Ukwamukelwa kanye neutralization kwamanye amazwe, amangqamuzana afile kanye nezinhlayiya ezihlukahlukene ze-pathogenic emzimbeni kunesibopho se-leukocytes. Ngakho-ke, ukunquma inombolo, isimo kanye nokusebenza kwabo kusiza ukukhomba noma iyiphi inqubo yokuvuvukala. Ukuze uthole ukuxilongwa okuphelele, i-leukocyte formula yakhelwe, okuyinto iphesenti yenani lezinhlobo ezahlukene zamaseli amhlophe egazi.
Ukuhlaziywa okujwayelekile kwegazi nge-formula leukocyte
Ngokuvamile, isifundo esibuzwayo siqhutshwa esimweni sokuhlolwa kwegazi emtholampilo. Ukubala kwama-leukocyte kwenziwa ngaphansi kwe-microscope, okungenani amangqamuzana angu-100 alotshwe ku-smear ephathekayo ye-fluid biological.
Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi ukuhlaziywa kuhlolisisa isihlobo, kunokuba sibe nenani eliphelele, inani lama-leukocytes. Ukuze uthole isifundo esifanele sokuxilonga, kubalulekile ukuhlola kanyekanye izinkomba ezimbili: ukuhlushwa okuphelele kwamaseli amhlophe egazi kanye ne-leukocyte formula.
Ucwaningo olwethulwe lubekwe ezimweni ezilandelayo:
- ukukhushulwa kwezifo ezingapheliyo, kuhlanganise nesifo sofuba, isifo soCrohn, i-bronchitis, i-rheumatism;
- ukujula ebusuku ;
- ubuhlungu obukhulu esiswini;
- ukuhlolwa kwezokwelapha okuhleliwe nokuvimbela;
- ukwehla okubukhali kwesisindo somzimba;
- isifo sohudo;
- ubunzima bokuphefumula;
- i-lymph nodes ekhulisiwe;
- ukushisa komzimba okuphakeme;
- ubuhlungu emajoyini;
- imisipha ebuhlungu;
- izikhukhula;
- ikhanda kanye nezinye izibonakaliso zemithi ehlukahlukene.
Ukumiswa kokubala kwe-leukocyte
Kuhlaziywa okuchazwe, amanani alandelayo abalwa:
1. I-neutrophils - vimbela umzimba kumabhaktheriya ayingozi. Zimelelwa ngamaqembu angu-3 wamaseli, kuye ngokuthi zikhule kangakanani:
- amancane (metamyelocytes, myelocytes, promyelocytes);
- osemncane (ogwazwe);
- okuvuthiwe (okuhlangene).
2. I-Basophils - ibhekene nalokho okwenzekayo ekuthatheni okweqile kanye nezinqubo zokuvuvukala.
3. I-Eosinophils - nayo yenza umsebenzi we-bactericidal, ithatha ingxenye engavamile ekubunjweni kwempendulo yegciwane lengculazi ngaphansi kwethonya lezinto ezihlukahlukene.
4. I-monocytes - ishicilela ekususweni kwezinsalela zamangqamuzana abulawe futhi afile ezivela emzimbeni, amabhaktheriya, izakhiwo eziqhamukayo nezilwanyana ezinamaprotheni, enza umsebenzi wokuxoshwa.
5. I-Lymphocytes - qaphela ama-antigens wegciwane. Kunamaqembu amathathu alawa maseli:
- T-lymphocytes (ukuzivikela komzimba);
- Ama-lymphocyte B (ukuzivikela komzimba);
- I-NK-lymphocytes (ababulali bemvelo, banobuthi obubhekene namangqamuzana e-viral and oncological).
Izindlela zokwelapha i-leukocyte ngamaphesenti:
1. I-Neutrophils - 48-78:
- intsha - 0;
- ukugwaza - 1-5;
- segmentonuclear - 40-68.
2. Basophils - 0-1.
3. Ama-Eosinophils - 0.5-5.
4. I-Monocytes - 3-11.
5. Lymphocytes - 19-37.
Lezi zinkomba ngokuvamile zizinzile, zingashintsha kancane kancane ngaphansi kwethonya lezici eziningana:
- ukuthatha ukudla noma iziphuzo ngaphambi kokuthatha uhlolo;
- ukubhema;
- ukukhululeka ngokomzimba nangokomzwelo;
- ukubeletha, ukukhulelwa;
- ukwelashwa kwemithi ethile.
I-Shift yefomula ye-leukocyte ngakwesobunxele noma kwesokudla
Lezi zindlela zisho emithi yokwelapha okulandelayo:
- Ukushintshela ngakwesobunxele kunyuke kwinani lentsha (amafomu) afakwe ama-neutrophils. Kubhekwa njengesibonakaliso esihle senkinga yesifo, njengoba kubonisa umzabalazo osebenzayo wokuzivikela kanye ne-causative agent of pathology.
- Ukushiya ngakwesokudla - ukunciphisa inani le-neutrophils yokugwaza, ukwandisa ukuhlushwa kwamaseli ahlangene, ukuguga kwabantu. Ngokuvamile isibonakaliso esingacacile sesifo sesibindi nesifo sezinso, i-megaloblastic anemia. Ngezinye izikhathi kuhambisana nalesi simo ngemva kokumpontshelwa igazi.