Akekho umzali ongakwazi ukuvikela ngokuphelele izingane zakhe kuzo zonke izinhlobo zezifo, kodwa bonke abazali banganciphisa kakhulu amathuba okuba kwenzeke. Kulokhu, umkhuba wokugoma usetshenziswe iminyaka eminingi. Amagciwane enza, njengomthetho, kuphela ezifweni ezanda kakhulu nezingozi. Isibonelo, ukugonywa kwe-DTP kuvikela izifo ezifana ne-pertussis, i-tetanus ne-diphtheria. Lezi zifo zinzima ezinganeni futhi ziyingozi ezinkingeni. Ngomuthi wokuvikela i-DTP, igciwane elibuthakathaka lingena emzimbeni wengane, lapho amasosha omzimba amaningi angabhekana khona kalula futhi esikhathini esizayo, lapho imvelo ibhekene nengozi yangempela, izokwazi ukuphikisa i-agent ye-causative yesifo, esivele isijwayele. Omama abaningi besaba ukwenza le inoculation, ngoba ngokuvamile kubangele ukucindezeleka, futhi kuyigciwane lokuqala elibi kakhulu ekuphileni komntwana.
Ukugoma kwe-DTP kwenzeka ngezigaba ezine. Ukugonywa kokuqala kwenziwa ezinyangeni ezimbili noma ezintathu, okwesibini akuyona inyanga, inyanga yesithathu kuya kwezinyanga ezimbili, kanti yesine ngonyaka owodwa emva kwesithathu. Imishanguzo yasekhaya yaseDTP ingasetshenziswa kuphela izingane ezingaphansi kweminyaka emine. Uma ingane ingagcwalanga inkambo yokugoma i-DTP eminyakeni emine, imishanguzo ye-ADS isetshenziselwa izingane ezingaphansi kweminyaka eyisithupha. Imishanguzo ye-DTP yangaphandle ayinayo imingcele yobudala.
Ukulungiswa okukhethekile kokugoma nge-DTP akudingeki, ngaphandle uma ingane ijwayele ukubhekana nokugula.
Izinkinga ezingenzeka kanye nemiphumela emva kokugoma kwe-DTP
Ukugoma kwe-DTP, njengawo wonke amanye, kuhlotshaniswa nokwakhiwa kabusha kwesimiso somzimba sokuzivikela kanye nokubonakaliswa kwemiphumela emibi emincane, ngemuva kokusebenza kwayo, kuthathwa njengokujwayelekile. Nakuba ezimweni eziningi, imishanguzo yanamuhla ayibangeli imiphumela emibi futhi ingakhathazeki ingane nganoma iyiphi indlela. Kumele uqaphele ukuthi imishanguzo ephephile ayikho, ngakho-ke kungenzeka amathuba amancane ezinkinga ngisho nokusetshenziswa kwemithi yesimanje kakhulu.
Ukusabela kokuqala okungatholakala ngemuva kokugonywa kwe-DPT kuyinhlama nokubomvu noma ukuqhuma kwendawo yomjovo. Ukubomvu kungafinyelela ku-8 cm ububanzi. Ukuvuvukala okuncane emva kokugoma kwe-DTP kuthathwa njengokubonakaliswa okuvame kakhulu. Kubonakala masinyane emva kokujola futhi iphikelela izinsuku ezingu-2-3. Futhi, emva kwe-DTP ukushisa kwengane kungase kuphakame, kokubili okuphansi (37.8 ° C) nokuphakama (kufika ku-40 ° C), konke kuxhomeke ekutheni izinga lokuphendula komzimba ku-inoculation. Ezinsukwini ezintathu zokuqala, ubuhlungu endaweni yokuvuvukala, okuqhubekayo izinsuku ezimbili, kungenzeka.
Ukusabela okungenzeka ku-DTP yokugoma:
- Ukusabela okungahambi kahle . Ukushisa kwengane, kulokhu akudluli ku-37.5 ° C, futhi kukhona ukuwohloka okuncane esimweni sonke.
- Ukusabela okuphakathi . Ngalokhu kuphendula, izinga lokushisa alidluli ku-38.5 ° C.
- Ukusabela okunamandla . Isimo esijwayelekile somntwana sikhathele kakhulu, izinga lokushisa lidlula u-38.5 ° C.
Futhi, izinga lokushisa lingahambisana nemiphumela emibi njengokwephulwa kwesifiso, ukuhlanza, isifo sohudo. Kwezinye izimo, ngemuva kwe-DPT inoculation, ukuhlaselwa ukukhwehlela kubonakala,
Ngokuvamile, konke ukusabela okubi akupheli izinsuku ezimbili noma ezintathu, ngakho-ke uma kukhona isifo esihlala isikhathi eside, kufanele ubheke ezinye izizathu zalokho okukhona. Ukuze ungenzi ukudideka phakathi kokubhekana nokugoma nokudla, akukhuthazwa ukwethula ukukhishwa okusha ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ngaphambi nangemva kokugoma.
Kumele uqaphele ukuthi, naphezu kokuba nemiphumela emibi, i-inoculation ye-DTP kufanele yenziwe, njengoba imiphumela ye-pertussis, i-tetanus noma i-diphtheria ivame kakhulu.