Ukubonakaliswa kokungaziphathi kahle nokuzwela ngokweqile, ukuhlaselwa kwemizwa, izinyembezi nokukhala ngezinye izikhathi akuyona nje ukubonakaliswa kohlamvu olungenangqondo kanye ne-whims. Lezi zimpawu akuyona into kuphela kodwa izibonakaliso zengozi ye-hysterical ethinta abantu banoma yimuphi unyaka namabini omabili.
Iyini i-hysteria?
Isifo sengqondo sobunzima obumnene nesezingeni elilinganisako yisimiso. Kuyinto yokuxilongwa kwezokwelapha okungaphelelwe isikhathi, lapho okungafani khona kokuziphatha okungavamile kokuziphatha kanye nenhlalakahle kuhambelana. Kwase kuyisikhathi eside, i-hysteria ibhekwa njengesifo sesifazane, futhi imbangela yaso yabonakala "ekukhipheni" futhi "ukuzungeza" ezungeze isibeletho, okuyinto, eqinisweni, engavumelani nokuyiqiniso. Kodwa kusukela lapha kwakukhona igama elidumile lesi sifo - "ama-rabies of the uterus".
Hysteria in Psychology
Ngesikhathi sokuqala ukuxilongwa kwe-hysteria kwachazwa nguHippocrates, uPlato wabe esekhuluma ngakho, echaza ngokuthi "ama-rabies" lapho isisu sikhona khona, singakwazi ukukhulelwa. Kwakucatshangwa ukuthi ukubonakaliswa kwe-syndrome kumadoda akunakwenzeka. Namuhla inkulumo iqondwa njenge-neurosis evela kumuntu onezici zobuntu. Izenzo zakhe zinqunywa imizwelo, evame ukunyanyiswa futhi zilandiswa, hhayi ngokuqonda. Abantu be-hysterical bavame ukugcizelela ukuzikhethela kwabo futhi babonise ukuziphatha okungazenzisi.
Lesi sifo se-neurotic of hysteria sinezibonakaliso ezihlukahlukene zemitholampilo. Isimo sesifo yisifo sokusebenza kwemoto nokubukwa, izimo zengqondo zesiguli. Abantu be-hysterical bayisimo se-egocentric, abayiphakamisa kalula, babonisa futhi banothando, bathambekela ekulandiseni. Bakhombisa ukukhushulwa kwezidingo kanye nabanye abantu, kodwa hhayi kubo.
I-Hysteria ku-Freud
I-Hysteria in psychoanalysis i-Zygmund Freud yacatshangwa futhi yahlaziywa, eyayimbandakanya njengezinzwa futhi yamhlukanisa ne-phobia. Wenze umthelela omkhulu ekutadisheni lesi sifo futhi wabonisa ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthuthukiswa kwayo emadodeni. Ngokusho kukaFreud, ukukhathazeka kubangelwa ukuthi umuntu uphonsela inkumbulo engenakulinganiswa ngaphandle kokuzizwa, kodwa ayanyamalala. Isithintelo sakhiwe, okubangela ukuzitika. Lahla i-hysterical syndrome, ungasiza ngo-psychoanalysis.
I-Hysteria - Izimbangela
Akukhona nje kuphela kodwa futhi izici zangaphakathi zingabangela ukugula, kodwa enhliziyweni ye-hysteria njalo izici zokuziphatha zomuntu ngamunye. Ubuthakathaka ngokomzwelo umuntu, okungenzeka ukuthi uzokwakha isifo. I-pathology iphakama ngemva kokuxabana ne-neuropsychic overstrain. Ukuhlaselwa kwe-hysteria kungabangela izinto ezifana nalezi:
- ukulimala;
- ukulayisha ngokweqile;
- ezinye izifo zomzimba;
- ukunganeliseki ngomsebenzi;
- isimo esibi emndenini;
- ukusetshenziswa kabi kotshwala noma izidakamizwa;
- Ukusetshenziswa okungalawulwa kwezinto zokuthula kanye nama-hypnotics.
Izinhlobo ze-hysteria
USigmund Freud emisebenzini yakhe yokuhlaziya ahlukanisa, yikuphi uhlobo lokuzijabulisa. Wachaza izinhlobo ezimbili zalesi sifo: ukungahloniphi ukwesaba nokuguquka kwemvelo. Esikhathini sokuqala, isiguli asinqobe ukuphefumula kwakhe (namuhla ukuxilongwa kuthiwa yi-phobic neurosis). Ukuqaphela kuvela ngokumelene nentando yomuntu. I-hysteria yokuguqulwa ibonakala ngomzamo wesiguli wokubhekana nenkinga yakhe, ukuhumusha impikiswano yengqondo ibe izimpawu zomzimba. Kuzo zombili izimo, isici esiyinhloko sokuthuthukiswa kwalesi sifo ukuvikelwa okuhlangenwe nakho kwangaphakathi nokuphikisana nokucindezelwa.
I-Hysteria - izimpawu nezibonakaliso
Izimpawu zalesi sifo zikhona eziningi - amakhulu eminyaka, imbangela yabhekwa ngokuthi "iyazulazula" kwesibeletho emzimbeni wesifazane. I-symptomatology ayicacile kuze kube manje, futhi akulula ukubona isifo. Izimpawu ezilandelayo ze-hysteria zibhekwa njengeziyisisekelo:
- ukungahambi kahle, ukuziphatha okufakelwayo, imidlalo yomphakathi;
- isimo sengqondo siyashintsha;
- isidingo sokunakwa, ukukhuthazwa nokuvunywa kwabanye;
- ukuxhashazwa kweminye imizwelo yabantu kanye ne-parasitism yengqondo;
- i-nosophilia (ukungafuni ukubuyiselwa);
- ukuzibheka kanye nokusikisela kwangaphandle;
- ukungabi nentshiseko kanye nezithakazelo, ukungavali muntu.
Ukuxilongwa kuqinisekiswa uma kunezimpawu ezintathu noma ngaphezulu. Nakuba ngaphambi kokuba konke ukuziphatha okungajwayelekile okungavamile kuvezwe njengendlela yokubonisa. Khamuluka, ukuhleka nokukhala, ukukhubazeka, ukuzwa, ukukhathazeka, ukwandisa umsebenzi wezocansi - konke lokhu kwakuyizimpawu zokuthuthukisa izifo. Kuphela kamuva ukuxilongwa kwaqhekeka kwaba yizinhlobo ezinezinto eziningi ezicacile: I-Freud's, somatoform nezinkinga zobuntu.
I-Hysteria kubesifazane - izimpawu
Ubulili obuthakathaka bukhulu ngokomzwelo, ikakhulukazi obuthakathaka bezinzwa kanye nokushintsha kwemizwelo. Kukhona ukuxilongwa okunjalo njengempilo ngaphambi kokuya esikhathini, lapho abesifazane becindezeleka futhi beba nomhlophe futhi becasula. Kodwa lesi sifo sincike esimweni somzimba, kunokungavamile kwengqondo . Kucatshangelwa ukuthi insizwa yowesifazane, ingenye yezinhlobo ze-neurosis futhi ibonakale ekuziphatheni okungenalwazi futhi engakwazi ukulawula imicabango nemisebenzi yabo.
Izibonakaliso eziyinhloko zokubonakaliswa kwemvelo: ukuzicabangela, ukufutheka, isifiso sokuphatha, ukusikisela, ukuzwela okungokwenyama. Ukuphazamiseka kungenzeka empilweni yonke. Ubude bokuhlasela buxhomeke ekunakekeleni ukunakekelwa kwesiguli. Abantu be-hysterical bancike emibonweni yabanye futhi badlala emphakathini.
I-Hysteria emadodeni - izimpawu
Cishe izimpawu ezifanayo kanye nenkambo yesifo kubonakala kubameleli bezocansi ezinamandla. Isiguli sifuna ukuheha ukunakwa okukhulu, kodwa kukhona nokushintsha okunamandla kokuziphatha. Izenzo ezimweni zendabuko azizona ezijwayelekile. I-Hysteria emadodeni inezimpawu ezilandelayo ezithakazelisayo:
- imizwa evamile ishintsha kusuka ekuhlekeni kuya ekulileni;
- ukungaqiniseki "nge-wobble";
- izikhalo zokuntuleka kobuhlungu bomoya kanye nenhliziyo;
- ikhanda;
- ukungabi nokuzwela kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba.
I-Hysteria ezinganeni - izimpawu
Njengomhlobo we-neurosis, ukukhathazeka kwengane kuyisenzakalo esivamile. Kuyabonakala ezinganeni zeminyaka ehlukene, evame ukuhambisana nokuqubuka kwentukuthelo kanye ne-astasia-abasia syndrome, lapho umntwana enqaba ukuhamba futhi ngokungahleliwe uhambisa imilenze nezandla zakhe. Ukwehluleka kungabangela ukucindezeleka, ukukhubazeka, ukukhubazeka okubonakalayo nokubonakalayo. Izingane ezindala zibonisa ukuziphatha kokuziphatha. Iziguli ezincane zisengozini kakhulu, zidinga ukunakwa okukhudlwana, njengokufisa nokugoma. Emvelweni yabanye abantu, ingane ingabonisa ukuziphatha okungalindelekile nokungajwayelekile.
Indlela yokuphulukisa ukudla?
Into eyinhloko ekwelapheni okuphumelelayo kwe- neurosis ye- hysterical ukuhlonza imbangela eyinhloko eyanikeza amandla ekuthuthukiseni ukukhathala kwe-neuropsychiatric. Khona-ke udinga ukuqeda ngokuphelele noma ukunciphisa ukubaluleka. Kubalulekile ukuqonda lokho okuzokwenziwa imizamo yodokotela ngokulandelayo: ukususa izimpawu ezinzima noma ukuxazulula impikiswano yangaphakathi.
Ukuphulwa kwesilinganiso se-psyche akufanele kushiywe ngaphandle kokunakekelwa, kanti lapho kuqala khona ukuphathwa kwe-syndrome kufanele kusetshenziswe ukuze i-neurosis ingangeni esiteji esingapheli. Ukwelashwa kwe-hysteria kwenziwa ngaba psychotherapists. Ngemuva kokutadisha uhlobo lwezinkinga nezimpawu, ukuxoxisana nesiguli nezihlobo, isiguli sinikezwe izikhathi zokwehluleka kwengqondo, futhi ngezinye izikhathi i-hypnosis. I-Psychoanalytic therapy ingashintsha isimo sengqondo sesiguli. Kungenzeka futhi ukwelashwa kwezidakamizwa - ukuthatha izidakamizwa - kodwa azikwazi ukubhekana nokukhathazeka komuntu.
I-Hysteria - ukwelashwa ngamakhambi abantu
Njengoba lesi sifo se-hysteria saziwa kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo, kunezindlela eziningi zabantu zokuziqeda. Kuze kube manje, ziwusizo, ziphumelele futhi zingaba ukwengeza ekwenzeni ukwelashwa okuyinhloko. Ekhaya, isimo sesiguli singasetshenziswa kakhulu ngokusetshenziswa kwamakhambi okugoma: i-valerian, i-mint, i-chamomile, i-lemon balm, i-hops cone infusion. Ukuguliswa kwamagciwane kanye ne-decoctions kunganwetshwa emabhati okugeza. I-jelly yasebukhosini inomphumela omuhle ohlelweni lwezinzwa. Kumele kuthathwe inkambo, nsuku zonke izinsuku ezingu-10, idle isipuni.
I-hysterical syndrome - lesi sifo esibucayi, futhi kubalulekile ukuphatha ukwelashwa kwakhe ngokucophelela. Kubalulekile ukuthatha izidakamizwa kuphela nezithako zekhwalithi, hlala uxhumane nodokotela-psychotherapist. Indlela edidiyelwe yokuqeda inkinga izosiza ukuqeda ukuqina noma ukunciphisa kakhulu ukubonakala kwayo nokunciphisa isimo sesiguli.