Njengomthetho, wonke owesifazane, evakashela ihhovisi le-diagnostic perinatal, uxwayiswa kusengaphambili ukuthi luhlobo luni locwaningo okufanele alubheke ngalo. Nokho, akubona wonke umuntu owazi ukuthi la magama asho ukuthini. Ake siwahlole ngokuningiliziwe.
Ngakho-ke, ngezindlela ezingavamile udokotela ngosizo lwamathuluzi akhethekile angene emgodleni wesibalo sampula ye-biomaterial futhi uyithumela ucwaningo oluqhubekayo. Ngakho-ke, okungenasidingo, ngokuphambene, - ukuxilongwa akubandakanyi "ukuhlasela" kwezitho zokuzala. Yilezi zindlela ezivame ukusetshenziselwa lapho kusungulwa i-pathologies yokukhulelwa. Lokhu kuyingxenye ngenxa yokuthi izindlela ezingavamile zithinta i-qualification ephakeme yesazi. lapho benza ingozi enkulu yokulimala kwezitho zokuzala noma ingane.
Yini ephathelene nezindlela ezingekho ezingenasidingo zokuxilongwa nge-perinatal?
Ngaphansi kwalolu hlobo lokutadisha, njengomthetho, qonda ukuziphatha kokuhlolwa okubizwa okuthiwa ukuhlola. Zihlanganisa izigaba ezimbili: ukuhlolwa kwe-ultrasound nokuhlaziywa kwezinto eziphilayo zezingxenye zegazi.
Uma sikhuluma nge-ultrasound njengesivivinyo sokuhlola, isikhathi esikahle kuye amasonto angu-11-13 wokukhulelwa. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukunakwa kodokotela kudonseleka kumingcele enjalo njenge-KTP (usayizi we-coccygeal-parietal) kanye ne-TVP (ubukhulu besikhala sekhalenda). Kungukuhlaziya izindinganiso zalezi zici ezimbili ukuthi ochwepheshe abanezinga eliphakeme lokungenzeka bangacabanga ukuthi kukhona i-chromosomal pathologies enganeni.
Uma ukusola okunjalo kukhona, owesifazane unikezwa ukuhlola igazi kwegazi. Kulesi sifundo, ukuhlushwa kwezinto ezinjengePAPP-A (amaprotheni ahlobene nokukhulelwa a-A) kanye ne-subunit yamahhala ye-chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) kulinganiswa.
Iyini isizathu sokuxilongwa okungahambi kahle?
Njengomthetho, lolu hlobo locwaningo lwenziwa ukuze kuqinisekiswe idatha ekhona kusukela ekuhloleni kwangaphambilini. Ngokuyinhloko, lezi yizimo lapho ingane isengozini eyengeziwe yokuthuthukisa ukungavamile kwe-chromosomal, isibonelo, lokhu kuvame ukuphawula uma:
- ukukhulelwa kwesikhathi eside (unyaka womama ozayo ungaphezu kweminyaka engama-35);
- ukuhlala emndenini wengane enezinkinga ezifanayo;
- lapho emndenini umthwali we-chromosomal pathology wembula;
- idluliselwe ngesikhathi sokubeletha kwesisu sesifo sofuba, i-rubella, i-toxoplasmosis;
- ukuba khona ku-anamnesis kokukhishwa kwezikhwama ezimbili nokunye okuningi.
Izindlela ezisetshenziselwa ukuxilongwa ezingavamile ziyi- chorionic villus biopsy ne- amniocentesis. Esikhathini sokuqala, ukuxilongwa esibelethweni, ngosizo lensimbi ekhethekile, ucezu lwezicubu ze-chorionic kuthathwa, kanti okwesibili -
Ukuphathwa okunjalo kuqhutshwa njalo ngaphansi kokulawulwa komshini we-ultrasound. Njengomthetho, ukuqokwa kwezimo ezingavamile zokuxilongwa kwe-perinatal, kubalulekile ukuthi ube nemiphumela emihle kusuka ekuhlolweni kokuhlola kwangaphambilini.
Ngakho-ke, njengoba kubonakala kulesi sihloko, izindlela zokuhlola okubhekwa yi-perinatal zibhekwa zihambisana. Noma kunjalo, okusetshenziselwa kakhulu akuyona into engavamile; banengozi encane yokuhlukunyezwa futhi bavumele amathuba aphezulu okuthatha isifo se-chromosomal esikhathini esizayo.