I-asthma ye-bronchial yisifo lapho, ngenxa yokuvuvukala okweqile kwendlela yokuphefumula, i-spasm ephawulekayo ye-bronchi iqala futhi ukukhushulwa kwe-mucus kwanda. Ngenxa yalokhu, kukhona ukwephulwa kokuphefumula, kwezinye izimo ukufinyelela ukuchofoza. Ngenye yezifo ezivame kakhulu izingane.
Izimbangela eziyinhloko ze-asthma ezinganeni ziyi:
- i-ARVI evamile yegciwane lesandulela ngculaza nesibhaktheriya;
- ukubhema komama ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa nokudla;
- ukwehluleka othulini, impova yezitshalo, izilwane, ukudla, izinhlamvu zefungi;
- izakhi zofuzo;
- izifo zesimiso sezinzwa.
I-asthma ibonakala kanjani kubantwana?
Njengoba lesi sifo siqala, ukubonakaliswa kwayo kuqinisa. Izibonakaliso zokuqala ze-asthma ezinganeni zifaka phakathi ukwehlukana kusuka ohlelweni lokuphefumula - ukushaywa emakhaleni, ukukloloda, ukukhwehlela owomile, ukushayela okungajwayelekile. Ngokuvamile, ukuhlaselwa kwesifo sokuphefumula kwesifo sofuba kuqhutshwa yisifo esiphefumulayo sokuphefumula noma isimo esicindezelayo. Esinye sezibonakaliso eziyinhloko ze-asthma ezinganeni kubonakala sengathi i-dyspnoea ne-wheezing. Zihambisana nokukhwehlela owomile. Ingane ingazizwa ukuxubana kwesifuba. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isimo sesiguli ngokuvamile siyinkimbinkimbi ngokuhlaselwa kwesifo sokuhlushwa nokucindezeleka. Izimpawu zesifo sokuphefumula ezinganeni zihlanganisa umqondo wokuntuleka komoya, i-tachycardia iqala. Ukuhlaselwa kwe-bronchial ngayinye kungahlala emaminithini ambalwa kuya emahoreni angu-2-3. Nokho, i-asthma ikhula kancane kancane ezinganeni. Ngakho-ke, kaningi kukhona ukuphefumula kwe-asthma ezinganeni, kuboniswe ukukhwehlela owomile ngaphandle kokulahla isikhukhula.
Ukwelashwa kwe-asthma ezinganeni
Ngeshwa, akunakwenzeka ukuqeda ngokuphelele i-asthma. Kodwa-ke, izinyathelo eziyinkimbinkimbi zingenza kube lula ukuba ingane ihlaselwe ngokushona futhi ibonakale ingajwayelekile. Okokuqala, abazali kudingeka banciphise amathuba okuxhumana nomntwana nge-allergen ekhaya. Kubalulekile ukuqeda imithombo yothuli - amaphepathi, ifenisha ephakanyisiwe kanye nezincwadi - ukubeka ngemuva kwesibuko. Kuzodingeka ukuthi ulahlekelwe izimbali zezilwane nezigumbi, lapho ingane ingase ibe nokuzwela khona. Kunconywa ukuthi ukubhema amakhaya ukuqeda lo mkhuba. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ingane ehlushwa i-asthma kufanele ihliswe ukuze kuncishiswe izigameko ze-ARVI, okwenza ukuba i-bronchospasm ibangele. Ukwelashwa kwezokwelapha kuboniswa ngendlela yokusebenzisa ama-aerosol akhethekile noma ama-inhalers, okuvumela ukuyeka ukuphazamiseka.