Ukungabi nalutho kuyaziwa isintu kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo futhi kuhlanganisa imibono yokuziqhenya enkolweni, inkanyezi yenkanyezi emibuthanweni yebhizinisi lokubonisa, ukuziqhenya, ukuziqhenya ebuhlotsheni obuvamile phakathi kwabantu. Kuyini ukungabi nalutho, ukuthi kuthinta kanjani umuntu nabanye - ochwepheshe abangcono kakhulu bemiphefumulo yabantu - izazi zefilosofi, abapristi, i-theosophists, izazi zengqondo, bazama ukuyiqonda.
Kutjho ukuthini ukungabi nalutho?
Ukungabi nalutho kuvela emazwini amabili athi "ukungabi nalutho" nelithi "inkazimulo." I-V.I. UDal - umcwaningi omkhulu wolimi lwesiRussia kwisichazamazwi esichazayo uchaza ukuthi ukungabi nalutho komuntu onjalo kuyisifiso sabantu abathile ngokuhlonipha, ukudumisa, inkazimulo yezwe, ukuqaphela izici ezinhle. Isifiso sokuthi kube yingxoxo yokuxoxisana nokuhaha okunakekelwayo kubonakala kubantu nakumphakathi wanamuhla.
Ukungabi nalutho kusukela ekubukeni kwengqondo
Izizathu zokuzikhukhumeza zifihliwe ebuntwaneni. Izazi zengqondo zikholelwa ukuthi ekubunjweni kokuzihlonipha, umgomo obalulekile ukuqashelwa kwengane ngabazali, njengoba behlola okuthile okuphumelelayo kwengane. Ukwedlula udumo kuphazamisa ukucabanga ngokwakho njengomuntu, ukuzithengisa ngokweqile okuholela ekutheni kungabikho lutho. Umuntu angayibona yini "isifo se-stellar" ngokwakho? Kunezibonakaliso zeze:
- injabulo ngokuthokoza;
- isifiso sokuguqula izenzakalo ezungeze umuntu siqu;
- impendulo enonya kunoma yikuphi ukugxekwa (okwakhayo, okungakhethi);
- ukukhulumisana ngokweqile, ukuhlukana ngezenzo (ukungafani phakathi kokukhuluma nokwenza);
- ukuziphatha okungenasisekelo.
Kuthi ukuthini umuntu ongenalutho?
Ukubona komuntu njengomuntu kuyinkimbinkimbi, kuxhumene nemizwelo ngenxa yokweqa kwabo noma ukungabi nalutho ngemuva kwemfundo engalungile uma kungekho mithetho kanye nokuvinjelwa nokuvunywa. Umuntu ongenalutho ngumuntu oqhakazile ekuqaleni kokubona, eheha abantu. Umhlengikazi wase-Austrian u-A. Adler, wakhuluma ngomuntu ongenalutho njengoba egcwala kangangokuthi akakho indawo yabanye. Yeka ukuthi i-vanity ibonakala kanjani:
- Ukubonisa imizwa, imicabango - isimo sangaphakathi singahluka ngokubonakaliswa kwangaphandle (umgomo ukumbamba ngangokunokwenzeka izethameli zokunakwa).
- Ukuthobeka komunye umuntu ukuze uzizwe uphakeme (okuchazwe ngaphezulu kwabesifazane).
- Isifiso sokwenza imisebenzi emihle futhi utshele abanye ukuthi "nginjani".
- Isidingo esibaluleke kakhulu se "inkanyezi" - ngaphandle kokwazi okushiwo umsebenzi, umsebenzi ophumelela kuwo umuntu (impumelelo impumelelo).
- Umona ngokuqondene nalabo abaye bazuza okuthile ekuphileni.
Ukungabi nalutho kuhle noma kubi?
Noma iyiphi into inezici ezinhle nezimbi. Kuyini ukungabi namuntu futhi kunezikhathi ezinhle kulo - ngokusebenza okusebenzayo? Kunezikhathi ezingezinhle kakhulu, kodwa kunezinhlangothi ezinhle zokungazi lutho:
- kusiza ukufeza impumelelo nokuqashelwa (ikakhulukazi ebhizinisini lokubonisa);
- iyindlela yokuqala yimuphi umzamo womuntu: ukutadisha esikhungweni esihloniphekile, ukukhuthazwa emsebenzini.
Kuyini ukungabi nalutho ohlangothini olubi:
- Inkinga ebaluleke kunazo zonke yezinto ezingenangqondo iwukuthi umuntu akazuzi umphakathi futhi ulungiswa yena ngokwakhe.
- Abantu abahlukumezekile, kunzima ukuba nobuhlobo obugcwele nabathandekayo: ukukhukhumeza kwabo, ukuziqhenya nokuziqhayisa, baphoqa abantu.
- Ukuthuthukiswa ngokomoya akusoze kube khona, ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu umuntu angene esimweni se-megalomania (psychopathology of personality) lapho ecabanga ukuthi unamandla onke.
Ubuthakathaka nokuqhosha - ngumuphi umehluko?
Ukuziqhenya nokuzicabangela yilabo insimu lapho ukuziqhenya nokungabi nalutho "kuthuthukiswa khona." Ukuma okuphelele komuntu kuye, ukufeza kwakhe. Ukungabi nalutho kubhekwa njengento encane engabantu abanobudlova kunokuziqhenya. Ngamaphutha, umuntu angakwazi ukubona ukuthi ubungozi bokuthi "I-positioning" yakhe, ngokuziqhenya kukhona ukungahloniphi ngokuphelele ngokumelene nesizinda sokukhazimulisa wena. Kuzo zonke izinkolo zezwe, ukuziqhenya kuyisono esikhulu.
Ukuziqhenya kanye nokungazi lutho kukhona umehluko
Ukufisa komuntu ukuba kube yindawo engcono kakhulu emphakathini kuhlonishwa. Ukuze ube udokotela omuhle, uthisha, ukuthatha umthwalo wemisebenzi yakho yonke imithwalo yemfanelo futhi ube yisibonelo kwabanye yilokho okuhlukanisa ukufisa isifiso esivela kuyize, lapho ukunakwa "okungenalutho" kukhangwa ubuntu bomuntu. Ukuzifisa nokuziqhayisa - kukhona umugqa omuhle phakathi kwabo lapho izinga elilodwa lingena kwenye: ngakho-ke umuntu uqala ukuziqhenya ngokufaneleka okudlule nokuthi kubaluleke kangakanani embonweni wakhe okwenzile emphakathini.
Ungabhubhisa kanjani ize?
Ngokushesha nje lapho umuntu eqonda ukuthi usethunjweni ngokubaluleka kwakhe nokuthembela ekuthombeni, ukuqashelwa ngabanye, ulwela ukunakwa kweqembu - kunomsebenzi omkhulu wengqondo nengokwengqondo ukuzinqoba. Indlela yokubhekana nokuyize - izincomo ezimbalwa ezivela ezingqondweni zengqondo:
- I-Pragmatism iyimfanelo, ephakathi kwemingcele efanele, esiza ekuqedeni ukungabi nalutho futhi angaphumuli emithonjeni yokuthola impumelelo.
- Qhathanisa impumelelo yakho nempumelelo yabanye abantu - khumbula ukuthi uhlale ehlakaniphile, ehle kakhulu, ephumelela kakhulu.
- Thatha isibonelo sabantu abadumile, abaphumelela, abazange baphuthelwe yize: uMama Teresa, Mohammed Ali, Keanu Reeves - ubuntu obuphansi bomhlaba jikelele
- Ukuhlanganyela ukunqoba nokuphumelela yileyo mpumelelo ngenxa yokubambisana kwabanye abantu ekuphileni komuntu. Ukwamukelwa kwaleli qiniso nokubonga kubazali, othisha abahlangana endleleni yokuphila - basize ukuba baphume embusweni weze.
- I-G.D. URoberts ungumlobi wase-Australia othi, encwadini yakhe ethi The Shadow of the Mountain, wasikisela ukuthi kungakanani okuwusizo ukuthola, ngezinye izikhathi ngezinye izikhathi ekhothamela ikhanda lakhe futhi eguqa kungukuzivocavoca okuhle okuphikisana nalutho.
Kuyini okuyize kuyi-Orthodoxy?
Kungani ukungabi nalutho isono esivumelwaneni sase-Orthodox? Ku-movie edumile "Ummeli KaDeveli", iqhawe lika-Al Pacino likhuluma ngamazwi lapho evuma khona ukuthi ukungabi nalutho kungenye yezono ayithandayo, uDeveli. Umphefumulo wendoda ehlukumezayo ayivikelekile ngokumelene nezilingo zamandla amnyama. Obaba Ongcwele mayelana nento engenamsebenzi:
- Izingqondo ezimbi zivela kuDeveli, kodwa aziveli kuNkulunkulu.
- Ukungabi nalutho kubonakala ngokuthukuthela eziseduze, ukuthi baphila impilo engalungile, kunokuthi bahlonywe ububele futhi bacele uNkulunkulu ukuba aqondise umuntu ozalwayo endleleni elungile.
- Ubani oshilo futhi uthi okuthile ngenxa yenkazimulo yezwe kuphela ayize (Saint Basil the Great).
- Umphefumulo wongenangqondo ngumgodi ngaphandle kwamanzi (uSt. Evagrius).
- Ukungabi nalutho njengomoya ovunguzayo - ukugqokisa yonke ingcebo yobuhle (iSt. John Chrysostom).
Indlela yokuqothula ize - Orthodoxy
Ukungabi nalutho yisono esidla imisebenzi yomphefumulo womuntu . Abapristi bama-Orthodox banakekisa kakhulu ukucabangela kwemicabango nemisebenzi yansuku zonke - lokhu kuwumzamo omkhulu endleleni eya kuNkulunkulu. Umzabalazo ongenamaphutha nokuqhosha kuhlanganisa:
- ukuthobeka;
- ukuthobeka;
- imisebenzi ngothando nokuhlonipha konke;
- isenzo sezenzo ezinhle, kangangokuthi akekho noyedwa wabantu abazungezile owaziyo;
- imithandazo yokusiza ekuqedeni izilingo;
- ukuvuma phambi kompristi.