Ngokuvamile abalimi banokuqiniseka ukuthi ukutshala iklabishi endaweni evulekile nezithombo kuyindaba elula, futhi amakhono awadingeki kulokhu. Eqinisweni, kuyisiko esingenakuqhathaniswa, nesimo sawo. Uma ukunakekelwa kungalungiswa kahle, noma yikuphi ukuhluma kungafa. Ukuhambisana nobuchwepheshe kuyisiqinisekiso sokuthi ukuvuna kuyothakazelisa.
Indlela yokutshala iklabishi emhlabathini ngezithombo?
Ukutshala iklabishi emhlabathini ovulekile kunemibala yayo. Isibonelo, ngaphambi kwenqubo yokungena, izithombo kufanele zilungiswe. Kulokhu, ukuchelela kulawulwa, ukufaka umanyolo kwenziwa futhi kuqiniswe. Iviki ngaphambi kosuku lokuphuma, ukuchelela izithombo kumile, ngamahora ambalwa kungcono ukufeza okuningi. Ukuzikhandla kuqala cishe izinsuku ezingu-20 ngaphambi kokufika emhlabathini. Izithombo ziqhutshwa emoyeni ekushiseni kwama-5 + 6 degrees, imizuzu engu-20, futhi nsuku zonke inqubo yenkathi yanda ngamaminithi angu-5-7. Ukugqoka okuphezulu kuphelile amasonto amabili ngaphambi kokutshala.
Iklabishi izandulela lapho utshala
Izandulela phambili zeklabishi:
- Ukuqala nokuphuza amakhrothi amakhanda amhlophe nokubomvu - izaqathe, ukhukhamba, beet, utamatisi, amazambane.
- Ukuze umbala - ukhukhamba, utamatisi, amazambane ezinhlobonhlobo zakuqala.
Izandulela ezihle nazo ziyimifino yaminyaka yonke. Kumele kukhunjulwe ukuthi ukutshala iklabishi endaweni eyodwa kudinga ikhefu. Ukuphumula okuhle kuhamba iminyaka emine. Akudingekile ukutshala iklabishi emasimini avulekile, uma ngaphambi kwalokhu indawo ikhule isithombo noma i-turnip.
Lapho izithombo ziklabishi ezitshalwe emhlabathini ovulekile?
Imigomo yokutshala iklabishi endaweni evulekile iyahlukahluka ngokusho kokuhlukahluka nokuvuthwa. Uhlobo ngalunye lwesiko lunemfuno zalo kanye nesimiso, kucatshangelwa ukuthi iklabishi iyaqala. Ngokwesilinganiso, ukwehla kwenzeka ezinyangeni ezingu-1 kuya kwezingu-2 ngemuva kokuvela amahlumela. Isimo sokugunyaza ukuthuthukiswa okugcwele kwamapheshana amaningana wangempela.
Umphumela wamazinga okushisa aphansi ngoba iklabishi ayibalulekile. Kodwa ngokuqhubekayo lesi sifunda sivela ezindaweni eziseningizimu, iklabishi kamuva ihlwanyelwe endaweni evulekile yizimbewu. Uma ukholwa izimpawu zabantu, isikhathi esanele - emva kokuqhakaza okuphelele kwezimbali ze-cherry. Abaningi babhekisela kwikhalenda yenyanga futhi bayisebenzise ngempumelelo.
Ukutshala izithombo zeklabishi emhlabathini ovulekile
Izithombo zeklabishi zitshalwe ngesikhathi esilungisiwe kusengaphambili, kanye ne-clod yenhlabathi. Ukujula komgodi kuncane kakhulu kunezinga lezinsizi, izithombo zingcwatshwe emaqabungeni aphansi. Ukusheshisa ukusinda, kungenzeka ukuthi uphathe uhlelo lwempande nganoma yikuphi ukuvuselela kwezimpande zokwakheka.
Uhlelo lokutshala iklabishi endaweni evulekile
Cabanga ngendlela engcono kakhulu yokutshala iklabishi ezitshalweni. Ukubekwa kwezithombo endaweni encike kuncike ezinhlobonhlobo . Uma izinhlobonhlobo ziqala ukukhula-ke, ama-aisles azoba ekahle kuze kufike ku-45 cm, uma izinhlobonhlobo zivuthwa noma zivuthiwe, phakathi kwemigqa engu 60-70 cm. Ibanga phakathi kwezithombo ezinhlobonhlobo zakuqala yi-25-30 cm, izinhlobo ezivuthiwe zivuthiwe zingama-45-50 cm -70 cm.
Imithetho yokutshala iklabishi emhlabathini ovulekile
Ukutshala iklabishi ensikeni yezinhlabathi kudinga ukuhambisana nemithetho eminingi. Isibonelo, ukuhlwanyela imbewu enhlabathini efanele, eyafinyelela ku-12 -20 cm, kanti kwakhiwa amaqabunga amahlanu. Uma kuthengwa izithombo, khona-ke kumele zibe nesimiso esiqinile sempande, ngempela sithuthukile kahle. Indima ebalulekile idlalwe umbuso wokushisa kanye nokuba khona kokukhanyisa.
Yini ongayifaka emgodini lapho utshala iklabishi?
Entwasahlobo, lapho umhlaba ugoba futhi ulungiselelwe, kufaka isicelo kumanyolo weklabishi uma utshalwe emgodini. Ukwengeza kumanyolo, ufulawa wama dolomite, izinambuzane , i-lime, ugoki, ama-fungicides nawo nawo. Zonke lezi zinto zinezela uma inhlabathi ingenamsoco ezakhiweni ukuze kuncishiswe ingozi yezifo ezitshalweni ukuze kuncishiswe i-acidity yenhlabathi.
Ukunakekela iklabishi ensimini
Ukutshala iklabishi endaweni evulekile yokutshala kubonisa ukuba khona kokunakekelwa okwengeziwe. Ukunakekela iklabishi enhlabathini ukugcina izidingo eziningi ze-agrotechnical. Kunezinhlobo zazo eziningi:
- ukuchelela okukhulu;
- ukugqoka okuphezulu (nokushisekela kakhulu akufaneleki);
- ukukhulula;
- i-hilling;
- ukwelashwa ezivela ezinambuzane (uma kunesidingo).
Kufanele futhi ukhethe isikhathi sokuvuna. Akudingeki ukuba ibambezeleke, uma iklabishi ihamba, iyoqhekeka. Ngenxa yamasokisi okuqoqwa ngaphambilini, ayenakonakala futhi abukeka engabonakali. Uma ubona zonke izindlela zokulima uma ukhulisa iklabishi, ungathola isivuno esikhulu kakhulu.
Ukuphuza iklabishi ngemuva kokufika emhlabathini
Ukunisela iklabishi ensimini kuxhomeke ezintweni eziningana: ngezinhlobo zemhlabathi kanye nesikhathi sokuvuthwa, ngohlobo lwesiko. Kodwa kukhona umthetho ojwayelekile: amanzi okunisela kufanele abe lokushisa kwamakamelo, agcinwe kahle, kodwa angagculiseki. Fafaza izithombo ngamanzi avela emagodini bese uchithekile, mhlawumbe ekuseni / kusihlwa.
Imvamisa ecacile yokunisela: ngezinhlobo zakuqala - izinsuku ezimbili emva kokuduka, bese kuthi ezinsukwini ezingu-7 kuya kwezingu-10. Izinhlobo zokuphumula - ukuchelela kokuqala ngokushesha emva kokutshala, okwesibili - emva kwezinsuku ezingu-7, okwesithathu nesikhombisa - ngesikhathi sokubunjwa kwe-rosette, yesithupha nesishiyagalombili-ngesikhathi sokubunjwa kwamakhanda. Ukunyuka okujulile kwezinhlobo zakuqala kuyadingeka ngoJuni, ngasekupheleni kuka-Agasti. Ukholifulawa uphuza ngamasonto onke, phakathi nesomiso izikhathi ezintathu ngesonto. Ukuntuleka komswakama kuthinta ukunambitheka kweklabishi kwanoma yikuphi ukuhluka.
Ukwengezwa kweklabishi ngemuva kokutshala emhlabathini
Ukondla okwengeziwe iklabishi emhlabathini ovulekile kwenziwa nge umquba eziphilayo kanye amaminerali. I-Organic yeklabishi ingumthombo wezakhi. Yenza lezi zifaka umanyolo amaviki amabili emva kokufaka umquba wamaminerali. Ukwandisa okunjalo okwenza ukukhula kwezithombo kufinyeleleke. Umanyolo we-Organic uhlanganisa:
- Isixazululo sezinkomo. Amagremu ama-500 aphethwe ngamalitha angu-10 wamanzi, aphikelela izinsuku ezintathu futhi anisele umhlabathi.
- Umanyolo kusuka emvubelo. Lelixazululo linomphumela omuhle kuphela ngesikhathi esifudumele, ukwelashwa kwenziwa izikhathi ezingu-3 ngezinsuku eziyishumi.
- Umlotha. Ingilazi yomlotha ichitheka ngamalitha angu-10 amanzi kanye neklabishi elondliwe izinsuku ezingu-15 emva kokuduka.
Amaminerali amaminerali agcwalisa izithombo ngezinto eziwusizo. Uma usebenza nalolu hlobo lomanyolo, kufanele uhambisane nomthamo wokugwema ukushisa emaqabunga. Isikhumba sakho siphinde sibe nesifiso sokuvikela, kanye nomsebenzi wokukhetha ekuseni / kusihlwa ngaphandle kokukhanya kwelanga. Uhlu lwamaminerali omanyolo luhlanganisa: i-nitrofoska, i-ammonium nitrate ne-urea.