Esinye sezifo ezingavamile nezeziyingozi i-amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Lesi sifo sibangela ukukhubazeka kwemisipha eminingi yomzimba womuntu, kuyilapho ukuqonda kuhlala kucacile ngokuphelele. Isibonelo esidumile kunazo zonke isazi sezintambo esaziwayo uStephen Hawking, okuyinto ehlukile, ngoba i-amyotrophic sclerosis iholela ekufeni eminyakeni engama-3-5, kanti u-Hawking wakwazi ukuzinzisa isimo sesikhathi eside.
Izimpawu eziyinhloko ze-amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
Kuze kube manje, ososayensi abakwazi ukuthola izimbangela eziqondile ze-amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Abanye bacabanga ukuthi lesi sifo sinesizalo, ezinye - ezincane. Ngenxa yokuthi i-ALS ivela kubantu abangaba ngu-3 ku-10 000 futhi iqhubekela phambili ngokushesha, ukutadisha izimpawu kunzima kakhulu. Kunobufakazi bokuthi i-amyotrophic lateral sclerosis ivela ngokuzenzakalelayo, kepha ngezikhathi zonke izimbangela zesifo zingase zihluke futhi zihlale zicacile.
Lesi sifo asikwazi ukulungiswa ngokuhlolwa okukhulu, ngakho-ke i-tomography ekhompyutheni kulokhu ayiniki umphumela. Ukuxilongwa kwe-amyotrophic lateral sclerosis kusekelwe ekuhlaziyweni okuncane kwamangqamuzana e-cortex ye-cerebral kanye naso sonke isiqu se-cerebrospinal cord. Kule ndlela kuphela lesi sifo singabonakala futhi sihlukaniswe nezinye izilonda zesimiso sezinzwa ezisemkhatsini ezinezimpawu ezifanayo.
Esikhathini sokuqala, i-ALS iqhubeka cishe engaqondakali, ingabonakaliswa kuphela yi-numbness yemilenze nokudideka kwenkulumo. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, izimpawu ziba ngaphezulu:
- ukukhubazeka ngokwengxenye kwemisipha ethile yezingenhla, noma izitho ezincane;
- umqondo wokulinganisela wehla;
- u-spasticity kwenzeka;
- wandisa ukucabanga okujulile;
- kukhona ukuqhuma okungazelelwe nokungalawuleki kokuhleka, noma ukukhala;
- ukuqothulwa kwezinyawo;
- I-Atrophy yemisipha yamabhande kanye ne-hip belts, ucindezela;
- inkulumo ingabonakali futhi ayikho emthethweni;
- ubunzima bokuphefumula;
- kukhona ubuthakathaka nokucindezeleka .
Ukuxilongwa kokugcina kwenziwa ngemuva kokuba izibonakaliso ezingabonakali zokunqotshwa kwezimoto eziphakathi nendawo zomzimba ezigulini zikhona. Lokhu kusho ukuthi inqubo yokubhujiswa kwe-motor neurons isiqalile futhi maduzane ukuqedela ukukhubazeka kuyokwenzeka. Ngokuvamile kuze kube manje, iziguli aziphili, njengoba ukufa kwenzeka ngenxa yobunzima bokuphefumula ngenxa ye-atrophy yemisipha ehambisanayo.
Ukwelashwa kwe-amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
Njengoba kungekho zizathu zokuthuthukiswa kwalesi sifo, ukwelashwa kwayo akusebenzi. Unganciphisa inqubo kancane kancane, usebenzisa ukwelashwa okusekelayo ukwenza lula ukubonakaliswa kwayo. Okokuqala kuhilela ukuphuza umoya wamapayipi. Le ndlela isetshenziselwa ukusebenza eNtshonalanga futhi ivumela ukuba isikhathi eside segulane sithole isikhathi seminyaka engu-5-10. Emazweni asekuqaleni kwe-CIS, le nqubo ayisetshenziswanga neze ngenxa yezindleko eziphezulu zemishini.
Kunomuthi owodwa kuphela onganciphisa ukuqhubeka kwesifo. Lona yiRiluzol, ehlanganisa i-rilutec. Iqeda ukukhiqizwa komzimba wegulamate ngesiguli, ngenxa yalokho umonakalo owenziwe ngamagesi we-motoneurons uba mkhulu kakhulu. I-Riluzole isetshenziselwe ukusetshenziswa kusukela ngo-1995 e-US nakwamanye amazwe aseYurophu, kodwa lesi sidakamizwa asikakabhaliswa futhi asisetshenziswa.
Ngisho noma ukwazi ukuthola imithi, ungalindeli ukuthi iyoyithinta kakhulu inkinga yesifo. Ngokwesilinganiso, ukwelashwa kwe-Riluzole kususa isidingo sokuxhuma i- ventilator cishe inyanga.