Umbuzo wokuthi ungakhetha kanjani ikhambi lokukhwehlela eliphumelelayo lezingane ngokushesha noma kamuva livela kubo bonke abazali. Ufuna ukulahla ingane kusuka epasm ngokushesha, kodwa ngaphambi kokuthenga umuthi, kufanele uqonde umsuka wesifo. Okungukuthi, ngaphambi kokuya ekhemisi, kufanele njalo uthintane nodokotela wezingane futhi, uma kunesidingo, uhlole ucwaningo.
Kungani ingane ikhwehlela?
Isikhumba yisimpawu. Ngosizo lwezinselele, umzimba uzama ukusula iphethri yokuphefumula ne-bronchi kusuka ekuthandeni okuhlukahlukene. Impendulo ekhwehlela ephumelelayo yabantwana ingahle idingeke ukuthi ixazulule izinkinga zazo zonke izinhlobo ezikhona. Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko zokuphefumula kokukhwehlela: ezomzimba nezokugula. Lezi zinsuku zibhekwa ezifweni eziningi ezisezingeni eliphezulu nokuphefumula:
- I-ARVI ;
- i-sinusitis;
- i-angina;
- i-laryngitis;
- i-tracheitis;
- i-pharyngitis;
- i-rhinitis;
- i-bronchitis ;
- i-pneumonia.
Ukukhwehlela ngokomzimba kubhekwa njengokujwayelekile ekuphileni kwansuku zonke komntwana. Ngenxa yeziphephelo ezinjalo, ukukhishwa kwemimoya kukhishwa ku-sputum nasezintweni ezihlukahlukene zangaphandle. Ikhambi eliphumelelayo lokukhwehlela komzimba kubantwana ukuthi akukho sidingo sokuthatha, ngoba, njengombuso, yisikhathi esifushane, asihambisani nanoma yimiphi enye izimpawu futhi sidlula ngokwayo. Konke abazali okudingeka bakwenze ukuqapha isimo somntwana futhi njalo balinganise izinga lokushisa.
Kunezinye izimbangela zokukhwehlela kwengane. Phakathi kwabo:
- ukuhlukunyezwa;
- izifo zesigcawu sesisu;
- izifo ezinambuzane (ezinye izinhlobo zezibungu ziyakwazi ukungena emgodini wokuphefumula futhi zivuse ukuhlaselwa komkhuhlane owomile kakhulu);
- i-hyperreactivity ye-bronchi;
- izinto zangaphandle endaweni yokuphefumula.
Yini engayiphilisa ukukhwehlela kwengane?
Uma inkinga iqhubeka izinsuku eziningana, kufanele nakanjani uthintane nochwepheshe. Udokotela wezingane uzokwazisa ukuthi ungakwazi ukukhwehlela umntwana, umntwana osekhulile, umntwana omdala. Ngaphambi komhlangano nodokotela, abazali bangathatha izinyathelo ezilandelayo:
- Ikhambi lokukhwehlela eliphumelela kunazo zonke ezinganeni, umoya omusha, ngoba ekamelweni lapho umntwana ehlala khona, udinga ukudala isimo sezulu esifanele - epholile nangomanzi. I-house steam humidifier izosiza kulokhu.
- Uma umntwana ekhwehlela, kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo akanalo umkhuhlane, kubalulekile ukuhamba naye emgwaqweni. Lokhu kuzofaka isandla ekwenzeni umoya wokuphefumula.
- Ukunciphisa i-viscosity ye-sputum nokusheshisa inqubo yokuthola kabusha kusizwa isiphuzo esiningi.
Isiraphu yokudla yezingane
Uhlu lwezingubo zokukhwehlela zezingane lungcono. Iningi labahlengikazi bayavuma ukuthi isiraphu yokukhwehlela izingane iyinombolo yekhambi eliphumelelayo. Izidakamizwa ngendlela yamafutha ngokuvamile zikhazimulayo, zithandeka ukunambitheka, ngoba izingane zingaba lula ukuzincoma ukuba zithathe. Yonke imithi ihlukaniswe ngamaqembu amathathu amakhulu:
- I-Antitussive. Ukusebenza ngokuqondile esikhungweni sokukhwehlela, esisebuchosheni. Bavimbela i-reflex yokukhwehlela.
- I-Mucolytics. Kuhloswe ukuqubuka kwe-mucus.
- Ama-expectorants. Nciphisa i-viscosity ye-sputum, ethinta isisu. Umsebenzi oyinhloko kuleli qembu ukuhlanza i-bronchi.
I-syrups ethandwa kakhulu:
- Ambrogen;
- I-Travisil;
- Herbion;
- UDkt Theiss;
- I-Fluidite;
- Umama odokotela;
- I-Sinecod;
- I-Alteika.
Amathebulethi wezingane ukukhwehlela
Amaphilisi ayindlela yokuphefumula ephumelelayo yabantwana. Kudingeka ukhethe iphilisi kuye ngokuthi ukukhwehlela kwengane kunzima - kuyomile noma kumanzi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kubalulekile ukucabangela isimo nemvelaphi yesifo esithintekayo. Muva nje, ukuhlanganiswa kwamaphilisi e-antitussive kuye kwagcwaliswa "ngama-pops". Izidakamizwa ezinjalo zokukhwehlela izingane zibhekwa njengeziphumelela kakhulu, ziyamnandi ukunambitheka futhi zahlakazeka ngokuphelele emanzini. Noma kunjalo, izingane ezineminyaka engama-3 ubudala ziphikisana.
Ezikhathini eziningi, odokotela bezingane bafuna usizo ngemithi enjalo:
- I-Terpincodu;
- I-Tusuprexu;
- Libexin;
- Omnitus;
- Ambroxol;
- I-Bromhexine;
- I-Ascoril.
Isikhukhula sehlela izingane
Ungathola imithi yalolu hlobo namuhla kunoma iyiphi ikhemisi. Amaconsi aphumelelayo futhi akhululekile umuthi wokukhwehlela wezingane. Inzuzo enkulu ukuthi zingancibilika kunoma yikuphi uketshezi noma kwengezwe ekudleni. Ingane ngeke ibone ukuthi unikezwe izidakamizwa, futhi ngeke ihambe, futhi kubazali abaningi bavumelane nengane mayelana nokuphathwa - inkinga enkulu enkulu.
Okulandelayo kukhona okunconywayo:
- IBronchipret;
- I-Sinecod;
- I-Stoptussin;
- I-Bronhosan;
- amaconsi e-thoracic.
Amakhambi omphakathi wokukhwehlela izingane
Kunezindlela eziningi ezingezona zendabuko zokulwa nokukhwehlela. Iningi labo liphumelela futhi alilimazi umzimba womntwana. Ngaphezu kwalokho, nokuthi ukwelashwa okuphumelelayo kokukhwehlela ezinganeni ezinamakhemikhali abantu kuyatholakala emindenini yemali ehlukene. Thatha, isibonelo, ukwelashwa usawoti. Konke okudingekayo kulezinqubo - izinkezo ezimbalwa zolwandle usawoti, zichithe ngamanzi afudumele. Beka amathoyizi esixazululweni bese uvumela izingane ukuba zidlale nabo isikhathi sehora. Amafutha okusawoti ahlanza imimoya yomoya futhi aqinise isimiso somzimba sokuzivikela, okuholela ekutholeni ngokushesha.
Ikhambi eliqhamukayo lokukhwehlela eliphumelelayo lezingane yijusi le-black radish neju. Ukulungisa imithi enjalo kulula: nqamula impande kusuka empandeni bese uhlanza phakathi. Esikhathini indebe esilandelayo ukuze uju othunywe phezulu (noma uthele ushukela). Vala isithombo bese uvumele uqhubeke ubusuku. Ekuseni ijusi lizoqoqwa indebe. Udinga ukuyipha isipuni kathathu ngosuku.
Ikhambi lokukhwehlela ephumelela kunazo zonke ezinganeni esiteji sokuthuthukiswa kwesifo i-potato inhalation. Abazali kufanele bapheke izitshalo ezimbalwa ezimpande - kungcono ukupheka amazambane ngunifomu - bese ubeka ubhodlela phansi. Ingane idinga ukugoba phezu kwesitsha, kusukela phezulu ihlanganiswe nesembozo esincane. Impumu evuthayo yenza kahle emaphashini futhi ikhuthaze ukuhamba okusheshayo kwe-phlegm.
Izindlela zokwelapha ezingcono kakhulu
Ingane ngayinye isizwa izidakamizwa zakhe. Ukuzikhethela kuxhomeke ekuqaliseni ukukhwehlela, izifo ezithintekayo, ubudala, impilo ejwayelekile kanye nokuzivikela. Kunconywa imithi yokuxhumanisa nabahlengikazi. Ukukhwehlela okungcono kakhulu kwezingane akubi kakhulu. Imithi eminye isigaba senani lentengo elingabizi, kodwa liphumelela futhi liphephile impilo yezingane.
Ukusebenza ngokumelene nokukhwehlela owomile kubantwana
Izingane zanoma iyiphi iminyaka kufanele zikhethwe ngokucophelela, kodwa ngokucophelela okukhethekile kufanele zikhethe izidakamizwa ezinganeni ezingaphansi kweminyaka emibili. Kule minyaka ayesazi kanjani ukuxosha, ngakho-ke ngaphambi kokuqala ukwelapha, thintana nodokotela wezingane. Izindlela ezingcono kakhulu zokukhwehlela owomile, ezimweni eziningi, zikhethwa ohlwini lwalawo mithi:
- I-Sinecod ;
- I-Lazolvan;
- Libexin;
- Udokotela Theiss.
Ikhambi eliphumelelayo lokukhwehlela okumanzi izingane
Ingane kuze kube yilapho ingcono ukuthenga ama-syrups. Izingane ezindala ziyasondela ngezindlela ezehlukene zemithi. Ukukhwehlela okumanzi akukwazi ukuphathwa nge-mucolytics. Ukulwa nale nkinga, izidakamizwa ezivela eqenjini le-expectorant kufanele zisetshenziswe. Izindlela ezinhle kakhulu zokukhwehlela okumanzi:
- Mukaltin;
- I-Prospan ;
- I-Alteika;
- I-Gedelix;
- Herbion;
- Ambrogen;
- I-Ascoril;
- Isiraphu ye-althea;
- Ambroxol;
Kusho zonke izinhlobo zokukhwehlela izingane
Imithi yonke iyasiza ukulwa nokukhwehlela kwemvelaphi ehlukile. Uma imbangela ye-spasms iyinhlangano yokungezwani, isibonelo, abazali abakwazi ukwenza ngaphandle kwama-antihistamine - uLorano, Suprastin, uLoratidine nabanye. Ngenkinga yokuvela kwamabhaktheriya, ama-antibiotic ayodingeka. Abafaneleke kakhulu baqokwa odokotela bezingane, kuye ngokuthi i-pathogen eye yachaphazela umzimba wezingane.
Lapho ukukhwehlela kwengane kungashiyi, ochwepheshe bakhetha ukwelashwa okuphumelelayo kulezi zidakamizwa:
- I-ATSTS;
- Umama odokotela;
- IBroncholitin;
- I-Falimint;
- I-Bromhexine;
- I-Stoptussin (ivunyelwe kuphela kusukela eminyakeni engu-12);
- I-Fulpen;
- I-Bisolvon;
- Flegamin.