Umsebenzi wabasebenzi bokucima umlilo kuluhlu lwezisebenzi eziyingozi kakhulu, futhi okuncane kuyaziwa ngempilo yamaqembu okuhlenga. Sekuyisikhathi sokulungisa leli phutha.
Lokho abantu abaningi abakwaziyo mayelana nabacimi bomlilo kuyinombolo yocingo yokubiza izingcweti, bagibela imoto ebomvu bese beyiqeda umlilo besebenzisa ama-hoses. Ukwazisa okungafaneleki kahle, ngakho-ke kwakudingeka ngizibonele ngokuzenzekelayo, futhi ngawe - amaqiniso ambalwa athakazelisayo ngomsebenzi owingozi wenkonzo yomlilo.
1. Amasiko adingekayo
Nsuku zonke i-shift entsha iqala ngezinqubo ezigunyazayo: isheke lokusebenzisa izinto zokuphefumula, ukugqoka izingubo kanye nemibhalo yomuntu siqu, okudingekayo uma kwenzeka izimo ezimbi, ukuze kutholakale umuntu uma efa.
2. Izinguquko ezinde
Ezimweni eziningi, abasebenza ngokushisa umlilo basebenze ngokweqhinga "usuku olubili", kodwa kwezinye amaqembu abantu basebenza izinsuku ezingu-3-4 ngokulandelana amahora angu-10-12. Uma kukhona okuphuthumayo, amaqhawe angasebenza ngaphandle kwekhefu okungaphezu kosuku.
3. Amalungu omlilo wokuqala
Kukholelwa ukuthi okokuqala abantu babumba ama-brigades ukuqeda umlilo eNgilandi, futhi lokhu kwaba yisinyathelo sezinkampani zomshuwalense ezifuna ukunciphisa ukulahleka uma kwenzeka izinhlekelele. Ayaziwa kahle, kodwa kuthiwa abavukuzi bokuqala babonakala ngo-1722.
4. Abesifazane baphathelene namadoda
Kwakukhona inkolelo yokuthi umsebenzi onzima ungenziwa kuphela ngamadoda, kodwa empeleni owesifazane wokuqala ukuba abe ngumlilo womlilo kwakunguMolly Williams, ongena enkonzweni ekuqaleni kwekhulu le-XIX. Ngemva kwesikhashana, kwakukhona ama brigades ahlukene, ahlanganisa nabamele kuphela ubulili obuhle.
5. Kungani ibhakede lomlilo lesimo se-cone?
Namhlanje ama-fire brigades anikezwa ubuchwepheshe besimanje obuye benza ukucima umlilo kuphumelele. Ngaphambi kwalokhu kwakungenjalo, futhi abantu basebenzisa amabhakede enjengeyakhe. Babenezinzuzo ezimbili ezibalulekile: ukukhiqizwa kwemishini enjalo kwakuthatha izinto ezincane, futhi lapho bexoshwa kuwo, hhayi amanzi amaningi athululiwe, ngakho umlilo waqedwa ngokushesha.
6. Uhlobo oluyingqayizivele
Ukwenzela i-fireman isambatho esikhethekile, isendwangu esikhethekile, esakwazi ukumelana namazinga okushisa kuze kufike ku-1200 ° C. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ivikela emiphumeleni ye-acids eqondile nama-alkali. Ngenxa yalezi zakhiwo abashayeli bomlilo bangasindisa abantu ekushiseni izindlu.
7. Ipulazi elidingekayo lomlilo
Ekuthunyelwe komyalelo wokukhulula, isigxobo somlilo akuyona nje ubuhle. Eqinisweni, kuyadingeka ukuze kube khona ukwehla okusheshayo ukusuka esitezi sesibili, njengoba, njengomthetho, esiteji sokuqala sakhiwo kukhona izimoto nemishini, kanti abantu basesitezi sesibili. Eziyisithupha zisetshenziselwa cishe iminyaka engu-140.
8. Imishini enamandla
Ukusebenza kwabasebenzi bokucima umlilo akuyona nje eyingozi, kodwa futhi kunzima, futhi ngomqondo wangempela wezwi, njengoba kufanele baqhubekele kusuka ku-5 kuya ku-30 kg. Konke kuxhomeke kulokho okwenziwe ngezindwangu, nokuthi yini efakwe kule ngubo. Njengoba kunikezwe amanani aphakeme kangaka, kucacile ukuthi umsebenzi womuntu oshisa umlilo ufanelekile kuphela kubantu abaqeqeshwe ngokomzimba.
9. Isikhathi sokufika emlilweni
Ngokomthetho okhethekile, izikhulu zomlilo kufanele zifinyelele emlilweni emzini ongakapheli imizuzu engu-10. Ngokuqondene nomaphandleni, isikhathi senyukela emaminithini angu-20. Lezi zingxenye zichazwe ukuthi phakathi nalesi sikhathi umlilo uhamba kancane kakhulu futhi kuzoba lula ukuwuqeda.
10. Izinto ezifakwe kahle
Uma isibonakaliso sitholwa ukuthi umlilo usuqalile, i-brigade ineminye imizuzu embalwa ukuyibeka, thatha imishini futhi ube semotweni. Ukwenza lokhu, bagcina izinto zabo ngendlela ekhethekile, isibonelo, amabhulukwe aphendukile futhi afakwa ezibhothini.
11. Imithombo yamanzi
Emotweni evamile itanki, elihlala ngamalitha angu-2 350 amanzi. Uma ngabe umkhono owodwa kuphela uxhunyiwe, le vidiyo izodliwa ngamaminithi angu-7.5. Umshini ngamunye unepompo ekhethekile eyenzelwe ukugcwalisa ngokushesha izimali ezigciniwe. Ingaxhunyaniswa ne-hydrant noma ukupompa amanzi kusuka kulelo shiya elivulekile.
12. Ukulahla isilevu namadevu
Ngokusho kwemithetho, abasebenzi bezimoto akufanele babe nesilevu ezinomsoco namadevu, kepha banqabe ukuhlaba ubuso. Lokhu kuvinjelwe ngenxa yokuthi ngesikhathi somsebenzi bangadinga imaski e-oksijeni, okufanele ivumelane ngokuqinile ebusweni, futhi izimila nemidwebo ehlukahlukene kuzokuvimbela.
13. Isijeziso sabasebenzi bokucima umlilo
Uma umuntu eshisa, akakwazi ukufaka icala, kodwa abacimi bomlilo ngokwabo bangaphenywa. Ngemuva kokuthi umlilo uvaliwe, iqembu labaphenyo liza endaweni yesehlakalo, okuyinto enquma umthombo womlilo futhi yenze isenzo sokufaneleka ngokushisa umlilo. Bahlola ukuthi ithimba lisebenze kahle nokuthi ngabe alibanga yini umonakalo ongazigwema.
14. Akukhona nje ukuthi imililo iyakucima
Umsebenzi we-brigades womlilo ukhulu kakhulu kunebaningi abacabanga. Abasindisa abantu ezimweni ezahlukene, isibonelo, uma benamathele ku-elevator noma bangaphansi kwendlu ehlekile. Abacimi bomlilo banamakhono ahlukene abasebenzisa ngenhloso eyodwa - ukulondoloza impilo yabantu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, basindisa izilwane.
15. Abacimi bomlilo - izisebenzi zokuzithandela
Emazweni amaningi kunabantu abazinikela ngokuzithandela ngamaqembu omlilo. Ezimweni eziningi, zihlelekile lapho uhulumeni engakwazi ukugcina khona isevisi. Isibonelo, eChile kunezinkulungwane ezingaphezu kweziyishumi zokuzicima umlilo-izisebenzi zokuzithandela ezikhokhela inyanga ngayinye futhi ziqeqeshwa ngokukhethekile. Kwamanye amazwe, abantu abanezemfundo ephakeme kuphela abangaba abacimi bomlilo.
16. Ukusebenza ku-touch
Emabhayisikobho mayelana nomsebenzi wabasebenzi bokucima umlilo abonisa ukuthi bahamba kanjani ngokuzungezile ngesakhiwo esivuthayo bese bethola izisulu noma indlela yokuphuma, kodwa empilweni yangempela kuyaphambene. Endlini evuthayo, ngenxa yentuthu, akukho lutho olungabonakala nhlobo, futhi ngenxa yokuqhuma okukhulu kwamaflamanda akukho lutho oluzwakalayo, ngisho nokukhamuluka kwabantu. Ezimweni ezinjalo, akudingeki ukuthi ususe imaski, ngaphandle kwalokho umlisi womlilo angase ahlushwe. Ngakho-ke, abahlengikazi bahamba ekamelweni elivuthayo cishe ku-touch.
17. Abasizi abanezinyawo
Kusukela ngesikhathi abacimi bomlilo basebenzela kumahhashi, i-brigade yayihlanganisa nezinja, futhi kwakungaba yiDalmatians. Lolu hlobo aluyikwesaba, futhi kulula ukufunda. AmaDalmatiya ahlala ndawonye namahhashi, ngoba kwakukholelwa ukuthi izilwane zazidinga ukukhulumisana okuhle ngomsebenzi omuhle. Izinja zalolu hlobo ziye zaba uphawu oluthile lwabalimi bokuqeda umlilo, kodwa namuhla izilwane nezinye izinhlobo zikhanga enkonzweni. Umsebenzi wabo oyinhloko ukufuna abantu, ngoba bangathola izisulu, uma umuntu engenawo ithuba, isibonelo, ngenkungu eqinile.
18. Izinkolelo-ze zomlilo
Uma ufuna ukufisa sengathi abafake umlilo kufanele bazuze inhlanhla, ngoba lokhu kuyisiko ukuthi "imikhono engomile", kodwa lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ukucinywa kwenziwa ngebhola elibizwa ngokuthi "i-hose hose" futhi uma lihlala loma, khona-ke kwakungekho umlilo. Ngokusho kwesinye isaziso, abacimi bomlilo abakaze baxoxane ngezandla futhi abafuni "ubusuku obuhle" ukuba bangahlangabezane nesayithi ngosuku olufanayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngokusho kwezibalo, phakathi nenyanga egcwele, inani lemililo liyakhula, elibuye linamazwi amanga futhi lenze izinkolelo-ze.