Ngaphansi kokusebenza okunjengokuthungatha kwemithwalo yezinhliziyo, ku-cardiology kuyamukelwa ukuqonda izidakamizwa ze-artery heart. Isidingo salokhu kungenelela kokuhlinzeka kuvela ngezizathu ezihlukahlukene. Ake sihlole le nqubo ngokuningiliziwe, ukuxhaphaza ngokwayo, sizoyibiza igama lobufakazi, sibhala ukwephulwa lapho ukusebenza kungenzi khona.
Izinkomba zokuthunga izitsha zenhliziyo
I-stent ngokwayo uhlobo lwama-skeleton ezenziwe ngensimbi. Faka ngaphakathi ezitokisini okungafani kwazo okungahambisani nesimiso esidingekayo. Isizathu sokugxila kwabo yizigcawu (ukuqoqwa kwamangqamuzana omzimba we-adipose ohlangene nodonga lwangaphakathi lomthambo). Njengoba banda, ukujikeleza kwegazi emithanjeni yezinhliziyo kuyabonakala. Ngenxa yalokho, ukugxilwa kwe-oksijeni nezakhi ezinikezela isitho kunciphisa, okuholela e-angina pectoris. Izinkomba ezisheshayo zokuqashwa kokungenelela kokusebenza yizi:
- Ukufa kwemisipha yenhliziyo - i-infarction ye-myocardial, i-stenting yezitsha zenhliziyo ezinciphisa imiphumela yalesi sifo, ukubuyisela ukunikezwa kwegazi engxenyeni eyonakele yelungu.
- Angina engazinzile . Ngenxa yokuphulwa okunjalo kokusebenza, lezo zimo uma kune-hemodynamic (ukwephulwa kwegazi) nokungazinzi kagesi (ukwephulwa kwezivumelwano ze-muscle fibers) kungaphansi kokuhlinzwa.
- Ischemic isifo senhliziyo . Ngalesi sifo, ukusebenza kwezinsimbi zenhliziyo kulungisa futhi kuvuselela ukugeleza kwegazi okulungile.
Ukuthungatha kwemithi yezinhliziyo - ukuphikisana
Ukuphikisana okungaqondile ukuze kuqhubeke inhliziyo enamandla, ayikho. Kodwa ngaphambi kokwenza isinqumo mayelana nokuhlinzwa, udokotela uqhuba ukuhlolwa okuphelele, unquma ukuthi kukhona izinqubo ezingapheli emzimbeni. Kulokhu, ukungenelela kokuhlinzwa akuzami ukufeza:
- ukwehluleka okunamandla nokuhlala njalo;
- ukuphuma kwamathumbu;
- isimo se-febrile;
- ukutheleleka okungapheli;
- umfutho wegazi ophezulu ongalawuleki;
- ukusabela kwe-anaphylactic ekuphathweni kwe-medium medium;
- ukwephulwa kwezinqubo ze-clotting yegazi.
Ukuphikisana kwenhliziyo kuyenzeka kanjani?
Ngokwalo, ukuhlinzwa "ukuphoqa" kubhekisela ekunciphiseni kancane. Odokotela abahlinzayo abawenzi izinto eziningi. Ukufinyelela kungenye yezinkinga ezinkulu. Ngokuvamile, odokotela basebenzisa umthambo wesifazane endaweni yokulima ngenxa yalokhu. Endaweni okuhloswe kuyo, kwenziwa i-puncture, lapho kufakwe khona ithubhu ekhethekile, okuyihlobo lomdanso wokufaka ezinye izinsimbi. Bayibiza ngokuthi isethulo. Iholela ekhalayini elide elide, elilethwe ngokuqondile endaweni ewonakele.
Sekuvele ku-catheter endaweni edingekayo, i-stent ingeniswa, ejikeleza ibhaluni eliqinile efomini elihlungwe. Ngemuva kokuthi udokotela eqiniseke ukuthi amandla angaphansi kwesigaba sokunene, ukuhlanzwa kufakwe kuwo, okubonakala ngokucacile kumadivayisi we-X ray. Ngenxa yalokho, i-stent ihanjiswa ngqo esifundeni se-containerction. Ngaphansi kwengcindezi, iphoqelelwe ezindongeni zomthambo, lapho ehlala khona impilo. Kukhona ushintsho ku-lumen, evuselela ngokuphelele i-hemodynamics, kancane kancane ukunciphisa umthwalo emzimbeni wenhliziyo. Ukuthungatha izinsimbi zenhliziyo kwenziwa. Iziguli zizwa impilo engcono, imvamisa yokuhlasela.
Ubuhlungu ngemva kokugubha
Ngemuva kokuphefumula kwamakhemikhali enhliziyo, isiguli sihlala esibhedlela isikhathi esithile. Izinsuku zokuqala ezingu-3-5 zingabhalwa indawo yezirazrazhennye, izinzwa ezingathandeki endaweni yokuphumula. Odokotela bavimbela ukuhamba kwesiguli, ukubeka ukuphumula kombhede, ukuvimbela ukuthuthukiswa kokuphuma kwamanzi kusukela emthini we-arctured. Cishe ngesonto emva kokuthungatha kwezimpahla zenhliziyo ngesikhathi se-infarction, bavunyelwe ukushiya emtholampilo.
Izinkinga emva kokuthungatha kwezimpahla zenhliziyo
Ngesiqinisekiso esiphakeme somhlinza ohlinzayo, esinesipiliyoni seminyaka eminingi, imiphumela emibi yokuhlinzwa iyancishiswa. Kodwa kwezinye izimo emva kokugaya kungenziwa:
- ukuvinjelwa komthambo ngaphansi kokungenelela okuhlinzayo;
- ukwephula ubuqotho bomkhumbi phakathi nenqubo;
- ukwakheka kwe-hematoma endaweni yokuphumula;
- ukuthuthukiswa kwegazi;
- ukuphendula okwenyukayo ukuze kuqhathaniswe.
Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi kunezimo ezicindezelayo nezinkinga, lapho khona amathuba okuba nezinkinga ezikhuphuka khona. Lezi yizi:
- isifo sezinso;
- isifo sikashukela mellitus;
- ukuphazamiseka kwesistimu yegazi coagulation.
Izidakamizwa emva kokuthungatha kwemithwalo yenhliziyo
Okokuqala, kufanele kushiwo ukuthi wonke ama-aphoyintimenti ayenziwa kuphela udokotela, okhombisa izidakamizwa, imvamisa, isilinganiso nesilinganiso sokusetshenziswa kwayo. Kulokhu, owesifazane kufanele azilandele ngokuqinile. Imithi emva kokunyuka kwezimpahla zenhliziyo kunqunywe kanje:
- Uma usebenzisa i-stent elula ensimbi okungenani inyanga eyodwa, thatha i-Aspirin Cardio ne-Plavix. Izidakamizwa zifaka isandla ekwenzeni ukonakala kwegazi, ngaphandle kokubunjwa kwe-thrombi. Isilinganiso sikhethwe odokotela. Ngokuvamile ukubeka 300 mg we-Aspirin ngosuku kanye no-75 mg we-Plavix.
- Uma kusetshenziswe i-stent yezidakamizwa, i-Ticagrelor ingabekwa esikhundleni se-Plavix, 90 mg kabili ngosuku.
Ukucindezela inhliziyo - bangaki abaphila ngemva kokusebenza?
Inkinga eyinhloko ezithakazelisayo iziguli ezithintekile ukuhlinzeka okunjalo zikhathaza ukuthi zihlala zingakanani emva kokucindezela. Odokotela bayaqaphela ukuthi inqubo ngokwayo iphumelela kuma-80% amacala. Kwezinye izimo, inqubo ephikisanayo iyaqaphela, lapho umkhumbi oqhutshwayo uphinde upheqa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ngokuthuthukiswa kwe-stents ezintsha, lesi senzakalo asivamile kakhulu. Ngokuvamile, iziguli ngokwazo ziphawula ukuthi ukuphila ngemva kokugudluza izitsha ze-coronary zenhliziyo kuba ngcono: ukukhathazeka, ukugubha amandla kuyaqedwa. Ngokuphathelene nobude bayo, odokotela bayaqaphela ukuthi ukuhlinzwa okunjalo kuhlanganisa isilinganiso seminyaka eyishumi.
Ukuphila emva kokuthungatha kwemishini yezinhliziyo
Iziguli eziningi ziphawula ukuthi ukuphila ngemva kokugaya kancane kuya ngcono kancane kancane. Ukwehlisa ukukhathala, - umzimba, isimiso senhliziyo, ukuphikisana kangcono nemithwalo, i-oksijini negazi inikezwa ngevolumu edingekayo ezithombeni nasezikhunjini. Kodwa kufanelekile ukucabangela ukuthi iziguli ezithintekayo ezitsheni zenhliziyo, ziphoqelelwe ukuba zigcine irejimi ethile, ukudla, ikakhulukazi okokuqala. Ukwelashwa okubuyisela emuva kudlala indima ebalulekile enkambisweni yokuvuselela, okuyingxenye ebalulekile.
Ukuvuselelwa ngemva kokugubha
Kungakapheli isonto emva kokuphefumula kwemithambo ye-coronary, isiguli sigxile ekusebenzeni ngokomzimba. Ngaphezu kwalokho, okugeza kuphikisana, - kuphela ukugeza kumele kuvunyelwe ukuthatha. Cishe izinyanga ezimbili odokotela batusa ukuba bangadlulisi imoto. Izikhathi ezisele zihlobene ngokuqondile nokugcinwa kokudla okunempilo, ukukhishwa ekudleni kwamafutha, ukudla okuthosiwe, ukudla okucebile nge-cholesterol.
Ukudla emva kokugcoba
I-coronary ephahlazekayo ehlehlisiwe, odokotela batusa kakhulu ukuba baqaphe ukudla kwansuku zonke. Oqalayo, amanani amafutha enyama, imikhiqizo ephelile, ama-sausage akhishwa ngokuphelele. Kulesi simo, odokotela baneluleka ukunciphisa ibhotela, imikhiqizo yobisi. Okuqukethwe kwe-carbohydrates ekudleni kufanele futhi kugcinwe okungenani. Okuvinjelwe yilokhu:
- i-confectionery;
- isinkwa esimhlophe;
- iziphuzo eziphambili ze-carbonated.
Isisekelo kufanele sibe izithelo ezintsha, imikhiqizo equkethe amafutha yemifino, izilwane zasolwandle. Futhi, odokotela baneluleka ukwandisa okuqukethwe kwemikhiqizo evimbela ukuqina kwegazi:
- i-sea kale;
- konke okusanhlamvu;
- isinkwa esimnyama esinamagatsha;
- amantongomane;
- inyama yenkukhu.
Ukucindezeleka ngokomzimba ngemva kokuthungatha kwemishini yezinhliziyo
Umthamo wemithwalo emva kokushisa kwemikhumbi ye-coronary yenziwa ibalwa ngayinye. Isiguli ngokugcwele sihambisana nezincomo ezitholiwe kanye nemiyalelo kadokotela. Kulesi simo, ukuqeqeshwa okulawulwayo nokungalawulwa kwenziwa (kwenziwa ekhaya). Ngesikhathi samakilasi esikhungweni sezokwelapha, odokotela baqhubeka beqaphela ukuvama kwemizimba yezinhliziyo nokucindezela komzimba. Ukuthukuthela kwezitsha zenhliziyo ezigulini kunikezwa okungenani izikhathi ezingu-4-5 zomsebenzi womzimba onamandla ngesonto.
Uma kungabikho izinkinga, izikhalazo zingabhalwa i-LFK, zihamba ngokusheshisa (6-8 km ngosuku). Uma kunezimo namathuba okuvakashela izakhiwo zezemidlalo, odokotela batuswa ukuba bavuselele ngokushesha:
- ukubhukuda;
- egibela ibhayisikili;
- ukugijima.
Ngokuqondene nenkathi yokuphoqelela ngemuva kokuthutha kwemithambo yenhliziyo, okugcina izinyanga ezingu-1-1.5, odokotela batusa ukuqeda ukuzama ngokweqile ngokomzimba. Ungavumeli ukuphakamisa izinto ezinzima, ezilinganisa u-kg kg noma ngaphezulu, ukuhlanganyela empini yokulwa. Kancane kancane ukwandisa ukuqina komzimba, iziguli zizokwazi ukubuyela emisebenzini yazo yangaphambilini, zizobe zibekezelela ukuvivinya umzimba okunzima.