Ukunakekelwa kwegundane - kungcono kanjani ukukhathalela ukuthola umphumela omuhle kakhulu?

Ukuqinisekisa ukuthi emaphandleni uhlaza oluhlaza luyamnandi, ukunakekelwa komtshani kudingeke kwenziwe ngendlela ehlelekile. Imisebenzi enjalo izosiza ukwandisa ukuvuthwa kwamanzi kanye namanzi omhlabathi, ukudla okunomsoco wezimpande zokhula, ukuvimbela ukutheleleka kwefungal, ukuphuma kwamanzi, ukukhula kwe-moss kanye nokhula futhi unike isayithi ukubukeka kahle.

Indlela yokunakekela utshani?

Ukunakekelwa okunamandla kwamagatsha aluhlaza avamile kuhlanganisa:

• ukuhlwanyela utshani;
• i-aeration;
• ukuphuzisa;
• Ukucubungulwa kwe-Edge;
• ukulinganisa okuphezulu;
• ukulwa nomsila, ukhula, izinambuzane.

Ukuze uthole i-patch ebushelelezi, ebanzi futhi eluhlaza, ukunakekela izitshalo zakho ezintshani kufanele kuhlelwe ngokufanele. Nganoma yisiphi isikhathi sonyaka, utshani ludinga ukunakekelwa. Ngisho nasenkathini ebandayo, kufanele uphathe ngokucophelela isayithi, uphuphule ngeqhwa - kancane ukuhamba kuyo, ungalali ngenkathi uhlanza amathrekhi. Kukhona izinto eziyinkimbinkimbi zemisebenzi edingekayo entwasahlobo, ebusika, ehlobo nasekwindla.

Ukunakekelwa kwegundane entwasahlobo

Ukunakekelwa kwentwasahlobo kwetshani kudinga ukunakwa okwengeziwe. Njengoba ubuchwepheshe obufanele bukhona phakathi nalesi sikhathi, ukuthuthukiswa okujwayelekile nokukhula kotshani kulo lonke isizini kuqinisekisiwe. Bazokwenzani ngentwasahlobo ukunakekelwa entwasahlobo:

1. I-Saddle ihlanganisa. Ngemuva kweqhwa futhi i-upper tier yomhlaba iyoma, amahlamvu kanye nodoti bahlanzwa yi-fan rakes ezinkombandlelwaneni ezilandelanayo.
2. Aeration. Kuqhutshwa ukuthuthukiswa okusheshayo kwezimpande, kukhulisa uhlaka olungenhla lomhlabathi nge-oksijini futhi kunikeza ukufinyelela okuhle kakhulu kokuswakama nomanyolo ezitshalweni. Ukuze wenze lokhu, izinsuku ezimbili ziphuzisa utshani ngokukhululekile bese zenza ama-punctures ngokujula kwama-8-10 cm ku-sod ungqimba.
3. Ukugqoka okuphezulu. Esikhathini sama-spring fertilizer asetshenziswe nge-nitrogen asetshenziswa. Ivuselela ukukhula kokukhula okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.
4. Ukwelapha. Emoyeni amanzi, izifo ze-fungal zingavela ematsheni, isibonelo, i-fusariosis, i-powdery isikhutha noma isikhunta. Uma i-foci isitholwa, ifakwe kathathu ngezifungicide.
5. Seeding of utshani utshani. Emasiteshini anezindawo eziphuzi noma ama-glades akhiqiza ukuhlwanyela utshani.
6. Izinwele. I-haircut yokuqala yenziwa lapho utshani bukhula ngo-10 cm. Ukuphakama kwenhlabathi emva kwenqubo kufanele kube ngu-5-6 cm. Ukutshala okulandelayo kuqhutshwa izikhathi ezimbili ngenyanga, ukuphakama kwenhlabathi kunganciphisa kuya ku-3-4 cm. Hlasha utshani enotshani obomile, amaqabunga aluhlaza asuswe.

Ukunakekelwa kwegundane ehlobo

Uma ukunakekelwa kwentwasahlobo okwenziwe entwasahlobo kwenziwa ngendlela efanele, ihlobo lomsebenzi lizoba ngaphansi. Imisebenzi eyinhloko - ukunqunywa izinwele nokuphuza, ukugqoka okungaphezulu - okuphezulu nokugubha imiphetho. Indlela yokunakekela kahle utshani ehlobo:

1. Ukunisela nokukhanda izinwele. Ehlobo, ukuchelela kwenziwa 3-4 izikhathi ngesonto (esimweni esishisayo - kaningi), hlala izikhathi ezimbili ngenyanga.
2. Ukugqoka okuphezulu. Kuthathwe ngosizo lwezinyosi eziyinkimbinkimbi ezine-nitrogen eziqukethe.
3. Ukunciphisa imiphetho. Imigqa eqondile yemingcele yensimbi efakwe ngentambo noma ebhodini, i-wavy - nge-hose. Khona-ke inqenqemeni elibukhali idalwe ngosizo lwefosholo elibukhali.

Ukunakekelwa kwegundane ekwindla

Ebusuku obusika, kudingeka uhlanza utshani kusuka emaqabunga aphuzi, ulungise futhi ukhulise ukuzala. Ukunakekela utshani ekwindla - ukulungiswa okulungile ebusika:

1. Ukulungiswa kwenhlabathi. Kuhlwanyelwe utshani obutshisiwe noma obuncane.
2. Ukugqoka okuphezulu. Ukuze uqinise uhlelo lwempande, benza ama-fertilizer e-phosphorus-potassium, akufanele aqukethe i-nitrogen.
3. Ukunciphisa. NgoSeptemba-Okthoba, ukwanda kwendawo enhlabathini evundile kwenziwa.
4. Aeration. Emoyeni esomile, utshani luhlatshwa ekwindla.
5. Izinwele. Ukutshala kokugcina komtshani ngaphambi kokubusika kusetshenziswa ekupheleni kuka-Okthoba. Ukuphakama utshani akusi ngaphansi kuka-5 cm.

Ukunakekelwa kwegundane ebusika

Ebusika, i-ice crust esakhiweni ingabangela ukungabi khona kwe-oxygen yokutshala izitshalo. Uma kubonakala ngenxa ye-thaws, kufanele ichithe ngokucophelela yi-rakes. Ukwenza lula ukunakekelwa kwetshani emva kobusika, ngesikhathi sokubandayo kubalulekile ukunciphisa umthwalo emagqeni:

• Ungahambi kuwo uma ukuphakama kweqhwa kungaphansi kuka-20 cm;
• ungagcwalisi i-rink ice;
• Ungalokothi ulayishe iqhwa elitheni.

Ukugcinwa kwemifino nokunakekelwa kwabo

Ukuze sikhule utshani olunempilo kusayithi, ukutshala nokulondoloza kufanele kwenziwe ngokuqaliswa kwazo zonke izinqubo ezidingekayo. Ukuhlwanyela okunomsoco utshani ngokugcina imigomo kuyingxenye yempumelelo kuphela. Khona-ke kumele iguqulwe, ichithe, ikhuliswe ngezikhathi ezithile, ifinyelele futhi isuse amahlumela - inhlabathi eyawela emhlabathini. Ukwenza imisebenzi enjalo, amathuluzi ahlukahlukene angadini kanye nemishini ekhethekile.

Ubuchwepheshe bokunakekelwa kwe-Lawn

Ukwakha utshani oluhlaza olukhangayo, kuphakanyiswa amasu ahlukahlukene okwenza umsebenzi womlimi wensimu. Ukunakekelwa kwegundane - imishini ekhethekile:

1. Imbewu. Amathuluzi alula okuhlwanyela imbewu. Ngokulinganayo basakaza indaba phezu kwesakhiwo, banomthelela wesilinganiso sokusetshenziswa kwenzalo noma umanyolo.
2. Aerators. Le nqubo ngosizo lwamamese akhethekile yenza amapulc inhlabathi.
3. > I-Verlandoter. Le nsiza ayikwazi ukwenza kuphela imithombo emhlabathini, kodwa futhi ukuyihlanza kusukela otshani bonyaka odlule, ama-debris, ama-moss. Bahlakulela utshani entwasahlobo nasekwindla.
4. Scarifier. Eqinisweni, kungumuthi owodwa ofanayo, ungayinqamula inhlabathi njenge-aerator, uyikhulule futhi ubeke udoti emathini ahlukene adoti.
5. Amagundane okugcoba. Kusetshenziselwa imisebenzi yokugaya utshani. Kunezinketho ezintathu zemishini:

1. Ukuqeda (umkhonto wesandla wesinki nomugqa wokudoba). It isetshenziswa ezindaweni kuze kube yizingxenye eziyikhulu. I-trimmer ifakwe injini ka 250-500 W, isithende sokusekela, okuvimbela utshani ekunciphiseni.
2. Amagundane asetsheni abanjwe ngogesi kagesi. Kusetshenziselwa ezindaweni ezifika ku-10 hektare. Akudingeki ukuba igcinwe isisindo, ukululala utshani kulula - udinga nje ukugoqa imishini yakho.
3. Amagundane asetsheni abanjwe ngendawo enendawo yomqhubi. Zisebenza ezinjini ze-petroli futhi ziyasebenza ezindaweni ezinkulu kakhulu.

Amasu Wokunakekela Ubuningi

Kunemisebenzi eminingi edingekayo okudingeka yenziwe ngokunakekela utshani eduze kwendlu. Lokhu kufaka:

1. Ukulinganisa. Uhlaka lwezwa luvela ematsheni emva kweminyaka emibili elele. Ukuze uyisuse, yenza ukusika kwe-sod ngokuqondile.
2. I-Scarification. Lokhu kuhlanza inhlanzi kusukela otshani bonyaka odlule, ama-moss kanye nama-debris. Gweba utshani kathathu ngonyaka: entwasahlobo emva kokuqhaqhaqhwa kweqhwa, ehlobo ukuvuna utshani obuncotshiwe, nasekwindla - yokuhlanza kusuka emaqabunga awile.
3. Aeration. Lokhu ukubhoboza umhlabathi ekujuleni kuka 10-15 cm ngezinyawo izicathulo, ama mechanical, aerators kagesi. Ngemuva kwalokho, kungcono ukufafaza i-pad nesanti ukuze ugcwalise izimbobo. Inqubo yenziwa ngemuva kokukhishwa kwe-scarification, ukuqinisekisa ukutholakala kwamanzi namanzi ezimpandeni.
4. Izinwele. Izinwele zokuqala zenziwa entwasahlobo, lapho utshani bufinyelela ku-10 cm ukuphakama. Yilungise "phezulu", ukuze ibuyele ngokushesha emakhazeni. Ngemuva kwezinwele eziningana ezinjalo, utshani buyancipha, kuya ku-4 cm. Ukugcina ubuhle botshani ngemuva kokutshala, ukunakekelwa ngokukhipha izihlahla kwenziwa njalo ngemva kwamasonto amabili.
5. Ukudla. Yenziwa kathathu ngonyaka. Kumanyolo wehlobo lohlobo lwe-spring nehlobo kumele kube ne-nitrogen eningi ekukhuleni kwe-green mass, ekwindla - phosphorus (kuthuthukisa ukubunjwa kwezimpande) kanye ne-potassium (iqinisa ukumelana nezifo nesomiso). Izitshalo ziyasetshenziswa ngaphambi kokuchelela ngesihlungo noma nge-spreader.
6. Ukulungiswa kwenhlabathi. Ezindaweni ezinamabala okugqoka, ususe zonke izitshalo, ukhulule inhlabathi, usebenzise umanyolo we-nitrogenous kanye nembewu. Utshani obuningi buhlanjululwa phansi, lukhulule umhlabathi futhi luhlwitwe ngokuqondile phezu kwenhlama. Kulokhu, izinga lokusetshenziswa kwembewu lingancishiswa yi-factor 2. Izindawo ezihlwanyelwe zixubene nenhlanganisela ye-peat nesihlabathi ngobuningi buka-1 cm bese kuphuziswa. Emaphethelweni enqabunga enhlabathi kufanele adalwe nefosholo eceleni kwe-trajectory echazwe.
7. Ukunciphisa. Emaphethelweni emifula isakaza ingxube evundile ukuthuthukisa umsoco wezimpande futhi unciphise ukukhuphuka emhlabathini. Izinto eziphilayo ziqukethe i-peat, loam nesihlabathi. Inani labo lixhomeke enhlobo yomhlabathi:

• ubumba 1: 2: 4;
• inhlabathi 2: 4: 1;
• loam 1: 4: 2.

Ukuphuza utshani

Ukuze kuthuthukiswe utshani obuluhlaza, ukuchelela okuvamile kubaluleke kakhulu. Lapho kunakekela amathuluzi nemishini yokutshani kuzosiza ngesikhathi esifanele ukuwinisela ngaphandle kokusetshenziswa okubalulekile komsebenzi wabasebenzi. Manje lokhu kufezwa ngokusebenzisa izinhlelo ezihlukahlukene zokunisela, ezihlanganisa ama-hoses, sprinklers, zonke izinhlobo zezixhumi. Bazosiza ukuletha inqubo ngokuzenzekelayo okugcwele.

Ukunisela utshani - imishini

Kuye ngobukhulu besayithi, uhlelo lwayo lokunisela utshani lukhethiwe. Kunezinketho eziningi:

1. Ukuzitshaza nge-hose nge-nozzle-sprayer. Lena yindlela echitha isikhathi esiningi kakhulu.
2. Ukunisela okuzenzakalelayo nezinhlelo zokunisela. Kudingeka ukhethe i-hose yobude obudingekile nge-sprayer ejikelezayo, uxhuma konke ku-sump noma nge-crane. Izindlela eziningi zinezikhathi ezifaka ukuchelela ngezikhathi ezithile, futhi zivaliwe ngesikhathi semvula.
3. Amasistimu okuchelela angaphansi komhlaba ane-spray sprinkler. Zifakwe ezindaweni ezinkulu.

Amanzi wokunisela utshani

Okungcono kakhulu ukuchelela okuzenzekelayo komtshani, lapho utshani buncwiliswa futhi bungonakali. Hlanganisa utshani ebusuku noma ekuseni. Ukunisela kumele kube nokuningi, kungavumeli ukubonakala kwamapulangwe. Inhlabathi kufanele imanzi ngokujula kwe-10 cm. Lapho kushisa, utshani buphuziswa kabili ngesonto, ngenkathi epholile - kanye nezinsuku eziyishumi. Umthetho oyinhloko ukuphuzisa utshani uma kudingeka, umhlaba akufanele ube nesikhathi sokuma. Amanzi afanele ukuchelela kubhekwa njengemvula. It iqoqwe uhlelo lokugeleza kwesayithi ku-tank yokudonsa. Uma engekho, amanzi avela empompini ayokwenza.

Ukunakekelwa kokugwintiswa kwe-Rotary

Ifomu le-Roll - ukunakekelwa okukhethekile okudinga emva kokubeka:

1. Liviki 1 : ukuphuza nsuku zonke ekuseni nakusihlwa, umthamo wamanzi ngu-25-40 amalitha per m ² .
2. 2 ngeviki : ukuphuza zonke izinsuku, izinwele zokuqala zithwala emhlabathini, emva kokugaya kuqala, ukufaka umanyolo kwenziwa ngomanyolo obunzima.
3. Iviki 3 : ukuchelela izikhathi ezingu-2-3 ngesonto, izinwele zezinwele: udinga ukwenza ukukhwa kwesibili nge-angle kuya kweyokuqala.
4. Esikhathini esizayo, ukuchelela (ama-20 amalitha per m ² ) kukhiqizwa njalo ngemva kwamasonto amabili (uma kunesidingo - kaningi).
5. Ukutshala kwenziwa kuphela ngesonto, ukuphakama okuhle kunotshani ngu-5 cm. Ngentwasahlobo, kuphela utshani obuncane obunqunywe emakhanda amancane okuqala.
6. Ukugqoka okuphezulu kwegundane nge-fertilizer eziyinkimbinkimbi kwenziwa kathathu ngonyaka.

Ukunakekela i-turf yokufakelwa

Ngisho nokugqoka okwenzelwe kudinga ukunakwa okukhethekile. Ukunakekelwa kwegundane - okufushane:

1. Ngesinye isikhathi emavikini amabili ukwenza inhlanganisela (ukuphakamisa inqwaba) nokusabalalisa okufanako kwendiza.
2. Ukunakekela utshani kudinga ukugcwalisa ukugcwalisa okwesikhashana ezindaweni lapho engekho khona.
3. Susa ukhula, ungawavumeli akhule.
4. Hlola ikhava ye-debris bese uyisuse.
5. Uma kulungiswa izingqimba, kuphuthumayo ukuthatha izinyathelo zokulungisa.
6. Ngenkathi yamaqabunga awela kufanele udle udoti.
7. Ngesinye isikhathi eminyakeni engu-1-2, ukuguqulwa okuphelele kwendawo yokugcwalisa kwenziwa ukwesula ukuhluma kokhula nosizi.