Isifo se-neurological of migraine , esibhekene nezibilini ezinhlokweni ezinzima futhi ezibuhlungu, zivamile kakhulu namuhla. Lapho ukwelashwa kwe-migraine, kusetshenziselwa amalungiselelo amaqembu ahlukene, futhi imithi ngokwayo ihlose kokubili ukuboshwa kwe-migraine nokuvimbela (ukuvimbela). Ukuzikhethela izidakamizwa ezingekho emgodini kwenziwa ngeziguli ngabanye, ngokubheka izici ezicindezelayo, izici zomuntu ngokomzwelo, ukutholakala kwamathologi ahambisanayo, ubuhlungu obukhulu, njll.
Omunye wemithi ephumelela kakhulu yokuqeda izimpawu ze-migraine yiyilungiselelo leqembu lama-triptan. I-Triptans iqondiswa izidakamizwa ezingasiza nje ekunciphiseni izimpawu ezibuhlungu nezengeziwe ze-migraine, kodwa futhi kuncishiswe ukuvama kokubamba.
Inqubo yesenzo se-triptans
I-Triptans imithi ye-migraine, eyanconywa iziguli ezinokuhlukunyezwa okukhulu (ukuhlaselwa), kanye nezinga elibi lokungaziphathi kahle. I-Triptans yiziqephu ze-serotonin, umlamuleli wesistimu yezinzwa.
Indlela ephelele kanye nephelele yokusebenza kwezidakamizwa zaleli qembu ayizange ifunde ngokwanele kuze kube manje. Kucatshangwa ukuthi le mithi ilwa nokuhlaselwa kwe-migraine, inezinto ezilandelayo eziyinhloko ohlelweni lwe-trigeminovascular (neurons of the trigeminal nerve core kanye nemikhumbi ye-cerebral engalondoloziwe, okuyisixhumanisi esibalulekile "ekusungulweni" kokuhlasela):
- ukuvinjelwa kwesimiso se-trigeminal nerve (umphumela we-neuroinhibitory);
- imikhumbi ye-cerebrospinal kanye nezitsha zezingqimba zobuchopho nokunciphisa ukugeleza kwegazi kuzo (isenzo se-vasoconstrictor).
Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi ama-triptans awathinti ezinye izitsha zegazi zomzimba womuntu.
Izinhlobo ze-triptans
I-triptan yokuqala, eyaqala ukusetshenziselwa i-migraine, i-summatriptan. Ukusetshenziswa kwaleli thuluzi, isifundo sawo, ukuvivinywa kokwelashwa kuye kwavumela ukuthuthukisa imiphumela ye-triptans nokukhiqiza izidakamizwa ezintsha, ezisebenzayo. Kuze kube manje, imithi eyaziwa kakhulu futhi eyaziwa kakhulu evela eqenjini lama-triptan yilezi:
- I-Naratriptan;
- Frovatriptan;
- Eletriptan;
- I-Risotriptan;
- I-Zolmitriptan;
- U-Almotriptan nabanye.
Njengomthetho, ama-triptans atholakale ngendlela yamathebhulethi wokuphatha ngomlomo. Kodwa-ke, kunamalungiselelo aleli qembu ye-intranasal (sprays) kanye nezijovo ezingaphansi (imijovo), kanye ne-triptans ngendlela ye-suppositories yama-rectal.
Izici ze-triptans
I-Tryptans kufanele ithathwe ngokushesha ngemuva kokuqala kwezimpawu zokuhlasela kwe-migraine. Amathebulethi akakwazi ukulunywa, adinga ukugezwa ngamanzi amaningi. Njengomthetho, ithebhulethi eyodwa yanele ukumisa ukuhlaselwa. Uma ubuhlungu bungapheli, iphilisi elilandelayo lingathathwa emva kwamahora amabili. Qinisekisa umphumela wokusetshenziswa okuhlangene kwezidakamizwa zaleli klasini ngezidakamizwa ezingezona-steroidal ezilwa nokuvuvukala (ngokuncoma kukadokotela).
Ungathathi ama-triptan ngesikhathi se-migraine aura . Ngezinambuzane ezimbi kakhulu nokuhlanza, imizila ye-rectal, intranasal noma ye-intramuscular yokuphatha ikhethwa. I-Tryptans ayikwazi ukuthathwa kaningi ngaphezu kwezikhathi ezimbili ngesonto. Awukwazi ukuhlanganisa ukusetshenziswa kwabo ngama-antibiotics, ama-antiviral noma ama-antidepressants.
Ziyingozi kangakanani ama-triptans?
Ucwaningo lwezokwelapha lubonisa ukubekezelelana okuhle kwama-triptans ezigulini ezahlukene.
Ama-Triptans ayaphikisana ezimweni ezinjalo:
- ukucindezeleka komzimba;
- ukuphazamiseka okungapheli kokujikeleza kwe-cerebral;
- ukuhluleka kwenhliziyo;
- ischemic isifo senhliziyo;
- ukungakwazi kahle kwe-hepatic ne-renal;
- ukukhulelwa kanye nokukhwabanisa.