Igama elithi "ukuphepha kwezomnotho" kufanele kuthathwe njengomqondo omuhle. Umsebenzi wale ndawo ukuqinisa umbuso, ukwanda okusimeme komkhiqizo wezabasebenzi kanye nokwakheka okuphezulu kokukhiqizwa kwemisebenzi. Izimfihlo eziningi zisetshenziselwa izinhlelo zokuvikelwa kwebhizinisi.
Kuyini "ukuphepha komnotho"?
Ukulondeka kwezomnotho kuyinhlangano yolwazi lwezemfundo, lapho umuntu efunda isimo somnotho, okuqinisekisa ukwaneliseka okwanele kwezidingo ezidingekayo zezwe, ukulawulwa kombuso mayelana nokusetshenziswa kwezimali ezifuywayo kanye nokuvikelwa kwezimiso zezomnotho. Izakhi eziyinhloko:
- Ukuthuthukiswa . Lapho umnotho ungathuthuki, uba usengozini yokusongela kwangaphandle.
- Ukuzinza . Isimo esiphephile sikwenza ukwazi ukumelana nemithwalo.
Isimiso esiyinhloko ukuhlola isimo somnotho, ngokucabangela izinsiza, ukusebenza kahle komsebenzi wabo, inhloko-dolobha yezwe, isilinganiso sokugcina kwamanye amazwe. Ukuvikeleka kwezomnotho ukukhathazeka kwabaningi bezazi, bakhathazekile:
- izinsizakalo zamagatsha;
- izinsizakalo zentela namasiko;
- amabhange kanye nezimali.
Ukuphepha komnotho kuthini?
Okusemqoka kokulondeka komnotho kutholakala ekukhonjisweni kwezinkomba ezahlukene, kodwa izindinganiso zabo zesikhwama zidlala indima ehola phambili. Lezi zimingcele ezikhawulayo, ukwephula okuvimbela ukubunjwa kwezingxenye ezehlukene zokukhiqiza, futhi kungaholela emiphumeleni emibi ekuvikeleni umnotho, ngakho-ke indima ebaluleke kakhulu idlalwe yizinhlangano zamazwe anesithakazelo sokulondoloza ukulingana komnotho okulungile.
Izinhlobo zokuphepha komnotho
Njenganoma yisiphi isistimu, ukuphepha kwezomnotho kunesakhiwo sayo, futhi ukungazinzi kwesinye sezinhlobo kungadala ukuqhuma kwe "pyramid" yonke. Abahlaziyi bachaza izakhi ezinjalo zokuphepha kwezomnotho:
- Ubuchwepheshe kanye nezimboni . Kuwukulawulwa kwemithombo yemvelo, ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe nokuthengiswa kwamanye amazwe.
- Amandla . Iqinisekisa ukuzinza nokubunjwa kwamafektri namafemu, ukukhathazeka kokukhiqiza, okuletha inzuzo kumgcinimafa kahulumeni.
- Ukwehla kwamandla emali . Kubonisa ukukhuphuka kwamanani, okuhlobene nokugeleza kwemali. Imakethe yemali, ibhalansi yokuhweba nokukhokha kwezwe libonakala masinyane ngezibalo.
- Ezezimali . Izinkomba zengeniso kwisabelomali, imali engenayo yamabhange, izimakethe zokugcina izimali.
- Ubuhlakani . Ukuvikelwa kwamalungelo obunikazi, ilungelo lobunikazi, ukulawulwa ngamasiko.
- Ulwazi . Lawula phezu komsebenzi wezindaba, ukuhlinzekwa kolwazi, ukuhlaziywa okubhalwe phansi kwe "deza".
- Ucwaningo lwangaphandle . Ukusebenzisana nomnotho wezwe, izinkomba zokuhweba zangaphandle, imiphumela yezilinganiso zonyaka.
Indima ekhulayo idlala ukuphepha komnotho kwezamabhizinisi - izinyathelo ezihlose ukuvikela imisebenzi yabomabhizinisi. Izinkinga ezinjengokungqubuzana phakathi kwezinkampani, izinsongo ezivela ezakhiweni zobugebengu, izinhlelo zokukhwabanisa zidinga indlela ecacile yokuxazulula isisombululo. Ngakho-ke, izinsizakalo zokuphepha zisebenza ngesisekelo sezinhlobo zokuvikela:
- ngokomzimba : amakhamera okuphepha nokuphepha;
- umnotho : ukuhlolwa kwentela nokwenza ngcono;
- inhlangano-abasebenzi : ukulawula abasebenzi;
- ngokomthetho : ukuhlolwa kokuthengiselana, ukuhlaziywa kwamaphrojekthi.
Izindlela zokuqinisekisa ukuphepha kwezomnotho
Njengoba sikhuluma ngesistimu ehlanganisa izingxenye eziningi, kuphela uhlelo olufanayo lwezinyathelo zokuphepha lungasiqinisekisa ukuphepha kwalo. Izimiso eziyisisekelo zokuphepha komnotho:
- Indima ebalulekile yomthetho.
- Ukuhambisana nokulingana kwezithakazelo zomnotho womndeni kanye nombuso.
- Ukuqhathaniswa kwezinyathelo ezithathwe ukuvikela "izinsika" zomnotho. "
- Okuthandayo izixazululo ezinokuthula ezinkingeni, kokubili zangaphandle nangaphakathi.
- Ukudidiyelwa kwezinhlelo zikahulumeni nezomhlaba jikelele zokuphepha kwezomnotho.
Izinga lokuphepha komnotho
Umqondo wokulondeka komnotho usho futhi amazinga anqunywa yizici:
- Indawo yezwe, ukutholakala kwemithombo ebalulekile.
- Amandla wezezimali nezempi wezwe, isu lakhe lokuthuthukisa.
- Usizo kumabhizinisi ezimboni.
Ukusongela ekuvikelekeni komnotho
Isu lokulondeka kwezomnotho lithinta izinsongo eziningi kuzo zonke izibonakaliso zayo. Ochwepheshe balondoloza isimo, futhi ukuhlukanisa ngokucacile izici zangaphakathi:
- ukwehla kokutshalwa kwezimali, ukwehla kwemisebenzi yezimboni;
- ukubhujiswa kwamandla wezesayensi wombuso;
- ukukhishwa kwempahla ebukhali emphakathini.
Futhi ngaphandle:
- ukufuduka kwamathenda abanolwazi;
- ukuphuma kwenhloko kuma-akhawunti aseYurophu;
- ukukhula kwezikweletu zomphakathi;
- ukulahlekelwa kwezimakethe zaseWestern.
Izincwadi zokuphepha kwezomnotho
Namuhla izincwadi ezokuphepha kwezomnotho zimelelwa yizincwadi eziningi zabalobi baseYurophu nabaseRussia: kusukela ezincwadini nezincwadi ezitholakala ezifundweni eziwusizo nokucwaninga ngokwesayensi. Ukuze uqonde ukuthi yikuphi ukuphepha kwezezimali nezomnotho, imisebenzi izosiza:
- V. Chernyak, N. Eliashvili. "Ukuphatha izingozi zebhizinisi ohlelweni lokuphepha kwezomnotho . " I-monograph inikeza izinto ezintsha emkhakheni wokuhweba, ubuhlobo phakathi kwezinhlangano zikahulumeni kanye nabaphathi bebhizinisi.
- K. Burkeeva. "IsiNgisi emkhakheni wokulondeka komnotho . " Le ncwadi ifundisa wena ukuxazulula izinkinga ezilula futhi eziyinkimbinkimbi, ngokusekelwe ekuhlangenwe nakho okuhle kwezazi zaseYurophu.
- I. Kuznetsov. "Ukuphepha Kwebhizinisi" . Le ncwadi ihlaziya izinketho zokuqinisekisa ukuphepha kwezinkampani: kusukela ekusetheleni izinsizakalo zokuvikela izinhlelo eziyimfihlo.