Utamatisi ungenye yezitshalo ezivame kakhulu zokulima ezitshalwe ezindaweni zethu zasemakhaya nasezindaweni zasemadolobheni. Ubani owala ukudla izithelo ezinomsoco ezinomsoco ezikhule ngokwayo, imibhede ehlwanyelwe ngokucophelela? Yiqiniso, i-utamatisi ayinakubizwa ngokuthi i-undemanding yokunakekela imifino. Ngaphezu kwalokho, emibhedeni ngamatamatisi ngokuvamile kunenkathazo ehlukahlukene: izitshalo zingaphansi kwezifo ezihlukahlukene, okuyizinto ezibuthakathaka utamatisi futhi kunciphise kakhulu isivuno, noma ngisho nokuholela ekufeni. Isiyingozi kakhulu isifo se-fungal, njenge-phytophthora. Ukuvame ukuvame kakhulu ngemva kwemvula ende, i-phytophthora ithinta amaqabunga, isiqu futhi idlula esitshalweni, siwafaka ngezindawo ezimnyama. Ngenxa yalokho, ngisho nokuvunwa okuvuthiwe akusho ukuwohloka futhi kuba okungafanelekile ukusetshenziswa. Ukulungisa lesi simo, sizokutshela ngamakhambi ayisishiyagalombili athandwayo avela ku-phytophthora kumatamatisi.
Indlela yokuphatha utamatisi kusuka phytophthora?
Ukwelapha ngesisombululo somlotha
Ikhambi eliphumelelayo le-phytophthora libhekwa njengophulafaza utamatisi oluhlaza kanye nesisombululo somlotha. Abalimi abanokuhlangenwe nakho batusa ukuthi le nqubo isetshenziswe njengesifo se-prophylaxis kathathu ngenkathi: emva kokutshala izithombo, ngaphambi kokuba ziqhume futhi emva kokubonakala kwe-ovary ezitshalweni. Isixazululo silungiswa kusuka ebhakedeni lamanzi, sichitha kuwo ibhakede lesigamu somlotha. Yimela ikhambi mayelana nezinsuku ezintathu. Ungaphinda ufafaze amahlumela ngomlotha .
Ukwelashwa ngesisombululo sobisi ne-iodine
Abanikazi abaningi "bamahektare ayisithupha" bakhuluma ngokuzethemba mayelana nokusebenzisa ukupuniza isisombululo sebisi kanye ne-iodine kusuka ku-phytophthora ku-utamatisi. Ilungiselelwa ngokuqedwa ngamalitha angu-10 wamanzi 15-20 amaconsi e-iodine nelitha elilodwa lobisi, okungcono amafutha aphansi.
I-Serum Treatment
Kungenzeka ukucubungula utamatisi ovela ku-phytophthora nobisi obisi, okumele buhlanjululwe ngamanzi ngesilinganiso se-1: 1. Ngo-Julayi, noma nini kungenzeka, izitshalo ezincane zifakwe ngendlela enjalo njalo ngosuku.
Ukwelashwa ngesisombululo se-potassium permanganate
Okudumile phakathi kwamakhambi abantu ukuvikela utamatisi kusuka phytophthora ukwelashwa imbewu ngesisombululo potassium permanganate ngaphambi kokutshala. Iqiniso liwukuthi ngezinye izikhathi impahla yokutshala iphethwe yizinhlamvu ze-fungal. Njengoba izitshalo zikhula, i-phytophthora ivela. Kodwa-ke, ukufaka imbewu ngesikhathi esixazululweni se-potassium permanganate (1 g yemithi ngamalitha angu-10 amanzi) kuzosiza ukususa lesi sifo.
Ukwelapha nge ukumnika kwegalikhi
Phakathi kwamakhambi ekhaya for phytophthora, ungazama ukufafaza utamatisi izithombo nge tincture of garlic. Okokuqala, ku-grinder inyama noma i-blender, i-100 g ye-denticles nemicibisholo yegalikhi iyachotshozwa, ngemva kwalokho i-200 g yamanzi ithululelwa phezu kwe-gruel. Isixazululo esinjalo sishicilelwe amahora angu-24. Khona-ke kufanele ihlungwe nge-gauze bese ihlanjululwe ngamalitha angu-10 amanzi. Ngendlela, i-1 g ye-potassium permanganate ingabuye yengezwe ekulungiseni okulungiselelwe.
Ukwelashwa nesisombululo se-Trichopol
Kuyaziwa ukuthi i-trichopolum iyinto enhle kakhulu yokulwa nezifo ezihlukahlukene ezibangelwa yizinhlamvu zefungi. Yingakho abalimi abaningi batusa ukuthi uma uthola i-phytophthors, zama ukupomza utamatisi ngesisombululo semithi.
Ukwelashwa kwe-mullein ukumnika
Akusikho okubi okufakazela enye yezindlela zabantu ezivela ku-phytophthora ku-utamatisi. Labo abanikazi beziqephu abahlala ezindaweni zasemaphandleni bangazama isisombululo se-mullein (umquba) omusha. I-500 g yomanyolo kufanele ihlanjululwe ebhakede lamanzi. Lokhu kusho ukubheja imibhede kabili ngoJuni.
Ukwelashwa ngesisombululo se-calcium chloride
Uma izitshalo zithinteka kakhulu yi-phytophthora, zama ukulondoloza imifino ngokuphalaza ngesisombululo se-calcium chloride. Ilungiselelwa ngokuxuba 2 l amanzi ngamanzi angama-ampule.