Lapho kutshalwa amagilebhisi, umsebenzi oyinhloko obhekene nabalimi ukuhlinzeka izimo zokukhula nokuthuthukiswa kwezihlahla ukuze kutholakale isivuno esihle kakhulu samajikijolo anomsoco futhi anempilo. Ukwelashwa kwamagilebhisi ezifweni emva kokubusika kubandakanya izinyathelo eziningana zokulwa nezifo kanye namafungus.
Imigomo yokwenziwa kwentwasahlobo yamagilebhisi ezifweni
Ukucubungula kokuqala
Ukucubungula kokuqala kwamagilebhisi entwasahlobo kwenziwa nge-sulfate yethusi ngemuva kokukhipha impahla eyisibekela, okuyinto isitshalo senziwa ebusika. Lapho ulungiselela isisombululo sokulwa nezifo ze-fungal 200 g we-sulfate yethusi kuhlanjululwe ngamalitha angu-10 amanzi. Ukuze uthole izitshalo ezincane ze-vitriol, kufanele uthathe izikhathi ezingaphansi kwezingu-2. Abalimi abanolwazi balungiselela ingxube yekhambi le-sulfate ne-lame. Kuze kube sekugcineni, i-100 g ye-vitriol yethusi ihlolwe esitsheni esisodwa. Ukuze ama-crystals alo mzimba aqedwe kangcono, kumele agcwaliswe ngamanzi ashisayo. Ngenkathi amanzi e-Bordeaux (isisombululo okuthiwa i-vitreous) aphelile, kwelinye ilanga ubisi lwe-limy lulungiselelwe kusuka ku-100 g we-quicklime (noma u-150 g we-lime eligqamile) kanye no-10 amalitha amanzi. Isixazululo se-sulfate yethusi sithunyelwa ebisi liketshezi ngokuqhuma njalo. Ukuthi ukubunjwa akukhipha amandla ngesikhathi sokuhlunga futhi kugcinwe ezitshalweni ezithintekayo, kutuswa ukuba wengeze isobho noma i-glycerine.
Ukuqhutshwa kwesibili
Ngaphambi kwezimbali, ukuqhutshwa kwesibili kwesiko kwenziwa. Ezindaweni ezingasenyakatho kakhulu le nkathi iwela ngomhla ka-20 Ephreli, endaweni eguquguqukayo yezulu-ekuqaleni kukaMeyi. Ngesikhathi esifanayo ukucubungulwa kwamagilebhisi kusetshenziswa izidakamizwa ezifana nalezi: Ridomil, Golden Sparkle, Topaz, Theovid-Jed.
Umphumela omangalisayo unikeza ukucubungula kwamagilebhisi Gibberellin - umlawuli wemvelo wokuthuthukiswa kwezitshalo. Into esemqoka ekulungiseleleni i-gibberella-fungus, eyenza inqubo ye-vegetative. Sincoma ukuthi usebenzise iseluleko esilandelayo lapho ulungiselela isisombululo: okokuqala ungcolisa ngesilinganiso esincane sotshwala, bese usihlanza ngamanzi. Izithelo zemibhulashini zigoqiwe esitsheni esinesixazululo, sidlula zonke izitshalo. Sibonga iGibberellin, izithelo eziningi zihlanganisiwe, ukukhula kwamabhanki kuvuselelwe futhi ubukhulu bamajikijolo buyanda. Ngokufanayo, kuthinta Gibbersib, Cveten, Bud, Ovary, Gibberross nezinye izidakamizwa ezivela kulolu chungechunge. Kubalulekile ngaphambi kokuthenga umkhiqizo ukuze ubone ukuthi ukwakhiwa kuqukethe i-gibberellic acid noma usawoti wayo.
Ukuqhutshwa okulandelayo
Phakathi nokwakhiwa kwamagilebhisi omvini, ukwelashwa kwenziwa ngokumelene nezilokazane ezinambuzane. Izihlahla zifakwe nge-Oxychom, i-Quadrice, i-Mospilan. Ungaphinda uphathe izithelo zomvini nge Gibberellin, ikakhulukazi uma amajikijolo esitshalo, atshalwa kusayithi, athambekele ekugaya.
I-biopreparations yokucubungula amagilebhisi
Labo abangathandi ukusetshenziswa kwamakhemikhali, banethuba lokusebenzisa imikhiqizo yezinto eziphilayo ezingekho ezinobuthi.
I-Trichodermine I-frost-saprophyte, etholakala ekulungiseleleni, idiliza izinto eziphilayo emhlabathini zibe yizinhlanganisela ze-nitrogen, i-phosphorus ne-potassium, ngaleyo ndlela zicebise umhlaba. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-trichoderma igxilisa izifo eziningi zezifo zamagilebhisi, kuhlanganise nomlenze omnyama, isikhumba, ukulimala okuphelile, isikhumba se-powdery . Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi ukulungiselela okungeyona enobuthi kungaxutshwe namanye amafomu.
Phytosporin
Esikhathini senhliziyo yomuthi yi-bacillus ye-hay ephazamisa isikhunta esinama-parasitic futhi ivimbela ukuthuthukiswa kwezifo ze-bacteria. I-Fitosporin ayiyona into enobuthi, izithelo zingadliwa ngosuku olulandelayo, emva kokuwageza. Ungasebenzisa enye indlela yokulungiselela ngokusekelwe ku-bacillus ye-hay - i-Phytodor. Kunikezwa kuphela ukuthi iqukethe amabhaktheriya ngesimo se-spores eyomile, ikhambi kufanele lilungiselelwe amahora angu-1 kuya kwangu-2 ngaphambi kokuqala ukupomfaza.
Indlela engcono kakhulu yokuzibonakalisa wena nezinye izinto eziphilayo: Planzir, Pentafag-S, Boverin, Guapsen.
Kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi ukucubungulwa kwamagilebhisi, njengoba, ngempela, ezinye izitshalo zensimu, kungcono ukuchitha kusihlwa.