Abanikazi be-cancer yomzimba bangama-molecule athile akhiqizwa emzimbeni wabesifazane njengempendulo yomdlavuza, futhi ngaphansi kwezinye izimo ezithile. Uma izinga lamakhansela omdlavuza liphakeme kunokujwayelekile, lokhu kungabonisa ukuthi kunomdlavuza. Ngaphandle kokuzibandakanya, kunzima ukwenza kokubili ekuxilongweni nasekuqapha izifo ezihlobene ne-oncology. Ngokuvamile ukuxilongwa kwangaphambili komdlavuza webele kwenziwa ngokuqondile ngenxa yezimpawu zomzimba.
Abaqhamuka emdlalweni webelevuza webele bajikeleza egazini. Inani labo akumele lidlule ukujwayelekile. Kodwa-ke, uma izinga laso liphakanyisiwe, lokhu akusho njalo ukuthi kunezinguquko ezingenakuguqulwa kumaseli. Ngokuvamile, umphumela omubi ungangenxa yobuhlungu bokuvuvukala, isifo se-pancreas, isibindi nezinso. Noma kunjalo, kuzo zonke izimo, lapho umakaki webelevuza wesifuba ukwanda, kuyadingeka ukuba uhlolwe ngokwengeziwe ukukhipha umdlavuza.
CA 15-3
Ama-tumor markers angaba ngesimo sama-antigens, ama-enzyme, ama-hormone namaprotheni. Izimpawu ezihlukahlukene zikhiqizwa izinhlobo ezahlukene zezifo. Mayelana nomdlavuza webele usho izinga eliphakeme lemakethi CA 15-3 (i-antigen ethile). Izinga layo lifinyelela ku-95% ekutholeni i -breast carcinoma uma kuqhathaniswa nezicubu ezinobuthi, lapho zingaphakanyiswa khona kancane.
I-marker ye-tumor CA 15-3 ekugxilweni kwayo ihambisana ngokulingana nobukhulu besisu. Futhi, amanani ayo aphakanyisiwe angase akhombise ukuthi ama-lymph nodes ahilelekile kwinqubo ye-oncology. Ukunquma izinga lendawo yokumisa ikuvumela ukuba ulandele ngokunembile indlela inqubo eqhubeka ngayo, nokuthi ngabe ukwelashwa kuphumelela yini. Kungenxa yalesi sizathu ukuthi ukuhlaziywa okukodwa kunqunywe kaningi kunokuba kuhlaziywe kwizinkinobho. Kucatshangwa ukuthi uma lo maka uphakamiswa nge-serum yegazi nge-25%, isifo siqhubeka. Uma izinga layo liyehla kancane, khona-ke ukwelashwa kubhekwa njengokusebenza kahle.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, umaka we-CA 15-3 womdlavuza uhlolwe ngaso sonke isikhathi uma kuqapha ukubunjwa kwe- metastases nokubuyela kabusha. Kodwa-ke, ngemuva kwe-chemotherapy noma i-radiotherapy, kanye nokuphathwa komuntu ngamunye, izinga layo lingase lenyuke okwesikhashana. Lokhu kubonisa ukuthi isisu siyabhujiswa.
Kukhona ubufakazi bokuthi ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, izinga le-CA 15-3 livame ukwanda, okungeyona uphawu lomdlavuza.
I-CA 15-3 ne-REA
Ukunquma ngokunembile ukutholakala nokulandelwa kokuthuthukiswa kwesisu, kuphakanyiswa ukuphenya izinga lamanye amamaki okulimala. Ngokuvamile, i-CA 15-3 ihlolwe ngokubambisana ne-REA (i-cancer-embryonic antigen), okuyi-marker ye-tumor ye-rectum.
Abanikazi bomdlavuza wesibeletho: kuvamile
Umkhuba we-CA 15-3 uvela ku-0 kuya ku-22 U / ml. Njengomthetho, i-pathology ingatholakala uma ukuhlushwa kudlula u-30 U / ml. Ngokwezibalo, ku-80% weziguli ukwanda kwezinga lomklamo womdlavuza kubonisa inqubo yomdlavuza we-metastasizing.
Uma uthatha ukuhlaziywa kwababhalisi bebelevuza yesifuba, okubhalwe phansi kufanele kwenziwe kuphela udokotela. Njengomthetho, ukuxilongwa akukwenziwa ngesisekelo sokuthola kuphela inani le-hungers labafaki. Kubalulekile ukuqhuba yonke inkimbinkimbi yezifundo ukuqinisekisa ukutholakala kwe-oncology.
Ungesabi ukuhlolwa, ngoba amacala angu-98% omdlavuza webele aphela ekugulweni okuphelele, uma ukuxilongwa kufike ngesikhathi futhi kulungile.