UNorm Mantoux ezinganeni - usayizi

Esikhathini sethu, ukusabela kukaMantoux kwenzelwa zonke izingane eziya esikoleni samabanga aphansi noma esikoleni. Phela, isifo sofuba sisifo esibi kakhulu, esithunyelwa kalula kumaqembu ezingane. Bambalwa abazali abafuna ukubeka engozini impilo yengane yabo. Ngakho-ke, ngokuqondene namacala okwanda okwenziwe kahle komzimba ekuvivinyweni kwe-tuberculin, kuyadingeka ukwazi isimiso se-Mantoux ezinganeni futhi kufanele yini ukuba ubukhulu bendawo ehlala esikhumbeni ngemuva kokuphathwa kwamabhaktheriya abuthakathaka abangela isifo sofuba.

Yini okufanele ibe yi-Mantoux ububanzi ezinganeni ngokwezindinganiso zezokwelapha?

Ngemuva kokujola kwe-tuberculin, ukuphendula komzimba kuhlolwa kungakapheli amahora angu-72, kulinganisa ubukhulu be-papule eyakhelwe - indawo ebomvu enephawu eliphakama ngaphezu kwesikhumba. Kudingekile ukwenza izinyathelo eziningi ngokulandelana okuthile:

1. Okokuqala, bahlola indawo yokujola ukufaka ukungabikho kokuphendula, ukutholakala kwamaphimpiya nokuvuvukala.
2. Emva kwalokho, ngokuzizwa ngokucophelela, ukuqina kwesikhumba esiteshini se-tuberculin kunqunywe, bese nje uqhubeke urekhoda ubungako bokuphendula kweMantoux futhi uqhathanise nokujwayelekile.
3. Ukulinganisa kwenziwa kuphela ngombusi obala futhi kuphela inani lezinqununu lizimisele. Uma kungenjalo, kuphela lapho kukhona ubukhulu bokubomvu obuzungezwe.

Kuye ngemiphumela yokulinganisa etholakalayo, ukuhlolwa kweMantoux kubhekwa:

1. Okungalungile uma ukungena ngaphakathi kungekho noma ukuphakama kwendawo kusuka engxenyeni kuyinto 0-1 mm.
2. Ngokungangabazeki, uma kwenzeka ubukhulu be-papule buyi-2-4 mm ngaphandle kokuhambisana, kodwa kukhona ubomvu okuzungeza isayithi lomjovo.
3. Okuhle, lapho ukuhlanganiswa kubonakala ngokucacile. Isimiso sobukhulu bemithi yokugoma eMantoux ezinganeni ngenxa yokusabela okubuthakathaka yizinga elingaphakathi lokungena kuka-5-9 mm ububanzi. Uma ngabe i-10-14 mm, ukuphendula komzimba kubalwa njengendlela ephakathi, kepha nge-papule ebizwa ngokuthi i-papule ne-hyperemia esilinganiselwe ubukhulu buka-15-16 mm, ibalwa ngokucacile.
4. I-Hyperergic (kulokhu, abazali kufanele baxwayiswe ngokushesha), uma ububanzi bokungenelela buyi-17 mm noma ngaphezulu uma kulinganiswa. Okuyingozi kakhulu isimo ngemuva kokusabela kwe-Mantoux, okulungisa ukubukeka kwe-pustules kanye nezicubu ze-necrosis esakhiweni somjovo, kanye nokwanda kwama-lymph nodes, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ubukhulu besibonakaliso.

Kubuye kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi sekudlule isikhathi esingakanani kusukela ukwethulwa kwe-BCG yokugoma. Ukuze uqonde ukuthi yisiphi isayizi seMantoux okufanele sibe yinto evamile, qaphela lokhu okulandelayo:

1. Uma emva kokugoma ngenxa yesifo sofuba sekudlule unyaka, ungesabi uma ubukhulu be-seal buyi-5-15 mm: lokhu kuyinto evamile ebizwa ngokuthi i-immunitary postcard. Kodwa uma ukungenelela kungaphezu kwe-17 mm, qiniseka ukuthi ufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha.
2. Eminyakeni emibili emva kwe-BCG, ubukhulu be-papule kufanele buhlale bufanayo, njengoba ngaphambili, noma ukwehla. Vakashela isazi uma imiphumela ye-Mantoux ishintshile ukusuka ekubikeni kuya enhle noma ubukhulu belilikhulu liye landa ngo-2-5 mm. Ukwanda kwe-6 mm noma ngaphezulu kuyisibonakaliso esingaba khona sokutheleleka.
3. Eminyakeni engu-3-5 emva kokusungulwa komuthi wokulwa nesifo sofuba, kulula kakhulu ukuqonda ukuthi yisiphi isayizi seMantoux esithathwa njengesijwayelekile ezinganeni. Ububanzi bephawu kufanele buyeke uma kuqhathaniswa nomphumela wangaphambilini futhi ungabi ngaphezu kuka-5-8 mm. Uma ukuthambekela kokunciphisa kungekho noma ubukhulu be-papule benyuke ngo-2-5 mm ngemuva kokugonywa kweMantoux, ukuvakashela isikhalazo se-TB ngeke kulimaze.