Isikhathi lapho umntwana ebhekwa njengengane esanda kuzalwa yizinsuku zokuqala ezingu-28 zokuphila kwakhe. Lesi sikhathi asikhethiwe ngengozi, ngoba ngenyanga yokuqala empilweni yengane kukhona izinguquko ezikhawulwayo. Ake sithole ukuthi yiziphi izici zenkathi esanda kuzalwa, nokuthi ingane iqala kanjani ngalesi sikhathi.
Izici ezijwayelekile zesikhathi sokubeletha
Ingane eyavela esibelethweni sikamama, ayikwazi konke ukuhlukahluka kwezwe elizungezile, elihlangana nalo. Unemibono embalwa nje, ekhomba umsebenzi oholayo ngesikhathi sokuzalwa.
- Imingcele yemvelo yengane esanda kuzalwa ishukunyiswa kakhulu ukuthi wazalwa ngokugcwele noma ngaphambi kwesikhathi . Ukuphakama nesisindo somntwana ogcwele isikhathi esigcwele ngesikhathi sokuzalwa kuhluka kusuka ku 47 kuya ku-54 cm futhi kusuka ku-2.5 kuya ku-4.5 kg, ngokulandelana. Ezinsukwini zokuqala ezingu-5, izinsana zilahlekelwa isisindo kuya ku-10%; lokhu kuthiwa ukulahlekelwa kwesisindo somzimba, okuzobuyiselwa maduzane. I-parameter yezingane ezingakafiki zisuke zixhomeke ngokuqondile ngesonto lokukhulelwa ezazalwa.
- Zonke izinsana zine-reflex, i-grasping, motor and search reflex, kanye nabanye. Imvelo ibanikeze ngendlela ehlukile yokuzivikela esiza ukusinda uma kwenzeka ingozi.
- Isikhundla somzimba wengane phakathi nenyanga yokuqala isalokhu sifana nesisu esibelethweni sikamama: izitho zigobile futhi zigxiliwe esiqu, imisipha ikhona ku-tonus. Le-hypertension iya kancane kancane kuya ezinyangeni ezingu-2-3.
- Ezinsukwini ezingu-1-2 ukusuka emathunjini wezingane ezisanda kuzalwa kunikezwa udoti lokuqala, i-meconium. Khona-ke isihlalo siba "sesiphambano", futhi ekupheleni kweviki lokuqala lijwayelekile futhi liphenduka "elimnandi", elinesici esiphunga elimnandi. Ukuvama kokuhamba kwamathumbu kufana nokulingana nemvamisa yokudla. Umntanami unamanzi ngesikhathi sokuzalwa kusukela izikhathi ezingu-15 kuya kwezi-20 ngosuku.
- Isidingo sokulala ezinsukwini zokuqala ezingu-28 siphakeme kakhulu, izingane zingalala amahora angama-20 kuya kwangu-22 ngosuku. Mayelana nokudla, ukudla okuyinhloko ku
okufanelekile ukukhonza ubisi lomama ngemali ingane eyinquma yona. Lapho ukondla, isidingo soketshezi sinikezwa nobisi.
Ngokuqondene nezici ezingokwengqondo zesikhathi sokubeletha, inkomba yayo eyinhloko yinkinga yomzimba nonina. Kuyinto engokwemvelo, futhi nokulondolozwa kokuxhumana kwezinto eziphilayo nezengqondo kudlula kalula futhi ngaphandle kwezinkinga.
Ngemuva kwenyanga, ingane iqala ukukhombisa ukuvuselela imvuselelo - ukufisa ukukhulumisana, ukumomotheka, ukuhamba-okubhekwa njengengumgomo oyinhloko ekushintsheni kusukela usana usana usana.