I-Anomalies ekuthuthukiseni uhlelo lokubeletha kwabesifazane livela ngesikhathi sokubunjwa kwe-intrauterine yengane. Ngaphansi kancane - esikhathini sokubeletha. Isizathu se-anomaly yentuthuko yezitho zangasese kungaba nomthelela kokubili izici zangaphandle ze-teratogenic, futhi zangaphakathi, ezihlobene nokukhubazeka komzimba kamama. Ngokuvamile, ukungavamile kokuthuthukiswa kwendlela yokuzala kuhlangene ne-anomaly yokuzalwa yesistimu ye-genitourinary, okubangelwa ama-embryonic ejwayelekile. Ama-anomali ekuthuthukiseni uhlelo lwe-genitourinary ngokuyinhloko amasonto angama-12, lapho umphumela wezinto eziphathelene ne-teratogenic kulezi zinhlelo ezingathandeki kakhulu.
Phakathi kwabo kukhona:
- ukukhubazeka kokukhulelwa;
- izifo ezithathelwanayo;
- izifo ze-endocrine;
- i-pathology ye-placenta;
- ukuvezwa kwemisebe ye-ionizing;
- ukusetshenziswa kwemithi;
- isici sofuzo.
Ukuhlukaniswa kwezinkinga ezingezansi zomzimba wesifazane
Ukukhubazeka kwamalungu omzimba wesifazane kuhlukaniswe ngokuqinile:
- amaphaphu angathinti isimo sokusebenza sezitho zangasese;
- isilinganiso, ukwephulwa komsebenzi wezocansi, kodwa ukugcina ikhono lokuzala;
- Kunzima kakhulu, ngaphandle kwamathuba okuzala.
Ngokwemvelo, i-pathology yezinsikazi zomzimba zesifazane ihlukaniswe ibe yinkinga yokuthuthukiswa:
- umzimba nomlomo wesibeletho;
- ama-ovari, amashubhu angama-fallopian kanye nemigqa egcwele;
- ubulili;
- i-vulva, i-hymen.
Ama-anomalies ekuthuthukiseni kwesibeletho
Ukukhubazeka kokuthuthukiswa kwesibeletho kubangelwa ukwakheka okungalungile, ukuthuthwa komzimba okungaphelele, ukwephula ukuhlanganiswa kwamadada aseMellerian.
Ngenxa yalokho, okulandelayo kungenziwa:
- izibeletho ezimbili, isibeletho, isisu;
- Isibeletho sokuqhaqhaza ;
- izibeletho ezimbili ezihlukumezayo;
- ukungabikho kwezinso noma i-ovary eyodwa;
- i-atresia yesibeletho.
Ngokomtholampilo, ukukhubazeka kwesibeletho kubonakala ngokuphulwa komsebenzi wokuya esikhathini. Ukuxilongwa kusekelwe endoscopic, izindlela ze-ultrasound zophenyo, i-computed tomography. Ukwelapha okuhlinzekwa kuboniswa ukuphulwa kokuphuma kwegazi lokuya esikhathini.
Ukungahambi kahle kwebesifazane
I-vagina isakhiwe kusuka emaqenjini ahlukene e-embryonic, ngakho-ke ihlukanisa izifo, kuhlangene ne-pathology yokuthuthukiswa kwesibeletho nangaphandle.
I-pathology yokuthuthukiswa kwesiswini ihlukaniswe ngokuthi:
- i-agenesis - ukungabikho okuphelele kwebesifazane;
- i-atresia - ukutheleleka okugcwele noma okuncane kwesifazane;
- I-aplasia yiyona engekho enkulu yezingxenye zesifazane.
Ngokwemithi, ukukhubazeka kubonakala ku-amenorrhoea, ubuhlungu besisu esingaphansi, ukungabikho kokuphila ngokocansi kubonakala. Ukuxilongwa kusekelwe ku-ultrasound, izindlela zokugcina uposcopic. Ngalesi sifo, ukwelashwa okuhlinzwayo kuvame ukusetshenziswa.
Ukukhubazeka kokuthuthukiswa kwama-ovarian
Ku-pathology of development of the ovaries bahlukaniswa:
- i-agonadism kuyiqiniso futhi ingamanga;
- Ukuzimela ngokuqondile kuyiqiniso futhi kungamanga;
- i-hypogonadism eyinhloko neyesibili;
- I-Ambiogonadism inhlangothi eyodwa futhi inhlangothi ezimbili.
Imbangela yokukhubazeka ekuthuthukiseni ama-ovari kungaba ukudakwa nokutheleleka. Ukuthuthukiswa kweqiniso kwe-hypogonadism eyinhloko neyesibili kungaba yintshisekelo ye-chromosomal ne-pituitary.
Ngokwemithi, ukukhubazeka kubonakala ku- amenorrhea , ukungavamile kokuthuthukiswa kwezitho zobulili, ukushiya emuva ekukhuleni nasekuthuthukisweni. Lapho ukwelashwa kwe-pathology, i-hormone replacement therapy isetshenziswa kaningi, futhi izindlela zokuhlinzwa zokwelashwa azifakiwe.
I-Anomalies yokuthuthukiswa kwezigulane ezincelisayo
I-Anomaly ekuthuthukiseni izigulane ezincelisayo zihlukaniswe izifo:
- izinhlinzeko;
- amafomu;
- ubukhulu;
- inani lezinsipho kanye nezilonda ezincelisayo.
I-pathology iyatholakala ngesikhathi sokuzalwa noma ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. Ukuze uthole ukuxilongwa, i-ultrasound yebele isetshenziswa, isifundo sekhompyutha. Izindlela zokuhlinzwa zisetshenziswa ekwelapheni.