Ekuhunyushweni, igama lesifilosofi lesiBuddha elithi "dharma" lichazwe njengesekelo, lingamelwa njengeqoqo lemithetho esiza ukugcina ibhalansi yesikhala. Lezi yizimiso zokuziphatha, indlela yokulunga okufanele umuntu alandele ukuze athole ukukhanya. Umgomo we-dharma ukuhlanganiswa komphefumulo ngeqiniso, okufezwa ngokuphumelelayo.
Kuyini i-dharma?
Emibhalweni yobuBuddha igama elithi Sanskrit elithi dharma lisetshenziswe ngezincazelo ezimbili:
- Ejwayelekile eNdiya yasendulo, ibhalwe ngencwadi enkulu, okusho "umthetho".
- Isiqine samaBuddha. Akuhunyushiwe, isipelingi ngencwadi encane
Njengoba kunikezwe imibono, kunezincazelo eziningana ezichaza umqondo we "dharma." I-basic postulate: inika inhlonipho, iluleka ukuthi ungahlala kanjani ngokuvumelana nendawo yonke futhi uzizwe unelisekile. Kuyini okusho ukuthi i-dharma?
- Ukulandela inhloso yethu, umsebenzi wendawo yonke.
- Ukuthuthukiswa kokuziphatha, ukuxhumana namaPhoyisa aphakeme.
- Ukuthembeka ngokwezimiso zokuziphatha.
- Ukuthuthukiswa kokuziphakamisa kwakhe nokunciphisa okuphansi.
- Umthetho wokuziphatha wezwe.
U-Dharma usiza umuntu ukuba afinyelele kuNkulunkulu, kubizwa nangokuthi ukulingana phakathi kokuphelela ngokomoya nangokwenyama. Njengoba imfundiso yaseNdiya ithi, impilo yokulunga inezici ezine:
- ukusindisa (thepha);
- ukuhlanzeka (shauch);
- ububele (kusasa)
- ukulunga (satya).
Dharma eBuddhism
Leli gama lihunyushwa ngezinkolo ezahlukene. EmaBuddha, i-dharma ibhekwa njengencazelo ebalulekile, ukubonakaliswa kwemfundiso kaBuddha - iqiniso eliphakeme kakhulu. Kunencazelo yokuthi uBuddha kuthiwa ubona wonke umuntu ehlukile, ngakho-ke akukho ukuhlanganiswa okujwayelekile kwe-dharma esebenza ezimweni ezahlukene. Kukhona ukufundisa kuphela, ingxenye ethile yamakholwa - eyayo. Kuyini i-dharma eBuddhism?
- ukuziphatha, okumele abantu bazame ukufeza;
- okuyinkimbinkimbi yezingxenye zokugcina, bahlukanisa ukugeleza okungcwele kokudalwa kwendawo yonke.
Dharma in isiHindu
Ngokokuqala ngqa, i-Hindu gurus ekhulume ngemibhalo yasendulo, umlobi uRamacharitamanasa Tulsidas wambiza ngokuthi ungumthombo wothando. Kuyini i-dharma kumaHindu?
- Ikhodi yemithetho yendawo yonke, ebheka ukuthi, ubani uyajabula.
- Umthetho wokuziphatha kanye nesiyalo esingokomoya.
- Isisekelo sabakholwa, ukuthi ligcina zonke izidalwa zikaNkulunkulu emhlabeni.
Ukuqaphela ikakhulukazi kukhokhwa ekufundiseni umqondo onjengomdanso wokuphila komndeni . Ngokusho kwemiBhalo yeVedic, uma umuntu emndenini elandela umdlandla wakhe futhi enza umsebenzi wakhe, uNkulunkulu uzombuyisela ngokugcwele. Ngokuba umfazi kungukuthi:
- uthembeke, akwazi ukukhonza umyeni wakhe;
- bazise izihlobo zomngane womshado;
- sisekela inhloko yomndeni kukho konke, landela indlela yakhe.
Kumyeni:
- ukuvikela umkayo kuzo zonke izimo;
- ukwethembeka;
- unikeze oshade naye nabantwana;
- yiba umholi womndeni womndeni.
Dharma in astrology
Ababhula ngezinkanyezi baye bafaka isandla sabo, basho umqondo wokuthi "dharma." Esikhathini sesayensi yamzimba yasezulwini, izindlu ezibonisa ubuntu dharma, izinombolo 1, 5 no-9 yizona izindlu ezinhle kunazo zonke zezinkanyezi. Uma benamandla, ke umuntu unikezwa ukuhlakanipha namakhono amakhulu. Izindlu ze-dharma zikhomba ukuthi karma inomuntu othanda kangakanani. Umgomo oyinhloko womuntu kusukela ekuzalweni ukulandela i-dharma yakhe, nezinsika ezinhlanu zokufundisa zingamsiza:
- ulwazi;
- ubulungiswa;
- ukubekezela;
- ukwethembeka;
- uthando.
Izinhlobo ze-dharma
Kukhona ama-dharmas angu-5 emfundisweni ehunyushwa ngokuthi "izimiso zokuziphatha": "
- Ungalimazi zonke izinto eziphilayo.
- Yeka ukwahlukanisa lokho okwenziwe ngaphandle kokuzithandela.
- Gwema ukungcola nokusebenzisa kabi ezinye izidalwa.
- Ukugcina ekuqamba amanga, ukulwa nemithombo yayo: okunamathiselwe, inzondo nokwesaba.
- Ungaphuzi utshwala nezidakamizwa, okuholela ekulahlekelweni kokuqwashisa. Kwamanye amazwe okuthiwa ubuBuddha, lokhu okushiwo yi-postulate kuhunyushwa njengokuziqeda ngokuphelele, kwabanye kubalulekile.
Uyazi kanjani i-dharma yakho?
Abantu abaningi bazibuza: indlela yokuchaza kanjani i-dharma yabo? I-Vedas iyalulekwa ukuba iqondiswe unembeza wabo namagugu, hhayi ngenzuzo, ngoba, into ebaluleke kakhulu ekuphileni kwayo, umuntu kufanele azikhethele yena ngokwakhe. Ososayensi baye baqaphela izinhlobo eziyisihlanu zedayimsi ezisiza "ukuzama" kuzo:
- Umkhanyisi : ososayensi, othisha, odokotela, abefundisi. Izimfanelo: ububele, ukuhlakanipha.
- Umpi : amasosha, osopolitiki, abameli. Izimfanelo: isibindi, ukubhekwa.
- Umthengisi : osomabhizinisi, abantu bebhizinisi. Izimfanelo: isihe, amandla.
- Umsebenzi : abadwebi, abasebenzi. Izimfanelo: ukuzinikela, ukubekezela.
- Ukuvukela : ikhono lokuzwelana, uthando lokukhululeka.
Wheel of Dharma - incazelo
Isondo le-dharma libizwa ngokuthi isibonakaliso esingcwele semfundiso yamaBuddhist, abacwaningi banombono wokuthi lesi yisithombe sokuqala. Isondo linamazwi aphakathi kuka-5 kuya ku-8, kwezinye zezemidwebo eduze kwalo kukhona izinyamazane. Esikhathini samasiko aseNdiya sasendulo kwakusho ukuvikelwa, eBuddhism kuyisibonakaliso seBuddha. Kukhona umqondo wokuguqula isondo le-dharma, kusho ukuthi uBuddha akafundanga yena kuphela, ukufundisa kwakhe njengesondo, kuhamba njalo futhi eminyakeni eminingi kamuva.
- Ukuguquka kokuqala kwesondo kuchazwe esigodini sePerath, lapho uBuddha etshela nge-karma.
- Owesibili useRajgir, lapho uNkulunkulu afundisa abantu khona uPrajnaparamita.
- Ukuphenduka kwesithathu kwesondo le-dharma kwenzeka emadolobheni ahlukene, lapho uBuddha efundisa imfihlo iMantrayana kuphela abafundi abanethalente.