Muva nje, isivuno endaweni engaphansi kwesifundazwe asijabuli? Ngakho-ke sekuyisikhathi sokufunda ukuthi umanyolo okuthiwa i-urea usetshenzisiwe hhayi engadini kuphela, kodwa futhi engadini. Ukusebenzisa ukusebenzisa kwakhe okusemandleni, ungathola imiphumela emihle kakhulu.
Ukwakhiwa kwe-urea njengomanyolo
Urea yigama elivame ukubizwa nge-carbamide yamakhemikhali. Kubizwa nangokuthi i-carbonic acid diamide, kodwa endaweni ekhethekile kakhulu. U-Ogorodniki uyazi nokuthi i-urea ibhekisela kumanyolo oqukethe i-nitrogen - 45% we-mass mass. Ihlanganiswa kusuka ezintweni ezingavamile futhi inezinhlobo eziningi zokusebenza. Amakhemikhali amhlophe noma avulekile alowo mzimba ahlakazeka emanzini futhi asetshenziselwa ukunisela nokupomfa noma afakwa enhlabathini esimweni sokuqala.
Umsebenzi we-urea?
Akuwona wonke umuntu owazi ukuthi hlobo luni lomanyolo urea. Libhekisela kumanyolo we-nitrojeni, okuthi, mhlawumbe, kuthathwa njengokuyisisekelo empilweni yezitshalo. Ukungena emhlabathini ngendlela yama-crystals, umanyolo uphenduka i-ammonium carbon dioxide noma i-ammonia ye-gaseous. Nguye onethonya elihle kuzo zonke izingxenye zemifino zesitshalo. Ngakho, urea ithandwa ngoba:
- ishesha ukuhlukaniswa kwamaseli ezitshalo, ukukhula okuthuthukisiwe;
- kuthuthukisa ukungena kwe-nitrogen ezitshalweni ezibuthakathaka;
- ulwa nezinambuzane ezinambuzane;
- igcwalisa umhlaba nge-nitrogen.
Urea ungalondolozwa isikhathi esingakanani?
Ukuphila kwesikhala somanyolo onjengo-urea akunamkhawulo. Nakuba isikhathi sewaranti siyizinyanga ezingu-6 kumaphakheji. Kuyoze kube nini lokhu kusetshenziselwa umanyolo kuncike ekutheni ubukhulu bezimiso zesitoreji. Gcina urea endaweni yesitsha esivaliwe ngokucophelela noma izikhwama ezingavunyelwe.
Uma lesi sidakamizwa sizoxhumana nomoya, khona-ke ngokuhamba kwesikhathi ukugxila kwayo kuzokwehla kakhulu, ngakho-ke, izakhiwo eziwusizo ziyokwehla. Kodwa namanje ungasebenzisa urea ngokungapheli isikhathi eside.
Kuyadingeka nini ukusebenzisa urea?
Wonke umuntu uyazi ukuthi ukunqwabelana kwemithi enhlabathini kungathinta nezitshalo, kanye nesici. Yingakho kuyadingeka ukondla izitshalo nge-urea njengoba kudingeka futhi ngobuningi obucacile. Ukutshala insimu "ekugcineni" akunakwenzeka noma kunjani.
Kodwa kunezimo ezibucayi lapho ukusetshenziswa okungavamile kwe-urea kulungile. Udinga ukuthola isikhwama esikhishwe ngamakristenti uma uqaphela ukuthi izitshalo:
- Ungakhuli, ube cishe esimweni esifanayo nesikhathi sokutshala (ukukhathazeka ngezithombo zika utamatisi, ikhukhamba, isitshalo seqanda, i-zucchini).
- Amaqabunga aqala ukuphenduka ophuzi, omile noma ewa.
- I-ovary iwa.
- Izinambuzane zitholiwe.
- Kukhona amahlumela abuthakathaka, ahlangene, amaqabunga amancane, kukhona ukwephulwa kwe-photosynthesis.
Ungayisebenzisa kanjani urea njengomanyolo?
Ukusetshenziswa kwe-urea ngokusakazeka emhlabathini akusebenzi. Ezinsukwini ezimbalwa, lesi sidakamizwa, esithintana nezinsizakalo ezincane zenhlabathi, sidlulela esimweni se-gaseous (ammonium carbonate) futhi siyanyamalala. Yingakho i-carbamide ingcono ukungena emhlabathini noma okungenani i-sprinkle encane. Ngaphezu kokuthulula ama-granules, i-carbamide isetshenziselwa ifomu eliqhekekile lokumnika okuqondile ngqo empandeni.
Ukutshala izithelo kanye namabele kanye nemifino yemifino nge-urea iqala entwasahlobo futhi ihlala isikhathi sonke semifino. Phakathi nalesi sikhathi 3-4 ukwelapha kuvame ukuqhutshwa. Kumele futhi wazi mayelana nomhlaba we-urea owenza kancane umhlabathi , ngakho-ke kunconywa ukuba uhlanganise ne-lime kuso (isigamu se kilo ka-urea - 0.4 kg we-lime noma isiko).
I-cubic meter yokutshala izitshalo ezahlukene isebenzisa inani elihlukile lomuthi:
- ama-strawberries, ama-strawberries - irea uqaliswa emhlabathini ngaphambi kokutshala izithombo, ukuchelela ngesikhathi sokuhluma, 5 gr ngehora elilodwa lamanzi liyadingeka;
- iklabishi, upelepele, utamatisi, anyanisi, amazambane, ugarlic - 20-23 gr;
- zucchini / sikwashi nesitshalo seqanda - 10-12 gr;
- okusanhlamvu - 300 gr ngamakhulu ayisishiyagalombili engadini;
- sishaye imifino ezinambuzane nezifo - kufika ku-15 gr ngalinye ngamalitha angu-10 amanzi.