Kusukela ekuqothulweni komhlaba ngaphambi kokutshala izithombo, ukukhula kwezitshalo kuncike ekuvuneni esikhathini esizayo. Ngakho-ke, abalimi abanolwazi abanolwazi banikeza lolu daba ukunakwa okukhulu.
Indlela yokuqothula umhlaba ngaphambi kokutshala izithombo?
Kunezindlela eziningi zokukhipha amagciwane ngezwe ngenxa yezithombo, okudumile kunawo wonke:
- Inhlabathi eningi ekhungathekile futhi ekhanda. Le ndlela iqukethe okulandelayo. Isaka noma isitsha esinenhlabathi ngokuqala kweqhwa lasebusika kufakwa ngaphandle (ebhaleni noma kwelinye igumbi). Ngemuva kokuba inhlabathi ikhululeke kahle, ifakwa ekamelweni elifudumele izinsuku ezingu-7-10. Ezingeni lokushisa, izinambuzane ziyovuka futhi imbewu yokhula izoqala ukuhluma. Khona-ke isitsha nomhlaba siphinde sithwalwe iqhwa futhi sigcinwe emakhazeni. Ngemva kwesikhashana, inhlabathi iphinde ibekwe ekushiseni, bese iphinda ibe seqhwa. Le ndlela iphumelela kakhulu, kodwa ayikwazi ukubhekana nezifo ezinzulu ezifana nokulimala kokuphuza kanye ne-keel.
- Ukuqhuma kwenhlabathi. Le nqubo iqhutshwa ngendlela ehlelekile e-colander, ehlanganiswe ngendwangu, ithululelwe kuyo nge-primer iphinde ibekwe phezu kwamanzi abilayo. Ngaphezulu kwekhava le-colander nge-lid bese uligcina ekushiseni okuphansi emaminithini angu-20-30. Kukhona inzalo yomhlabathi kanye nokubhujiswa kwama-virus. Okungalungile ukuthi izilwane eziwusizo nazo ziyafa.
- Ukubalwa kwenhlabathi kuhhavini. Umhlaba omanzi ungqimba wezingu-5 cm uchitheka etsheni lensimbi futhi uphuthunyiswe kuhhavini uphethwe ku-70-90 ° C.
- Ukusuka emhlabathini. Ngalendlela, inhlabathi ifakwa emanzini okugcoba noma okubhaka futhi igxile ekwenzeni ukushisa ekushiseni kuka 90-100 ° C. Ngemuva kokuba umhlabathi uphansi, uchithelwa kwifilimu noma ephepheni elinezingqimba ezingu-10 bese uvumela ukuba ligcwele umoya. Lokhu kuzokwenza kube lula ukuthola umhlaba onesakhiwo esithuthukisiwe.
- Ukwelashwa komhlaba ngaphambi kokutshala izithombo nge phytosporin. Lesi sidakamizwa siphumelele kakhulu ngokubhekene nezifo eziningana zebhaktheriya nezifungane. Ukuze usebenzise, lungiselela isisombululo ngesilinganiso se-isipuni esingu-1 ngamalitha angu-10 amanzi ngalunye i-sq.m.
Unganisela kanjani umhlabathi ngaphambi kokutshala izithombo?
Ground ngaphambi kokutshala izithombo zivame ukuchitheka:
- fungicide, isibonelo, isisekelo;
- isisombululo se-1% se-potassium permanganate;
- Isixazululo se-Aktar;
- amanzi amanzi abilayo nokubekwa okulandelayo ngemuva kweqhwa.
Ukuqaliswa kahle kokunqunywa kwenhlabathi yezithombo kuzokusiza ukubhubhisa amabhaktheriya we-pathogenic nezinambuzane ezincane, amaqanda ezinambuzane ezinambuzane, kuzoba ukuvimbela ukuhlukunyezwa kwezithombo nge- stem emnyama .