Imibhangqwana eminingi eshadile, ikakhulukazi evuthiwe (abangaphezu kuka-30), yaqala ukuthatha ngokungathí sina ukukhulelwa kwezingane. Bazilungiselela kusengaphambili ukukhulelwa okuzayo, ngakho-ke bahlanganyela ngokuhlanganyela, i-folate noma i-vitamin B9, ebizwa nge-folic acid. Isidakamizwa sidlala indima ebalulekile endleleni yokukhulelwa kanye nokuthuthukiswa okulandelayo kwe-fetus.
Kungani uphuza i-folic acid ngenkathi uhlela ukukhulelwa?
Lesi sakhi samakhemikhali senza imiphumela eminingi emihle:
- ikhuthaza ukuhlukaniswa kwamaseli;
- ivuselela ukufana nokuhlanzeka okufanele kwamaprotheni, ama-amino acids kanye noshukela;
- kuthuthukisa ukudla;
- ikhuthaza izinqubo ze-hemopoiesis;
- uvikela ekudakwa;
- kuvimbela ukuqina kwe-atherosclerosis ;
- kujwayelekile ukugaya;
- kuqinisa isimiso somzimba;
- kusiza ukungena okufanele kwamanye amavithamini.
Esinye isizathu esibalulekile sokuba i-folic acid isetshenziswe ngaphambi kokuba umklamo ubambe iqhaza ngokuqondile ekwakhiweni kwezinhlaka ze-DNA ne-RNA. Into echazwe iyona enesibopho sokudluliselwa kolwazi olufanele lofuzo kumntwana. I-folic acid ekuhleleni kokukhulelwa kuqinisekisa ukubunjwa okuvamile kwazo zonke izinhlelo eziphilayo ze-embryo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuvimbela ukuthuthukiswa kwezifo ezinzima kumama osolwayo kanye nesisu.
I-folic acid kubantu besifazane ekukhuleni kokukhulelwa
I-vitamin B9 enesifo esibi kakhulu ihlotshaniswa ne-oocyte pathologies, engabangela ukukhulelwa. Eminye imiphumela yokuntuleka kwe-folacin kumama:
- i-anemia;
- ukulahlekelwa kwesifiso;
- ukungabi nokufaniswa kwamaprotheni kanye nama-amino acids ngumzimba;
- ukhathala okwandayo;
- ukucasuka.
Iningi lezinkinga zokubeletha zomntwana ezifakwe emfuseni zakhiwe zingakapheli amasonto angama-4.5 emva kokwethulwa kweqanda, lapho abazali abazayo bengakathokozi ukuqala impilo entsha. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, kubalulekile ukuthatha i-folacin kusengaphambili, futhi hhayi ngemuva kokuqinisekiswa kokukhulelwa. I-folic acid evamile lapho uhlela ukukhulelwa ngokuphumelelayo kuvimbela ukuphazamiseka okulandelayo:
- i-anencephaly;
- ukuphazamiseka kwamapayipi ;
- i-hypotrophy;
- ukukhulelwa kwesisu;
- i-neural tube defect;
- ukukhulelwa okubandayo;
- i-hydrocephalus;
- isicwebezelisi;
- ukwakheka okuphansi kwezintambo zomgogodla;
- hypoxia yesisu;
- ukubambezeleka ekuthuthukiseni noma u-hernia wengqondo.
I-Folic acid yamadoda ekuhleleni ukukhulelwa
Izifundo zakamuva zakamuva emkhakheni wezokwelapha zokubeletha ziye zathola ukuthi ngisho nasezintweni ezincane ezinempilo ezingenalo izidakamizwa emikhuba emibi, 4% yesilisa ineziphene. Lesi simo sibizwa nge-aneuploidy, sibonakala ngenani elingalungile lezinhlaka ze-nucleoprotein (i-chromosomes) ku-spermatozoon. Lezi zifo zivimbela ukukhulelwa futhi zingabangela isifo se-Shereshevsky-Turner, Down noma iKlinefelter ebusweni.
Ukwamukela i-folic acid ehlanzekile ekuhleleni ukukhulelwa kunciphisa izinga le-aneuploidy (ngo-30%). Uma ubaba wesikhathi esizayo ethola u-vitamin B9 ngokudla, inani le-spermatozoa elibi liba ngaphansi, futhi izinga lembewu landa. Ngokusekelwe kula maqiniso, amadoda afana nabesifazane anqunywe i-folic acid - ukusebenzisa imithi yamakhemikhali ngesikhathi sokuhlela ukukhulelwa kusiza ukukhulelwa umntwana onengqondo nangokwenyama. Kubalulekile ukusebenzisa i-folacin ngendlela efanele, ngokusho kwemiyalelo yezokwelapha.
Isilinganiso se-folic acid ekuhlelweni kokukhulelwa
Ingxenye ye-folate ethathwe ithathe imikhuba ebalulekile neyomsoco kanye nesimo jikelele sezinto eziphilayo zabazali besikhathi esizayo. Udokotela kuphela onganquma ukuthi angaphuza kangakanani i-folic acid uma ehlela ukukhulelwa. Umbhangqwana oshadile ongenayo izidakamizwa ezilimazayo, futhi ophelela ngendlela elinganiselayo, angenza ngaphandle kokungezelelwa kwe-folacin eyengeziwe. Ukudla kwabalingani kufanele kube nocebile kwimikhiqizo enjalo:
- isibindi sesilwane;
- i-cottage shizi;
- ukunye okufana nokolweni, irayisi, i-oatmeal;
- ushizi;
- isibindi se-cod;
- isipinashi;
- amantongomane, ikakhulukazi ama-walnuts;
- ubisi;
- imikhiqizo evela kufulawa wakhe;
- amabhontshisi;
- amaqanda;
- ama-peaches;
- ukhilimu;
- izinhlanzi zasolwandle;
- iklabishi;
- amakhabe;
- ama-alimondi;
- ama-apricot;
- ubhontshisi;
- i-kefir;
- anyanisi.
Abazali abaningi esikhathini esizayo abanalo ikhono lokudla njalo lezi zitsha njalo, ngakho-ke banconywa (kuvunyelwe) folic acid ekuhleleni ukukhulelwa. Esikhathini ukudla okusetshenziselwa ukushisa, i-vitamin B9 ingabhubhisa, okusho isidingo sokugcwaliswa okwanele kokuntuleka kwayo ohlelweni lomzimba.
U-Folic acid ukuhlela ukukhulelwa - umthamo wabesifazane
Umkhiqizi ngamunye wamalungiselelo aqukethe i-folacin usebenzisa amafaysi ama-dosage (amathebulethi, ama-capsules) anezici ezihlukahlukene zomuthi osebenzayo. Umthamo wesifazane ojwayelekile we-folic acid ekuhleleni kokukhulelwa ikakhulukazi kusuka ku-800 ukuya ku-1100-1150 mcg ngosuku. Ukweqile kwamavithamini B9 nakho kungathandeki futhi kuyingozi, ngakho-ke kuyadingeka ukuba ulandele ngokuqinile iseluleko somchwepheshe. Ukwanda kwesigaba kuvunyelwe kuphela uma kukhona ukuntuleka okunamandla kwalesi sakhi semikhiqizo yamakhemikhali.
I-folic acid kubantu lapho behlela ukukhulelwa - umthamo
Ubaba ozayo, oqapha ngokucophelela impilo yakhe engokwenyama futhi adle ngokugcwele, akayiphuzo utshwala futhi akabhemi, ama-microgree 400-700 we-folacin ayoba namahora angu-24. Ngaphandle kwalokho, umthamo wansuku zonke we-folic acid ekukhuleni ukukhulelwa kancane ukwanda (0.8-1.15 mg). I-standard ephakanyisiwe yokukhonta ingu-1 mg, ingahlukaniswa ngama-2 amanani noma idakwe ngokushesha. I-folic acid inqunywe indoda ngaphambi kokukhulelwa ngokufana nowesifazane. Kuyinto efiselekayo ukusebenzisa izimali nge-vitamin E. Tocopherol igqugquzela ukukhiqizwa kwesidoda futhi ithuthukise izinga layo.
Uhlobo luni lwe-folic acid lokuphuza uma uhlela ukukhulelwa?
Isidakamizwa esithandwa futhi esingabizi amavithamini onegama elifanayo. I-pharmacy folic acid ngaphambi kokukhulelwa kuyisinqumo esihle kakhulu kokubili izindleko kanye nesilinganiso. Ithebhulethi ngayinye noma i-capsule iqukethe i-1 mg yesithako esisebenzayo, ehambisana nengxenye yesisekelo nsuku zonke. Uma ufisa, ungathenga imikhiqizo efanayo lapho kukhona khona i-folacin nezinye izithako eziwusizo (amavithamini B6, B12).
Amavithamini nge folic acid ekuhleleni ukukhulelwa
Ukuntuleka okunamandla kwe-vitamin B9 okutholakala ngesikhathi kuhlolwa lo mbhangqwana kuhlinzekela ukuqokwa kwemithi ekhethekile kubazali besikhathi esizayo abanokuhlushwa okukhulu kakhulu kwezinto ezichazwe - i-Apo-Folic noma i-Folacin. I-Folic acid ekuhleleni kokuqala kokukhulelwa ngesamba esingu-5 mg kusiza ngokushesha ukugcwalisa ukungabi khona kwevithamini.
Uma izinga le-folacin emzimbeni liseduze nokujwayelekile, izingqinamba ezijwayelekile ngokuqukethwe okulinganiselwe kwendikimba ebuzwayo kunconywa. Ukwamukelwa kwe-folic acid ekuhleleni kokukhulelwa kwenziwa ngalezi zidakamizwa:
- I-Folio;
- I-Multi-Tabs I-Perinatal;
- Elevit;
- I-Materna;
- Pregnavit;
- I-Vitrum-Prerenatal (Forte);
- Femibion;
- BlagMax.
Ngokuqondene namadoda, okukhethwa kukho okulandelayo kuthuthukiswe:
- USperon;
- I-SpermPlant;
- I-Sperm Active VIP
Ungathatha kanjani i-folic acid lapho uhlela ukukhulelwa?
Ukusetshenziswa kwe-folate kuncike ekujuleni kwayo kanye nezidingo zomzimba. Iziqondiso kumuthi othengiwe kufanele zichaze ngokucacile indlela yokuphuza i-folic acid uma uhlela ukukhulelwa. Indlela eyamukelekayo - ukugeza amaphilisi ngamanzi masinyane emva kokudla, mhlawumbe ekuseni. Ngokudla, isakhi samakhemikhali sithandwa kahle. Imvamisa ingaba izikhathi ezingu-3 emahoreni angu-24, ngokusho kwe-folacin ekuhlungeni kwe-capsule.
Kungakanani u-folic acid othatha uma uhlela ukukhulelwa?
Ubude benkambo yokwelashwa buhlolwa ngabanye ngabashadile abashadile. Ngaphambi kokusetshenziswa kwe-folic acid ekuhlelweni kokukhulelwa kunconywa. Kunconywa ukuthi uqale ukusebenzisa u-vitamin B9 amasonto angu-12-13 ngaphambi kwemizamo ehlosiwe ekukhulelwe noma ngisho nangaphambili. Kubalulekile ukungenzi ngisho nokuphumula kwesikhashana esifakiwe.
I-Folic acid - ukuphikisana nemiphumela emibi
Ukusabela okungalungile, okuvusa i-vitamin B9, kuvela ekugayeni, ekuphefumuleni, ohlelweni lwezinzwa nesikhumba:
- isicasuli;
- i-anorexia;
- ukuvula;
- ukuhlanza;
- ukunambitheka okumunyu emlonyeni;
- i-bronchospasm;
- ukushisa komzimba okwandisiwe;
- imivimbo ye-allergenic;
- itching;
- i-erythema.
Kunezimo lapho i-folic acid ivinjelwe ngokuphelele - ukuphikisana kubandakanya:
- i-anemia enonya;
- ukubekezelelana ngabanye ku-folacin;
- ukulahlekelwa kwe-cobalamin;
- izicubu ezimbi.