I-edemary edema - usizo oluphuthumayo

Usizo lokuqala lwe-edema yamapulmasi kuyisilinganiso esidingekayo sokugcina imisebenzi ebalulekile yomuntu.

Usizo lokuqala luyisiqalo sezinyathelo ezihloswe ngazo ekuqedeni izimpawu ezibucayi nokuhlinzeka ukwesekwa kokuphila.

Uma kwakukhona i-edema ye-pulmonary, usizo lokuqala okokuqala ukubiza i-ambulensi, njengemibandela yangaphandle, akuvamile ukuthi yonke imithi nemishini edingekayo iyatholakala. Ngesikhathi ulinde odokotela abaqeqeshiwe, abantu abazungezile isiguli kufanele bathathe izinyathelo ezidingekayo.

I-edema yepulmonary: imitholampilo nokunakekelwa okuphuthumayo

I-edema ye-pulmonary yisimo lapho umkhuhlane omningi uqoqa emaphashini. Lokhu kubangelwa umehluko omkhulu ezinkampanini ze-colloid-osmotic ne-hydrostatic ingcindezi kuma-capillaries emaphaphu.

Kunezinhlobo ezimbili ze-edema ye-pulmona:

I-Membranogenic - iyenzeka uma ukuguqulwa kwama-capillaries kuye kwanda ngokuphawulekayo. Loluhlobo lwe-edema yamapulmari luvame ukuvela njengendlela yokuhambisa ezinye izifo.

I-Hydrostatic - ivela ngenxa yezifo lapho ingcindezi yamanzi e-hydrostatic ikhuphuka kakhulu, kanti ingxenye yetshezi yegazi ithola indawo eningi kangangokuthi ayikwazi ukuhoxiswa emikhondweni ye-lymphatic.

Ukubonakaliswa kwemitholampilo

Iziguli ezine-edema ye-pulmonary zikhononda ngokuntuleka komoya, ziba nokuphefumula njalo futhi ngezinye izikhathi zihlaselwa yisifuba senhliziyo esivela ngesikhathi sokulala.

Isikhumba sezinhlayiya ziphukile, futhi kusukela ohlangothini lwesimiso sezinzwa kungase kube nokusabela okungenele ngendlela yokudideka kokuqaphela noma ukucindezelwa kwayo.

Ngokuvuvukala kwamapayipi, isiguli sinokukhukumeza okubandayo, futhi lapho ulalela amaphaphu, kutholakala ukuqhuma kwamanzi emaphashini.

Usizo lokuqala

Ngalesi sikhathi kubaluleke kakhulu ukwenza isinyathelo ngokushesha futhi ngokunembile, ngoba ngenxa yokuntula ukusekelwa isimo singahlahloka kakhulu.

1. Ngaphambi kokuba i-ambulensi ifike, abantu abazungezile isiguli kufanele bamsize ukwamukela isikhundla sokuhlala isigamu ukuze akwazi ukunciphisa imilenze yakhe embhede. Lokhu kubhekwa njengendlela engcono kakhulu yokukhulula umoya wamaphaphu: ngalesi sikhathi, ukucindezelwa kubo akuncane kakhulu. Izinduna zidinga ukunciphisa ukuze kunciphise umbuthano omncane wegazi.
2. Uma kunokwenzeka, gweba umucu ovela ephepheni eliphezulu lokuphefumula.
3. Kubalulekile ukunikeza ukufinyelela okuphezulu kwe-oxygen ngokuvula iwindi, ngoba i-oksijeni yindlala ingenzeka.

Lapho i-ambulensi ifika, zonke izenzo zezobuchwepheshe zizoqondiswa emigomeni emithathu:

• ukunciphisa ukuzwakalisa isikhungo sokuphefumula;
• ukukhulula umthwalo wendilinga encane yokujikeleza kwegazi;
• susa ukuqhuma.

Ukuze unciphise ukuzwakalisa isikhungo sokuphefumula, isiguli sijojowe nge-morphine, esuswa hhayi kuphela i-edema ye-pulmonary, kodwa futhi nokuhlaselwa kwesifo se-asthma. Lesi sici asiphephile, kodwa lapha kuyisilinganiso esidingekayo - i-morphine ithinta ngokukhetha izikhungo zobuchopho ezibhekene nokuphefumula. Futhi, lo muthi wenza ukugeleza kwegazi enhliziyweni kungabi kakhulu futhi ngenxa yalokhu kuqhuma emathangeni amaphaphu kunciphisa. Isiguli sithuthuka kakhulu.

Lesi sitho senziwa ngokuqondile noma ngaphansi kwesigqila, futhi emva kwemizuzu engu-10 umphumela wayo ufika. Uma ingcindezi iyancipha, kunokuba i-morphine, i-promedol isetshenziswa, enemiphumela encane kodwa efana nayo.

Izidakamizwa ezinamandla (isib. Furosemide) nazo zisetshenziselwa ukunciphisa ingcindezi.

Ukuze unciphise umbuthano wegazi elincane, jwayelana ne-dropper nge-nitroglycerin.

Uma kukhona izimpawu zokungazi kahle, isiguli sinikezwa i-neuroleptic ebuthakathaka.

Ngokuhambisana nalezi zindlela, kuboniswa ukwelapha oksijini.

Uma isiguli sinomsoco oqhubekayo, lo muthi ngeke unikeze umphumela oyifunayo, njengoba kungavimbela ukuhamba kwemimoya. Ukuze ugweme lokhu, odokotela banikeza inhalation nge 70% ethyl utshwala, okuyinto kudluliselwa oksijini. Ochwepheshe base bancelisa uketshezi oluningi ngokweqile.

Izimbangela ze-edema ye-pulmonary

I-edema ye-hydrostatic ingenzeka ngenxa yokuthi:

1. Ukungasebenzi kahle kwenhliziyo.
2. Ukungena kwemithambo yegazi, ama-clots wegazi, amafutha.
3. I-asthma ye-Bronchial.
4. Izicubu zamaphaphu.

I-edema ye-membrane ye-membrane ingenzeka ngenxa yezizathu ezilandelayo:

1. Ukungakwazi ukusebenza kwe-Renal.
2. I-trauma yesifuba.
3. Ukuvezwa emithonjeni enobuthi, amagesi, imfucumfucu, i-mercury vapors, njll.
4. Ukuphonsa okuqukethwe kwesisu ngendlela yokuphefumula noma amanzi.