Ikholera yisifo esiyingozi, esenzeka ngokohlobo lwamazinyo emathumbu. Izimbangela, izimpawu zekholera, kanye nezindlela zokwelapha kanye nezinyathelo zokuvimbela izifo zinikezwa kulesi sici esinikeziwe.
Izimbangela zeKhola
Ukwelashwa komuntu one-cholera kwenzeka lapho uphuza amanzi noma ukudla okugcotshwe yi-cholera vibrios. Ijusi le-gastric libulala ingxenye ye-bacilli, kodwa enye ingxenye yayo ingaqala ukwandisa emaphethelweni emathunjini. Ekungcoleni kwemikhiqizo nge-cholera vibrios, izimpukane ezithwala ekukhuculweni kwesiguli zibaluleke kakhulu. I-cholera nayo isakazeka ngezandla ezingcolile ngokuxhumana nabathwali be-vibrio noma abantu abagulayo.
Izimpawu zekholera
Ifomu ejwayelekile (algal) yekholera iqala emva kokukhipha isikhathi sezinsuku ezingu-2-3. Izimpawu ezilandelayo zibhekwa njengezimpawu ezivamile:
- izitshalo ezivame ukwanda (izikhathi eziningana ngosuku) welayisi decoction noma izintambo inyama;
- isicanucanu, ukuhlanza;
- ukwehla ekushiseni komzimba kuya kuma-degree angama-34-35;
- ukudakwa ngokweqile komzimba, kubonakaliswe ngendlela yokudumala, ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo, ukwehlisa umsebenzi wezinhliziyo.
Ngenxa yokuphelelwa amandla ngokweqile, ukubukeka kwesiguli kuyashintsha:
- isikhumba sithola umthunzi we-cyanotic, siba nesibindi, silahlekelwe ukuqina kwawo;
- izici zobuso ezibukhali;
- amehlo abukeka angenalutho.
Isikhathi sesifo sisuka ezinsukwini ezimbili ukuya kwezingu-15.
Ukunakwa sicela! Kungozi kakhulu uhlobo lokushisa (olomile) lwekholera. Igeleza ngaphandle kokuhlanza kanye nesifo sohudo, esibonakala isimo esingazi lutho. Ukufa kungenzeka kungakapheli amahora ambalwa.
Ukwelapha nokuvimbela ukwelashwa
Ukwelashwa kwekholera kuyinkimbinkimbi futhi kuhlanganisa:
- ukufakwa kwamandla okushisa okufudumalayo kanye nokunciphisa umzimba;
- umjovo we-glucose ka-5%;
- ukuqhuba ukwelashwa kwama-antibiotic.
Izinhlobo ezimbili zokuqala zenqubo zihlose ukuvimbela ukungcola komzimba.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, isiguli singaba:
- ukumpontshelwa kwegazi noma i-plasma kuhlanjululwe ngesisombululo saline;
- ukwethulwa kwe-ephedrine, i-camphor nezinye izidakamizwa ezihloswe ukubuyiswa kwesimiso senhliziyo;
- Ukufudumala umzimba ngokufudumala nokugeza okufudumele.
Isiguli ngekholera sidinga ukunakwa ngokucophelela ngokuhlanzeka nokuhlanzeka. Phakathi kokuhlaselwa kokuhlanza, kunikezwa izingxenye ezincane zokuphuza. Uma ukuhlanza kumiswa, isiguli sinikezwa ukudla okulula. Imenyu ihlanganisa:
- iphalishi yamanzi;
- amasobho omuncu;
- i-kissels;
- imifino ngendlela yamazambane ahlambulukile.
Ukuvimbela ukwelashwa kwenziwa ezingeni likahulumeni futhi kufaka phakathi imisebenzi elandelayo:
- Ukulawulwa kokuhlanzeka emngceleni.
- Ukuqapha kwamanzi.
- Lawula phezu kwenhlangano yokudla komphakathi.
- Qinisekisa ukuthunyelwa kwezinto ngesikhathi esifanele nokulahlwa kwemfucuza, ikakhulukazi ukudla.
- Ukugonywa kweziguli, ukusungulwa kokuhlukaniswa.
- Ukugonywa kwabantu uma kwenzeka kutholakala amacala esifo.
Ukuvimbela ukugula, kubalulekile ukugcina ngokucophelela imithetho yokuhlanzeka komuntu siqu nokuqinisekisa ukusebenza kwezimo zangasese.