla, ubuchwepheshe bwanamuhla bokufunda ngokuhlanganyela buhlanganisa imishini yakamuva:
- amabhodi amhlophe asebenzisanayo ;
- amaphilisi;
- amakhompiyutha e-computer;
- amamodeli wangempela;
- amaphaneli e-plasma;
- amaprosesa ;
- ama-laptops, njll.
Ukusebenzisana ekufundiseni kusiza ukuxazulula imisebenzi elandelayo:
- ushiye isethulo sesethulo sezinto ezibonakalayo ekusebenzisaneni okuhlangene nokufakwa kwe-motility;
- isikhathi sokulondoloza ngokungadingeki imidwebo, amafomula nemidwebo ebhodini;
- Ukwandisa ukusebenza kahle kokufakwa kwezinto ezifundwayo, ngoba Amathuluzi okufunda ahlangene ahlanganisa izinhlelo ezahlukene zokufunda zomfundi;
- lula ukuhlela umsebenzi weqembu noma imidlalo, ukuzibandakanya okugcwele kwezilaleli;
- ukusungula ukuxhumana okujulile phakathi kwabafundi nothisha, ngcono isimo sezulu ngaphakathi kwethimba.
Izindlela zokufunda eziphakathi
Izindlela ezisebenzayo zokufundisa - imidlalo, izingxoxo, iziteji, ukuqeqesha, ukuqeqeshwa, njll. - kudinga uthisha ukusebenzisa amasu akhethekile. Kuneziningi zamasu, futhi izindlela ezahlukene zivame ukusetshenziswa emazingeni ahlukene weseshini:
- ukufakwa ohlelweni abasebenzisa "ukucabangisisa", ukuxoxa nokudlala lesi simo;
- phakathi nengxenye eyinhloko yezigaba zokusebenzisa isifundo, ukufunda okusebenzayo, izingxoxo, izinkulumo ezithuthukile, imidlalo yebhizinisi;
- ukuze uthole impendulo yezimpendulo ezinjengokuthi "isipho esingaqediwe", isichazamazwi, inganekwane, ukubunjwa kwamaminithi kuyadingeka.
Izimo zengqondo nezokufundisa zokufunda ngokuhlanganyela
Umsebenzi weziko lemfundo lokufunda ngokuphumelelayo ukuhlinzeka izimo zomuntu ngamunye ukuze afinyelele impumelelo enkulu. Izimo zengqondo nezokufundisa zokuqaliswa kokufunda okuhlangene zihlanganisa:
- ukulungela abaqeqeshwayo lolu hlobo lokuqeqesha, ukutholakala kolwazi oludingekayo namakhono;
- isimo sezulu esihle esifundeni, isifiso sokusiza omunye nomunye;
- ukukhuthazwa kwesinyathelo;
- indlela yomuntu ngamunye umfundi ngamunye;
- ukutholakala kwazo zonke izindawo zokuqeqesha ezidingekayo.
Ukuhlukaniswa kwezindlela zokufundisa ezisebenzayo
Ubuchwepheshe bokufundisa obuhlangene buhlukaniswe waba ngabanye kanye neqembu. Abantu bahlanganisa ukuqeqeshwa nokwenza imisebenzi ewusizo. Izindlela zokusebenzisana zamaqembu zihlukaniswe ngama-subgroups amathathu:
- izingxoxo ezixoshwayo, izingxabano, ukucubungula, ucwaningo lwezifundo, ukuhlaziywa kwesimo, ukuthuthukiswa komsebenzi;
- umdlalo - ibhizinisi, indima-indaba, i-didactic neminye imidlalo, izingxoxo, izimo zokudlala, isiteji;
- izindlela zokuqeqesha - imidlalo yengqondo, zonke izinhlobo zokuqeqesha.
Amafomu okusebenzisana nezindlela zokufundisa
Ukukhetha amafomu okusebenzisana okuqeqesha okuqhuba amakilasi, uthisha kufanele acabangele ukuhambisana nalendlela:
- isihloko, imigomo nezinhloso zokuqeqesha;
- iziqephu zeqembu, ubudala nobuchwepheshe bezethameli;
- Isikhathi sesikhathi sesifundo;
- ulwazi lomfundisi;
- ukuqonda kwenqubo yokufunda.
Imfundo ehlangene enkulisa
Ubuchwepheshe bokusebenzisana nezindlela zokufundisa ezikoleni zasenkulisa zisetshenziswa kakhulu ekugembula. Umdlalo wezingane zasenkulisa ngumsebenzi oyinhloko futhi ngawo ingane ingafundiswa konke okudingekayo ngesikhathi sakhe. Okufanele kakhulu enkulisa kuyinhlangano yokudlala indaba, ngesikhathi izingane zihlanganyela ngokuzikhandla futhi zifunde ngempumelelo, ngoba Okuhlangenwe nakho okuhlangenwe nakho kuyakhunjulwa ngokucacile.
Izindlela ezisebenzayo zokufundisa esikoleni
Esikoleni, ukuqeqesha okusebenzisanayo kuvumela ukusetshenziswa cishe kobubanzi bezinkambiso. Izindlela zokuxhumana ezifundisayo esikoleni esiphansi yizi:
- indima-indaba kanye nemidlalo yokulingisa;
- isiteji;
- umdlalo enhlanganweni, njll.
Isibonelo, kubafundi bamakilasi aphambili umdlalo ufanelekile, okusho ukufundisa okuthile kumakhelwane edeskini. Ukufundisa umfundi ofunda naye, ingane ifunda ukusebenzisa izinsiza ezibukwayo futhi ichaze, futhi ifunda ulwazi olujulile.
Phakathi nezikole eziphakeme, izindlela zokuxhumana zokuxhumana ezibandakanya ubuchwepheshe obuhloswe ekuthuthukiseni ukucabanga nokuqonda (umsebenzi wephrojekthi, ukucabangisisa , ukuphikisana), ukuxhumana nomphakathi (isiteji, ukudlala izimo). Isibonelo, nabafundi besikole esiphakeme, usuvele usadlala emdlalweni odlala indima "i-Aquarium", okuyisisekelo sokuthi leyo ngxenye yeqembu idlala isimo esinzima, kanti abanye bahlaziya ngaphandle. Umgomo womdlalo ukuhlolisisa lesi simo kuzo zonke izindawo zokubuka, ukuthuthukisa ukulungiswa kwezixazululo zesisombululo saso bese ukhetha okungcono kakhulu.