Uma kungcono ukutshala utamatisi, akuzona zonke izakhamuzi zasehlobo ezazizi futhi ngokuvamile zincintisana kakhulu, ohlwanyela ngaphambili. Njengamanje, kunezincomo eziningi mayelana nobudala obuhle bezithombo zamatamatisi ngokufika kwakhe endaweni enomphela. Ngaphezu kwalokho, akunzima ukubala isikhathi sokuhlwanyela imbewu yamatamatisi.
Lapho ukutshala utamatisi on izithombo?
Ukunquma ukuthi ukutshala utamatisi on izithombo kuzosiza ezihlukahlukene ezihlukahlukene. Uzokutshela isikhathi semifino ye-utamatisi kusuka emahlumela kuya ekuvuneni. Isibonelo, ngezinhlamvu kanye nezinhlobo zakuqala, lesi sikhathi cishe izinsuku ezingu-100. Ukuze uthole isivuno sesaladi se-tomato ngo-Julayi 20, ukuhlwanyela kufanele kwenziwe ngezinsuku eziyi-100, lapho sifaka khona ngesonto - isikhathi sokuhlwanyela imbewu, izinsuku ezintathu zokusinda kwezithombo emva kokutshala. Kusele izinsuku ezingu-110. Lokhu kusho ukuthi lezi zinhlobonhlobo kufanele zihlwanyelwe ngo-Ephreli 1. Uma uhlela ukukhulisa izithombo zamatamatisi endaweni yokushisa, akufanele utshale imbewu kuze kube ngu-10 Mashi. Isichazamazwi esilandelayo yisikhathi sokutshala izithombo zotamatisi endaweni enomphela.
Ngesikhathi sokutshala izithombo zamatamatisi?
Konke kuncike lapho ufuna ukutshala izithombo. Uma i-greenhouse noma inhlabathi evikelwe, lapho yonke inkathi ekhulayo izokhula, izitshalo kumele zitshalwe ekuqaleni.
Ukutshala izithombo emhlabathini ovikelwe kufanele kwenzeke phakathi no-May, emhlabathini ovulekile - ekuqaleni kukaJune. Isikhathi esiphezulu kunawo wonke sokutshala utamatisi wokutshala emhlabathini (kuye ngokuthi ezihlukahlukene) izinsuku ezingu-50-60.
Izithombo ezikhulayo ebamba lokushisa ezitshalwe kusukela ngomhlaka 1 kuya ku-10 kuMeyi. Ngalesi sikhathi, kusesebusuku ebusuku, ngakho-ke kunconywa ukumboza indawo yokushisa enezingqimba ezimbili zefilimu, phakathi kokufanele ushiye igebe lika-2-3 cm. Lokhu kuzokwenza ngcono umbuso oshisayo futhi uvikele ifilimu ephansi. Ifilimu engenhla isuswe ekuqaleni kuka-Juni. I-greenhouse lapho izitamatisi ziyokhula khona kufanele ibe nokuphuza umoya, ikakhulukazi ngenkathi izimbali. Ukugwema izifo kwelinye lokushisa lokushisa utamatisi iminyaka eminingana elandelanayo akufanelekile.
Indlela yokutshala utamatisi izithombo?
Nazi amathiphu abalulekile:
- Sebenzisa iziqukathi zemifino yezithombo. Kungcono ukungathathi izinkuni, lapho ama-microorganisms ephindaphinda kahle, kodwa amapayipi epulasitiki noma izimbiza.
- Thatha umquba wendawo yonke futhi okhethekile wezithombo. Gcwalisa isitsha ngomquba, sisebenzise kalula futhi siphuthumise.
- Hlwanyela imbewu bese ufafaza ngisho noqweqwe lwe-compost, ukuwuhlunga ngesihlungo. Bese umboza itreyi ngekhasi le-kraft neglasi. Uma leli phepha liba mnandi, lishintshe.
- Hlola umbuso wokushisa we-17-19 ° C. Ukukhula izithombo utamatisi kulula ukukhiqiza in a mini-greenhouse nge Ukushisa. Izithombo zingatshalwa efasiteleni ngesikhathi sokushisa kwe-16-19 ° C.
- Uma kukhona amahlumela, bahlinzeke ngokukhanyisa okuhle nokuchelela. Okokuqala, phakamisa ingilazi noma iphepha, futhi emva kwezinsuku ezimbalwa, susa ngokuphelele. Dlulisa isitsha ku-
indawo enokukhanyisa okuhle (gwema ukukhanya kwelanga) bese uyivula ngosuku. Indawo yezithombo utamatisi akumele ime. Kungcono ukusebenzisa ispirisi yokunisela. - Lapho amaqabunga amabili angempela avela esitshalweni, utamatisi awela emathreyizeni, amabhodwe noma amabhokisi okutshala. Lapho bahlezi kude no 3-4 cm kusuka komunye nomunye. Ngemva kokukhetha, amathreyi agcinwa emthunzini izinsuku ezimbalwa ngo-9-11 ° C.
- Ngemuva kokuba izithombo ziqine, ziqala ukulungiselela ukutshala emhlabathini ovulekile, okungukuthi, ukuphuza. Ukuqeda amandla kuhlanganisa ukuhambisa nokuqhubeka nokugcinwa ekamelweni elingenakulinganiswa isonto. Kuphela emva kwalokhu, izithombo zika utamatisi zitshalwe emhlabathini ovulekile.