I-pneumonia noma i-pneumonia yisifo esiyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu futhi esiyingozi. Kunzima ukukholelwa, kepha ngisho nanamuhla, uma imithi ibonakala ikwazi ukuphulukisa noma yini, abantu baqhubeka befa ngalesi sifo. I-pneumonia etholakale emphakathini ingenye yezinhlobonhlobo zezifo ezidinga ukwelashwa okuphuthumayo nokunamandla.
Izimbangela nezimpawu zepneumonia ezitholakale emphakathini
Wonke umuntu uyazi ukuthi imbangela enkulu ye-pneumonia (kungakhathaliseki uhlobo lwesifo) kuyingozi yegciwane namagciwane. Lezi zincane ezincane zibhekwa ngamandla futhi ikhono lokuvumelanisa nezimo zokuphila ezihlukene. Ama-virus angaphila kalula ngisho nasemzimbeni womuntu, kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo azibonakali ngokwabo. Ingozi abamele kuphela lapho isimiso somzimba sokuvikela izifo nganoma yisiphi isizathu asikwazi ukuvimbela ukukhula nokukhiqiza kwabo.
I-pneumonia etholakale emphakathini ingenye yezinhlobo ze-pneumonia isiguli esithatha ngaphandle kwesibhedlela. Okusho ukuthi umehluko omkhulu wesifo usemvelo, lapho ukutheleleka sekuqale ukuthuthukisa, kubangele. Ngaphandle kokuphuma ngaphandle kwesibhedlela, kunezinye izinhlobo ze-pneumonia:
- I-pneumonia engasosayensi iyatholakala uma izimpawu ze-pneumonia kulesi siguli zibonakala kuphela emva kokuhlala esibhedlela (emva kwezinsuku ezimbili noma ngaphezulu).
- I-pneumonia ye-aspiration - isifo esenzeka ngenxa yokungena emaphashini wezinto zangaphandle (amakhemikhali, izinhlayiya zokudla nabanye).
- Olunye uhlobo lwesifo, olufana kakhulu ne-pneumonia ephakathi kwesokunxele noma elungile, lungumphefumulo we-pneumonia ezigulini ezinamaphutha omzimba omzimba.
Izimpawu eziyinhloko zezinhlobo ezahlukene ze-pneumonia omunye nomunye azifani neze futhi zibukeka kanje:
- ukushisa;
- ukukhwehlela, okunzima ukuphatha;
- umkhuhlane;
- ubuhlungu esifubeni;
- ukhathala okwandayo;
- ukuthuthumela;
- i-pallor;
- sisuka emaphashini .
Ukwelashwa kwe-pneumonia etholakale emphakathini
Ukuxilongwa kokuvuvukala kwamapayipi kungasiza kakhulu ukuhlolwa kwe-radiographic. Lesi sithombe sibonisa ngokucacile izindawo ezimnyama ezithathelwanayo zamaphaphu.
Isimiso sokwelashwa kwesifo se-pneumonia esivela emphakathini, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi siyisimo se-polysergmentary bilateral noma kwesokudla esisezingeni elingaphansi-lobe, sinokubhujiswa kokutheleleka okubangele lesi sifo. Njengoba umkhuba ubonisiwe, izidakamizwa eziqine kakhulu, ama-antibiotics, zingcono kakhulu ukubhekana nalo msebenzi. Kubalulekile ukuba ulungele futhi ukuthi lapho ukwelashwa kunesidingo esibhedlela.
Inkambo yemithi yesiguli ngasinye ikhethwe ngabanye. Ngeshwa, okokuqala ukukhomba ngokuthembekile igciwane elibangela ukuqhuma kwe-pneumonia kunzima kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, ukuqokwa kwe-antibiotic efanelekile okokuqala kunzima kakhulu.
Uhlu lwemithi ephumelela kakhulu yokwelapha i-pneumonia lukhulu kakhulu futhi lubandakanya imithi enjalo:
- I-azithromycin;
- Erythromycin;
- Ceftriaxone;
- I-Spiromycin;
- Rifampicin;
- Ampicillin;
- Amoxicillin ;
- I-Cefaclor;
- Tetracycline;
- I-Ofloxacin nabanye abaningi.
Ama-antibiotics ekwelapheni kwe-pneumonia ephakathi komuntu oyedwa noma emibili ejwayele ukubekwa ngendlela ye-injection ye-intramuscular or intravenous (ikakhulukazi ezinzima). Nakuba ezinye iziguli zifana nezidakamizwa ezibhebheni. Inkambo ejwayelekile yokwelapha kunoma yikuphi okungafanelekile ingadluli amasonto amabili, kodwa ayivunyelwe ukuyiqeda ngaphambi kwesikhathi.
Uma isimo sesiguli singaphuthuki ngemuva kwezinsuku ezimbili ukuya kwezintathu emva kokuqala kokuthatha ama-antibiotiki, futhi izimpawu eziyinhloko ze-pneumonia azidluli, kubalulekile ukukhetha elinye i-antibiotic.