I-goiter ye-neodular yisifo se-gland yegciwane, ebonakala ngokushintsha kwayo kwemvelo. Kulesi simo, isitho sikhula ngesayizi nangesikhathi esithile, ngokuqhubekayo, kubonakala sengathi iso liyingxenye emqaleni entanyeni yegciwane.
I-goiter engekho emthonjeni we-gland - izimpawu
I-goiter engapheli inezimpawu ezithile eziguqukayo njengoba lesi sifo sithuthuka futhi kuye ngokuthi uhlobo lwe-pathology oluqhubekayo.
Ekuqaleni, i-nodular goiter kunzima ukuyihlolisisa ngaphandle kwezixhobo ezikhethekile (isibonelo, i-ultrasound) noma ukuhlolwa kwe-laboratory (ukunikela ngegazi kumahomoni e-thyroid) uma kwenzeka ukuthi i-nodular goiter ihambisane ne-hypothyroidism noma i-thyrotoxicosis. Lezi zimbono ezimbili ziyizifo ze-polar, okuvame ukubangela isiguli ukuba sixoxe nodokotela esiteji sokuqala.
Ngakho, i- thyrotoxicosis iyinqwaba yamahomoni. Umuntu uzwa ukungazinzi ngokomzwelo, ukushaya kwenhliziyo okukhulu, okungayehli ngokusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa, kanye nokuthuthumela kwesandla nokukhathala okuqhubekayo. Ukulahlekelwa isisindo futhi kuyisinye sezibonakaliso ze-thyrotoxicosis, futhi uma kubonakala kubantwana, ngakho-ke ezimweni eziningi zigcina ukubonakala komntwana iminyaka eminingi. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ama-hormone e-thyroid ahlotshaniswa ne-hormone yokukhula nabanye abathintekayo ekubunjweni komzimba ovuthiwe. Lezi akuzona zonke izimpawu eziwuphawu lwe-thyrotoxicosis, kodwa yizona eziyinhloko.
I-Hypothyroidism yilahlekelwa amahomoni wegciwane. Abantu abanalesi sifo bangakwazi ukuthola isisindo kalula, bajwayele ukukhukhumezeka, ngenxa yalokho ukuphakama kobuso kubunjwa. Ukuntuleka kwama-hormone kuholela ekukhohlweni nasekukhulekeni okuqhubekayo. Isimo somzwelo, njengombuso, sithulile noma sigxilile.
Ngaphambi kwalezi zimpawu, udinga ukubona udokotela, wenze i-ultrasound ye-gland yegciwane bese unikela ngegazi kumahomoni we-thyroid namagciwane, okuzokutshela ukuthi kukhona noma ukungabikho kwenqubo ye-pathological in the organ.
Ngokukhula kwe-goiter, izimpawu ezilandelayo zivela kumuntu:
- Inzima yokugwinya ukunyakaza;
- ukuzwa kwe-coma emqaleni;
- ukuzwakalisa;
- Ukubonakalisa kwangaphandle kwe-goiter.
Izinhlobo ze-goiter
Ngaphambi kokukhuluma ngokuphatha i-goiter, kufanele kucaciswe ukuthi kunezinhlobo eziningi nezinhlobo zayo, futhi kungokwemvelo ukuthi ukwelashwa kuyahluka kuye kuye.
I-Morphology:
- Ukusabalalisa . Lena uhlobo olungenamsoco lwe-goiter, lapho kukhula khona ukufaniswa kwezicubu.
- I-Nodal . Ngalolu hlobo, amaphuzu (owodwa noma ngaphezulu) akhiwa, futhi ukwanda kwenzeka ngakolunye uhlangothi. Kungaba yinto enobungozi noma eyingozi, ngakho ukuhlolwa okuningiliziwe kumadivaysi amaningana ahlukahlukene kuyadingeka kakhulu. Kumele futhi kuqaphele ukuthi iziguli ezingahlali endaweni enomphela zinikezwe i-nodular goiter.
- I-Cystic . Eyaziwa ngokunyuka okungahambisani nomzimba kanye nokuba khona kwamasimbali, aqukethe uketshezi.
- Ixubile . I-goiter enezinyosi ezihlukumezekayo ibonakala ngokunyuka okujwayelekile kwegciwane le-thyroid kanye nokuba khona kwama-nodes.
Ukuhlukaniswa kwamasayizi:
- I-goiter engavamile yezinga eli-1.
- I-goiter engajwayelekile yezinga lesi-2.
- I-goiter engavamile yezinga lesithathu.
- I-goiter engapheli yesilinganiso se-4.
- I-goiter engavamile yezinga lesi-5.
I-goiter engajwayelekile - ukuxilongwa
I-goiter ye-nodular itholakala ngesisekelo sokuhlolwa kukadokotela, ukuvivinywa kwe-laboratory yokuhlolwa kwegazi, kanye ne-ultrasound futhi, kwezinye izimo, i-electrocardiograms.
Indlela yokuphatha nodular goiter?
Ukwelashwa kwe-goiter kuncike esimweni sesifo, futhi kusezingeni layo.
I-goiter ye-colloid engekho emthethweni ibizwa ngokuthi i-benign ifomu le-nodular goiter, kanti iqembu elivamile lezi zifo lihlukaniswa njenge-goit euthyroid goiter. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi i-biopsy iyadingeka ukuze kucaciswe, okuthatha isikhathi, futhi kuze kube manje leli dokotela wenza ukuhlonza okufanayo. Uma ama-hormone e-thyroid ejwayelekile, khona-ke ukuhlola njalo ukuhlolwa kwegazi futhi ngezikhathi ezithile i-ultrasound. E-struma yanoma yiluphi uhlobo oluvamile lwe-US akuyona into engathandeki ngokwemibono yabanye ochwepheshe.
Ukusabalalisa i-nodular goiter ye-gland yegciwane phambi kwe-hypothyroidism noma i-thyrotoxicosis futhi u-1 degree uphathwa nge-hormone (uma kwenzeka i-hypothyroidism) noma i-blockers yabo. Imithi ngayinye inqunywe futhi ikhethwe ngabanye, ngoba bonke banemiphumela emibi kakhulu. Ubude besikhathi sokwelashwa bukhulu kakhulu - kusukela eminyakeni emibili yokudla kwansuku zonke. Isilinganiso sihlala sihlukahluka kuye ngokuthi kuhlolwa kwegazi, okuyinto okumelwe kuthathwe kuqala kaningi-okungenani kanye njalo ngemva kwamasonto amabili. Uma imithi isize, ngeke kube khona ukuhlinzeka (ngesimo se-node benign) - i-gland gland ngokwayo iyokwehla ngesayizi.
Uma imithi ibaluleke kakhulu ekuqeqesheni udokotela (ngoba ukulungiswa kwemithi kanye nenhloso yomuthi ngokwawo kuguquke kakhulu), ngakho-ke kuphakanyiswa ukuxhumana nochwepheshe abaningana futhi uhlaziye imithi yabo yokwelashwa.
Ukwelashwa kwe-diffuse-nodal goiter yezinga lesi-2 kuxhomeke ezintweni eziningi, futhi lapha kwezinye izimo kungenzeka kube nombuzo mayelana nokusebenza. Okokuqala, kuyadingeka ukunquma ukuthi isifo siyingozi yini, futhi uma kunjalo, udokotela angase azame ukugwema ukungenelela kokuhlinzwa.
I-cystic nodular goiter iphathwa ngokuya ngokukhona kwe-hypothyroidism noma i-thyrotoxicosis. Esikhathini sokuthatha isinqumo sokuqhuba umsebenzi, isiteji, ubukhulu kanye nemvelo yalezi zinombolo zibaluleke kakhulu.
Indlela yabantu yokwelapha i-nodular goiter
Kukholelwa ukuthi le ndlela yindlela yabantu iyasiza nganoma yisiphi isifo se -roid , kodwa singasetshenziswa kuphela ngemvume kadokotela, ngoba izithako zivuselela umzimba futhi ziqukethe iodine, ezingabangela ukuwohloka. Kudingekile ukuxuba ilitha elilodwa lomuncu ngesikhumba se-5 ulamula kanye ne-500 g yama-walnuts. Ubuningi obangelwayo kuthathwa ku-1 tbsp. l. nsuku zonke inyanga.