I-infarction ye-myocardial ebizwa ngokuthi i-death of heart. Kwenzeka ngokumelene nesizinda sokuphulwa okunamandla kokujikeleza kwe-coronary. Ngesikhathi sokuhlaselwa, uma ukugeleza kwegazi kuphukile ngokuphelele, amanye amangqamuzana e-muscle afe. Isilinganiso sesilonda sincike ngobukhulu bomkhumbi, oyeka ukuthola ukudla. Okusho ukuthi, okukhulu kunalokho, amangqamuzana abalulekile kakhulu azofa.
Izimbangela ze-infarction eyingozi ye-myocardial
Njengomthetho, lesi sifo siqala ngokumelene nesizinda sesifo sokuqina kwesifo sofuba. Phakathi kwezimbangela eziyinhloko zokuphela kokunikezwa kwegazi kungabuye kuthiwe:
- i-thromboses ;
- i-embolism;
- ukungenelela kokuhlinzwa;
- ukuphazamiseka kwezitsha zokuguqula izinzwa zenhliziyo;
- Ukugqumisa kubangelwa umzimba wangaphandle noma i-particle tissue;
- ukuhlukunyezwa noma ukugqoka izitsha ze-coronary.
Ngeshwa, akekho ovikelwe ekuhlaselweni kwenhliziyo. Kodwa abanye abantu kudingeka bahlolisise impilo yabo. Indawo engcupheni ihlanganisa iziguli:
- ngokukhuluphala, isifo sikashukela, umfutho wegazi ophezulu;
- Abesifazane abangaphezu kweminyaka engu-65 nomuntu oneminyaka engama-45;
- ukusebenzisa kabi i-nicotine nokuphuza utshwala;
- uvame ukubhekana nokucindezeleka okukhulu;
- izifo ezibhekene nezifo zesimiso senhliziyo;
- ehola indlela yokuphila ehlala njalo.
Izimpawu ze-infarction eyingozi ye-myocardial
Isibonakaliso esiyinhloko sokuhlaselwa ubuhlungu obukhulu. Cishe njalo unomlingiswa ochotshozayo nokushisayo. Labo abaye babhekana ne-infarction ephawulekayo bathi ukuzwa kwakunjengokuthi othile ubeke isitini esishisayo esifubeni. Kulesi simo, ubuhlungu bungase bungaphambuki kuze kube yimaminithi amabili. Ngezinye izikhathi izinzwa ezingathandeki zisakaze ngisho nasentanyeni nasezandleni.
Ukuze uqonde ukuthi ukwelashwa kwe-acute myocardial infarction kungenzeka nokuthi ukubonakaliswa kwesifo njenge:
- ukuphefumula okukhulu;
- i-pallor;
- ukujula okubandayo;
- isicasuli;
- ukuhlanza;
- ukuthuthumela;
- ukukhwehlela owomile;
- ukulahlekelwa kokuqonda;
- isimo esingenasipiliyoni.
Ukuxilongwa nokwelashwa kwe-infarction eyingozi ye-myocardial
Ukulwa nokuhlukunyezwa kufanele kwenziwe kuphela ezimweni ezimile. I-Diagnostics nayo iyenziwa lapha. Ungabona lesi sifo phakathi nesifundo se-ECG. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunezinguquko ekubunjweni kwegazi, okubonisa ukulimala kwamangqamuzana enhliziyo. Ngokumelene nalesi sizinda, ukushaya kwenhliziyo kuvame ukuvame kakhulu.
Umsebenzi oyinhloko wokwelapha i-myocardial infarction ngesikhathi esiyinkimbinkimbi ukubhekana nesifo se-syndrome. Ngenxa yalokhu, i-Nitroglycerin isetshenziswa kaningi. Amathebulethi we-0.4 mg abekwe ngaphansi kolimi. Awukwazi ukuzithatha kuphela ngomfutho wegazi ophansi.
Abanye ochwepheshe basebenzisa i-beta-blockers ukuthuthukisa inhlalakahle yeziguli:
- I-Atenolol;
- I-Metoprolol.
Le mithi isheshe isuse ischemia, ngaleyo ndlela yehlise indawo yenhliziyo, futhi ngenxa yalokho, ubuhlungu buyasuswa.
Ezimweni ezinzima kunabo bonke, basebenzisa ukungenelela kokuhlinzwa. Ukusebenza kwenziwa ngaphandle kokuhlelwa futhi ngokuvamile kuphuthumayo.
Izinkinga kanye nemiphumela ye-infarction eyingozi ye-myocardial
I-infarction iyesabeka ngemiphumela yayo emibi kanye nezinkinga. Uma ukuhlasela kungakhambi ngesikhathi futhi kungathathi izinyathelo ezifanele, ungabhekana nalokhu:
- i-pericarditis ;
- ukuhluleka kwenhliziyo enzima;
- ukuphuka kwenhliziyo;
- ukwephulwa kwenhliziyo yesigqi;
- ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo;
- aneurysm;
- i-thromboembolic syndrome.
Noma iziphi izibikezelo zesifo senhliziyo zenza kube nzima. Indlela isiguli esizozizwa ngayo ngemva kokuhlaselwa kuncike ezintweni eziningi ezahlukene: iminyaka, impilo jikelele, ukuhambisana nezidingo zomchwepheshe. Eqinisweni, ukuzidla nokuziqaphelisa ngokuzikhandla ngokweqile, ungabuyela ngokushesha.