Isisu esinobuthi esitholakala kwesinye sezinhlayiya ze-adrenal noma kwezinye izitho zesimiso sezinzwa kuthiwa i-pheochromocytoma - izimpawu zalesi sifo zifakazela umsebenzi we-hormonal we-neoplasm. Iqukethe amangqamuzana e-chromaffin izicubu nobuciko obuchopho. Izicubu ezimbi zalolu hlobo azivamile, ngamacala angu-10% kuphela.
Pheochromocytoma - izimbangela
Ayaziwa ukuthi kungani lesi sifo siqala. Kukhona izinsolo ukuthi i-neoplasm ibonakala ngenxa yokushintshashintsha kwezakhi zofuzo.
Ngokuvamile lesi sifo sithinta abantu abadala, kusukela eminyakeni engu-25 kuya kweyama-50, ikakhulukazi besifazane. Ngokuvamile, i-tumor ikhula ezinganeni, futhi ezimweni eziningi kwenzeka kubafana.
I-pheochromocytoma engafanele ivame ukuhlanganiswa nezinye izinhlobo zomdlavuza (i-thyroid, amathumbu, izinambuzane zamangcwaba), kodwa ama-metastases awawona abalingiswa kuwo.
Izimpawu ze-pheochromocytoma
I-Symptomatology ngokuqondile ixhomeke endaweni yesikhumba, ngoba i-tumor ye-adrenal gland iveza izinhlobo ezimbili zamahomoni: i-adrenaline ne-norepinephrine. Kwezinye izimo, iveza i-norepinephrine kuphela. Ngakho-ke, umphumela we-pheochromocytoma uzobonakala nakakhulu nendawo yayo.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, izimpawu ziyahlukahluka kumafomu eyaziwa yilesi sifo, ahlukaniswa ngokulandela inkambo yezokwelapha:
- i-paroxysmal;
- ukuqhubeka;
- kuxutshwe.
I-paroxysmal pheochromocytoma - izimpawu:
- i-triest classic yeCarney (ukushaya inhliziyo, ukujuluka okukhulu, ukukhwabanisa);
- ukukhuphula okusheshayo nokungazelelwe kwezinkomba zomshoshaphansi wegazi kuya ku-300 mm Hg. Art. nokuningi;
- i-pallor;
- ukwesaba okungaqondakali;
- isiyezi;
- ubuhlungu esiswini nangemva kwe-sternum;
- ukuphefumula;
- isicasuli;
- i-polyuria;
- ukukhubazeka okubukwayo;
- ukwanda kokushisa;
- ukuhlanza.
Ngoba isimo esihlala njalo se-tumor sibonakala ukwanda okuqhubekayo kokucindezela kanye nezibonakaliso kufana nesifo se-hypertensive.
Uhlobo oluxubile lwe-neoplasm lubangele inkinga ye-hypertensive - ne-pheochromocytoma ingabangela ukubola okukhulu kwi-retina yehlo, i-edema ye-pulmona noma isifo.
Pheochromocytoma - ukuxilongwa
Ukuxilongwa kwenziwa ngemuva kokuhlolwa kwezibalo ze-laboratory:
- isifundo segazi sokugcinwa kwama-catecholamines, ukuba khona kwe-leukocytosis, i-ESR eyanda, i-hyperglycemia, i-erythrocytosis, i-eosonophilia;
- ukuhlaziywa komchamo ukuhlonza i-cylindruria, proteinuria, i-glucosuria, i-excel of vanillylmandelic acid;
- ukuhlolwa okusebenzayo nge-histamine ne-reginal.
Ulwazi oluthe xaxa lungatholakala nge- ultrasound ye-grenal adrenal , i-tomography ehlanganisiwe, i-aortography, i-scintigraphy.
Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi pheochromocytoma inesikhathi sokuxubha isikhathi esanele sokuthola lesi sifo ngesikhathi bese uqala ukwelashwa. Ngakho-ke, wonke umuntu ophethwe yingozi yomshuwalense kudingeka ahlole ukuhlolwa kwezokwelapha ukuze akhiphe isifo esibuzwayo njengesibangela sokunyuka kwengcindezi yegazi.
Pheochromocytoma - izinkinga nokubikezela
Iningi lemiphumela emibi ithuthuka emva kwezinkinga:
- i-infarction ye-myocardial;
- ukujikeleza okungafanelekile kobuchopho;
- i-edema yamapulmari ;
- ukuhluleka kwenhliziyo.
Uma kungekho izindlela zokwelapha ezidingekayo, iziguli, ngokuyinhloko, zibhubha.
Ukwelashwa okwesikhashana kanye nokususwa kokuhlinzwa kwepheochromocytoma kuvumela ukufezekisa ukubikezela okuhle, ikakhulukazi uma isisu singekho embi futhi akukho metastases. Njengomkhuba wokubonisa, ukubuyela emuva kuvele kuphela ku-5-10% wamacala, futhi izenzakalo ezihleliwe zihlelwe kahle ngosizo lwemithi.