Ukwelashwa kwesifo se-hepatitis C yinkinga yangempela, okuye kwaxazululwa isikhathi eside ososayensi kuwo wonke umhlaba. Unyaka ngamunye inani lamacala likhula njalo, ngakho-ke wonke umuntu owaziyo kufanele azi ulwazi oluyisisekelo ngalesi sifo, izindlela zokuthola, ukwelashwa nokuvimbela.
Iyini i-hepatitis C?
Ngokwezibalo, ezimweni eziningi, i- hepatitis C ibonakala kubantu besifazane abasebancane, futhi ukutholakala kwemfuyo kutholakala ngokungahleliwe ngesikhathi kutholakala ukuthi kunezinto eziphilayo. Ngenxa yokuthi lesi sifo "sinyuka" singaboni, sihamba ngezibonakaliso ezingabonakali, kancane kancane sibangela umonakalo ngemiphumela ebuhlungu, kubizwa ngokuthi "umbulali othandekayo."
I-Hepatitis C yi-pathology ye-viral origin, lapho amangqamuzana e-isibindi ahlaselwe khona ngokuyinhloko. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lesi sifo sibangele ukuphazanyiswa komzimba, okuyingxenye ukuhlasela ezinye izitho zangaphakathi nezinhlelo: izinso, amaphaphu, isimiso sezinzwa zomzimba, i-hematopoiesis, isimiso somzimba sokuzivikela. I-agent causative igciwane kusuka emndenini we-flaviviruses, okuvame ukushintsha njalo. Kunezinhlobo eziyishumi nambili ze-genotypes zayo, futhi emzimbeni womuntu ogulayo, ngenxa yamandla aphezulu okuguqulwa kwe-pathogen, izintambo ezingafika ku-40 zingu-mutant zingenziwa ngesikhathi esifanayo.
I-Hepatitis C - imizila yokudlulisela
Umthombo wokutheleleka ngumuntu obhekene nesimo esiyingozi noma esingapheli sesifo, kanye nomthwali wesifo sokutheleleka. I-hepatitis C ithi ikakhulukazi ngegazi kanye nezingxenye zayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, enombalwa encane yabesifazane, ukugula isikhathi eside, igciwane litholakala egazini, ukuphuma kwamasipha, umlenze, i-lymph. Ngokuvamile, ukutheleleka kwama-parenteral kwenzeka uma kunelungelo lokuthobela izindinganiso zangasese nezokuhlanzeka ezimweni ezinjalo:
- ukuphathwa kabi kwezokwelapha, kuhlanganise nokusetshenziswa kwezinaliti, izilinganiso, iziqholo;
- i-hemodialysis, ukumpontshelwa kwegazi lomnikelo, ukufakelwa kwezitho zabaxhasi;
- ukusetshenziswa okuningi kwesinaliti esisodwa ngezidakamizwa;
- izinsizakalo zamazinyo;
- ama-acupuncture sessions;
- izinsizakalo zabadayisi bezinwele;
- ukugcoba, ukuhamba nge-salon;
- ukudweba;
- izinqubo zokubhoboza;
- ukusetshenziswa kwebhola lomuthi lomunye umuntu, i-razor nezinye izinto zomuntu siqu.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunezindlela zobulili zokudlulisela ukutheleleka, ingozi eyanda ngezinguquko ezivamile kubalingani bobulili, ubulili obuvikelekile, ubulili obuhlukumezayo, ubulili ngesikhathi sokuya esikhathini. Mayelana nokudluliselwa kokutheleleka kusuka kumama kuya ekuzalweni ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa nokubeletha, lokhu kungenzeka ukuthi kukhona, kepha kuncane futhi ezimweni eziningi kuhlotshaniswa nesigaba sokudla. Ukukhipha ukungcola ngokusebenzisa izitsha, ukudla, amanzi, ngenkathi kuxoxwa, ukukhwehlela, ukumanga nokuvuma.
I-Hepatitis C - isikhathi sokuxubha
Lapho igciwane le-hepatitis C lingena emzimbeni, isikhathi esithile phakathi kwesikhashana sokutheleleka nokubonakala kwezimpawu zokuqala singashintsha futhi sihluka kuye ngokuthi inani lamangqamuzana angenele we-pathogen, ukusebenza komzimba wesimiso somzimba, isimo somzimba jikelele, nokunye. Isikhathi esincane kakhulu sokugxilwa kungaba cishe amasonto amabili, isikhathi eside kakhulu - amasonto angu-26. Ngokuvamile lesi sikhathi cishe izinsuku ezingu-50.
Bangaki abahlala ne-hepatitis C?
I-hepatitis engapheli, etholakala ezinyathelweni ezithuthukile futhi engazange ithole ukwelashwa okufanele ngesikhathi esifanele, ngokungaqiniseki iholela e-cirrhosis yesibindi. Uma kungenakwenzeka ukuguqulwa komzimba, lokhu kubangela umphumela obulalayo eminyakeni engu-20-30 emva kokutheleleka. Ezimweni lapho umuntu enemikhuba emibi, ehola impilo engafanele, ehlushwa kwezinye izifo, lesi sikhathi sincishiswe kakhulu.
Uma lesi sifo sitholakala esiteji esingavulwa, ukwelashwa okuqondile kwesifo sofuba C kwenziwa, yonke imiyalelo yezokwelapha yenziwa, khona-ke amathuba okuphulukiswa nokubuyiswa kwemisebenzi yesibindi inkulu. Ukucabangela ubuchwepheshe bwanamuhla, izinga lokutakula liba ngu-60-90%, okungukuthi, nge ukwelashwa okuphumelelayo, isikhathi sokuphila sesandulela ngculaza silingana nalokho okwabikezelwa iningi labantu.
I-Hepatitis C - izimpawu
Izibonakaliso zokuqala ze-hepatitis C ezimweni eziningi zingahle ziphuthelwe ngokubonakaliswa kwe-banal ukuphefumula kwegciwane lesandulela ngculaza, ngoba zifaka izimpawu ezilandelayo:
- ukwanda kancane ekushiseni komzimba;
- ikhanda;
- ubuhlungu be-musculo-articular;
- ubuthakathaka jikelele;
- ukuwohloka kwesifiso;
- isicasuli;
- ukungakhathazeki esiswini.
Ezigulini eziningi, ngisho lezi zibonakaliso azikho, ngakho aziqapheli lesi sifo isikhathi eside. Ngemuva kwamasonto ambalwa, izimpawu ezinjalo ze-hepatitis C cishe:
- ukumnyama komchamo;
- ukucaciswa kocingo;
- ukuphuziza kwesikhumba nokwehla kwamehlo;
- ukuqhuma isikhumba nokushaywa;
- ukumboza okuphuzi ngolimi ;
- ukunganaki ku-hypochondrium elungile.
I-hepatitis engapheli ingacatshangwa yizibonakaliso ezinjalo eziphazamisayo:
- ukukhathala okuqhubekayo;
- ukubuthakathaka kwekhono lobuhlakani;
- ukwandisa umthamo wesisu ngokumelene nesizinda sokulahlekelwa kwesisindo;
- isimo sengqondo sokuguquka, ukucasula.
I-Hepatitis C - Ukuxilongwa
Ukubona ukutholakala kokutheleleka emzimbeni kungenziwa, emva kokuhlolwa kwegazi lwe-laboratory usebenzisa enye yezindlela ezilandelayo:
- i-polymerase chain reaction;
- indlela ye-immunoenzymatic.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuthola isifo sofuba C, kungenzeka ukuba uhlaziye ngokuzimela. Ngokuhlolwa kwekhaya okusheshayo, okungazithengwa ekhemisi, ukutholakala kwama-antibodies ku-virus ye-hepatitis C kunqunywe. Lokhu kudinga ukuphoqa umunwe, ukuqoqa inani elincane legazi, ukulifaka emgqeni okhethekile futhi wengeze isisetshenziswa (konke okudingayo kufakiwe). Umphumela ubaziwa ngemizuzu eyishumi kamuva.
Uma ukuhlaziywa kwe-hepatitis kuqinisekisa lesi sifo, izifundo zinikezwa ukunquma isigaba se-pathology, ukuhlola izinga lokulimala kwesibindi, ukukhomba izinkinga, eziyinhloko zazo:
- ukuhlolwa kwegazi jikelele;
- izivivinyo ze-hepatic ;
- i-coagulogram;
- I-Ultrasound yesigxobo sesisu;
- isibindi se-biopsy .
I-Hepatitis C - ukwelashwa
Indlela yokwelapha i-hepatitis C, ngokusho ukuthi yiluphi uhlelo, inquma udokotela ngemuva kokwenza izinqubo zokuxilonga nokunquma i-genotype ye-pathogen. Iziguli kufanele zicabange ukuthi ukwelashwa kwesifo sofuba se-C kuyinde futhi kuyabiza. Kukhona izinhlelo ezikhethekile zamahhala zesifundazwe zokwelashwa kwalesi sifo, esingasetshenziswa ezinye izigaba zeziguli. Ukwelapha kuhloswe ekukhipheni igciwane emzimbeni, ukuqinisa ukuzivikela, ukuvimbela izinkinga.
Ingabe i-hepatitis C yiphulukiswa?
Odokotela bathi kungenzeka ukuphulukisa ngokuphelele iziguli ezixilongwa "nge-virus ye-hepatitis C" uma lesi sifo sitholakala ngesikhathi. Lapho le pathology iqhubeka iminyaka eminingana, amathuba okubuyiselwa amancane, kepha ngisho nakulezi zimo kungenzeka ukufezekisa ukuxolelwa, ukugcina umsebenzi wesibindi, ukuvimbela ukuthuthukiswa kwezinkinga ezinkulu. Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi cishe ama-20% amacala okutheleleka ngaleli gciwane ayenokuphulukisa, njengoba kuboniswa ukutholakala kwama-antibodies ku-agent causative yesifo ngaphandle kokutholakala kwamangqamuzana omzimba emzimbeni.
I-Hepatitis C Imithi
Imithi eminingi esanda kusetshenziswa ye-hepatitis C yokuqedwa kwe-pathogen yayihlanganisa kuphela izidakamizwa ezijova ezisekelwe ku-interferon-α (i-Roferon-A, i-Intron-A, i-Pegasys, i-Pegintron, i-Infergen), okusiza ukuvikela amangqamuzana ekungeneni kwamagciwane, ukuvimbela ukukhula kwamagciwane, ukukhuthaza amasosha omzimba ukulwa nokutheleleka. Ukusetshenziswa kwabo kuyasiza ngokuhlanganiswa nezidakamizwa ezisuselwa ku-ribavirin (i-Rebetol, i-Arviron), indlela yokusebenza ehlobene nokuvimba inqubo yokuhlukanisa ama-virus, okuholela ekufeni kwabo.
Ukwelashwa ngalezi zindlela ze-hepatitis C kunemikhawulo eminingi nemiphumela emibi, akufanelekile zonke izinhlobo ze-genotypes ze-agent causative yesifo. Eminyakeni embalwa eyedlule, ukuphumelela kwe-pathology therapy kwarekhodwa, lapho emva kokufunda isikhathi eside izidakamizwa ezintsha zabhaliselwa i-hepatitis C yesenzo esiqondile:
- I-Sofosbuvir;
- Daklataswir;
- I-Ladipasvir.
Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, izikimu ezintsha zokwelapha zakhiwe kuye ngokuthi i-genotype yegciwane, enikeza imiphumela emihle ngaphandle kokuphendula okubi kakhulu. Ngaphandle kokwelashwa kwe-antiviral, amaqembu alandelayo wezidakamizwa anikezwe ukwelashwa:
- i-hepatoprotectors (i-Phosphogliv, i-Ursonan, i-Karsil);
- ama-immunomodulators (i-Timogen, iZadaxin, i-Derinat);
- amavithamini kanye nezici zokulandelela.
Ukwelashwa okunqunyiwe kuzosiza kuphela uma izincomo ezilandelayo eziyinhloko ziphawula:
- Ukwenqaba ngokugcwele utshwala nokubhema.
- Ukunciphisa izimo ezicindezelayo.
- Ukudla ngokusho kokudla.
- Umsebenzi womzimba ojwayelekile.
I-Hepatitis C - ukwelashwa ngamakhambi abantu
Noma yimaphi amakhambi omuntu we-hepatitis C angasebenza nje ngemithi ehambisanayo futhi angasetshenziswa kuphela ngemva kokubonisana nodokotela. Ngokuyinhloko, odokotela bendabuko batusa ukusebenzisa izidakamizwa ezihlukene ngokusekelwe emakhambi okwelapha nezinye izingxenye zemvelo ezithinta ukusebenza kwesibindi.
Iresiphi ephumelelayo
Izithako:
- ama-corn stigmas - ithebula eli-1. isipuni;
- amanzi - 150 ml.
Ukulungiselela nokusebenzisa
- Letha amanzi emathuneni bese uwagcwalisa ngezinto zokusetshenziswa.
- Bambelela amahora amabili, cwilisa.
- Thatha izinkezo ezintathu ngesigamu sehora ngaphambi kokudla izikhathi ezintathu ngosuku.
I-Hepatitis C - ukwelashwa, ukudla
Labo abane-hepatitis C, ukudla kuyadingeka. Ukudla kulesi sifo kufanele kufane nombolo yetafula 5 (ngokusho kwe-Pevzner), ukuvimbela ukusetshenziswa kwamafutha, kungabandakanyi ukuthosiwe, usawoti, ukubhema, izitsha zokupheka, ukudla okusemathinini. Ngaphezu kwalokho, iziguli kufanele zandise inani lamanzi abilayo ama-2-3 amalitha ngosuku.
I-Hepatitis C - ukuvimbela
Imishanguzo evikela lesi sifo, nokho, ngakho ukuvinjelwa kwesifo sofuba C ukugwema izindlela zokudluliselwa kwalesi sifo. Ukuvimbela ukuxhumana okukhona negazi nezinye izifo eziphilayo zabantu abagulayo, kufanele uyeke ukusebenzisa imikhiqizo yokuhlanzeka kwabanye abantu, sebenzisa izinsizakalo zalawo mahle salon beauty kanye nezikhungo zezokwelapha lapho kugcinwa khona imigomo yokuhlanzeka, futhi ugweme ukulala ngokobulili ngengozi.