Ukuhunyushwa kwangempela kwegama elithi "samsara" kuyizinto ezihamba phambili ezizohlala phakade. Ngalokhu kukhulunywa ngokuthi into ephilayo ehlala njalo, isakaze amaphiko ayo bese ikhula, bese iwela emhlabathini ngetshe. Ngakho ngokufanekisa ukukhombisa izinqubo eziphakade, ukuzalwa, ukuguga okulandelayo futhi, ekugcineni, ukufa.
Sansara - yini lokhu?
Impilo eyodwa ingumcwanjana omncane we-puzzle enkulu. I-Sansara iyinhlanganisela yohlu olungenakuhlukaniswa, oluhlanganisa ama-aggregates amahlanu. Uhlu lwalezi zinguquko luye lushintsha njalo, futhi ayikho indlela yokuqonda ukuthi ukuqala kwalo kuphi. Omunye waphila impilo kusukela kulolu chungechunge kuphela ingxenye encane ye-samsara. Ukuze sihlole isilinganiso futhi sibone iqiniso, akudingeki sibone i-fragment encane, kodwa ingxenye ebalulekile.
Yini ehambelana nefilosofi?
Umphefumulo womuntu ungaphinda uvuselele, ungaphinda uphinde uphile impilo ehlukene ube yimifanekiso ehlukene, umjikelezo wokuphindukuzalwa ungowokuqala. Samsara ngefilosofi ngumqondo oyinhloko, kuwumthetho womhlaba wonke. Izikole ezihlukahlukene zefilosofi namasiko asekelwe enkolweni, cabanga ukuthi i-samsara iyindawo engalungile. Kukholelwa ukuthi umphefumulo uzohlala ungenalwazi. Uzohamba embuthaneni ononya, ohlanganisa ukufa nokuzalwa. Kuyini isithiyo esizokuvimbela ekuqapheliseni iqiniso lemvelo.
Yini e-Buddhism?
Ukuqonda yonke into ingenye yezakhi ezibaluleke kakhulu. I-Sansara eBuddhism ingolwazi nje nge-cyclicity, luhlobo lokukhanyisa. Umqondo wenziwa ukuthi kusekhona isimo esithile esiphakathi phakathi kokufa nokuzalwa. Futhi, njengokungathi ngekhandlela elilodwa, ungakwazi ukukhanyisa enye, ngakho-ke umzuzu wokuba khona okusha, kuyoba ngowokugcina emva kokuphakathi. Ngakho kwakukhona inkolelo mayelana nokuhamba ngemva kokufa.
Uyini umthetho we-samsara?
Izimfundiso zakwaBuddha zisekelwe ekutheni isimo sabantu asinakuguqulwa, kusukela ezenzweni abazenzayo, impilo nemibono yezwe ingashintsha:
- Uma umuntu enza izenzo ezimbi, khona-ke umphumela wabo uzosebenza kuphela ukuhlazeka, ukugula nobuhlungu.
- Uma behle, khona-ke bayothola ukuthula nenjabulo yomphefumulo njengomvuzo.
Umthetho we-samsara (umjikelezo wabantu) wukuthi, ngokubanzi, nomthetho we- karmic onquma ukuthi umuntu uzohlala kanjani kulo mpilo, kodwa lokho okufanele akulindele ekuzalweni kabusha. Le ndlela ibizwa ngebhavacakra. Iqukethe izixhumanisi ezingu-12.
- i-avidya yizimpanuko ze-karmic;
- Vijnana - ulwazi olwenziwe yizimpendulo;
- namarupy - isithombe somzimba nesengqondo esakha ukuqonda;
- nama-rupa - ubeka izinzwa eziyisithupha;
- I-ayatana - ukubona, ukuzwa, ukuthinta, iphunga, ukuzwa ukunambitha nokubona ingqondo, kwakhiwa i-napa-rupa;
- sparsa - umbono wezwe;
- I-Vedana - imizwa, eyenziwe ngombono;
- trishna - izifiso eziye zavela ngenxa yezinzwa;
- ukuxhumene - okunamathiselwe emibonweni kanye nemicabango;
- ibhava - ubukhona obuvela ngenxa yokunamathisela;
- ukuzalwa kukaJati, okuvela kukho konke;
- ukufa.
Umjikelezo wokuphila uveza ukuthi imicabango, amazwi nezenzo, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kuhle noma kubi kunoma yikuphi, shiya uphawu ku-karma. Ukulandelana karmic kuyoholela umuntu ekuphindeni kwakhe kabusha. Inhloso eyinhloko yobuBuddha ukuphila impilo yakho ngendlela engashiyi imidwebo nge-karma. Ngakho-ke, ukuziphatha komBuddha akukwazi ukuba nomona ngalokho akufunayo noma ozizwayo. Umthetho we-samsara kufanele uwuqede.
Isondo likaSansara - liyini?
Ukungena kunoma yiliphi ithempeli laseBuddhist lihlotshiswe ngaloluphawu. Zonke izimfundiso zikaBuddha zazikhonjiswe ezindlebeni ze-samsara futhi zaba isihloko seBuddhism esithandwa kakhulu. Isondo le-samsara limelela umjikelezo wokuphila okunamandla:
- Umbuthano ophakathi nendawo encane enesithombe sehhashi eliphezu kwezintathu - ukungazi, uthando nolaka.
- Isiyingi sesibili sinezinxenye ezimbili, ukukhanya nokumnyama. Ihlukaniswe ngendlela efanayo nekarma. Kuhle futhi akulungile.
- Isiyingi sesithathu sinezinxenye ezinhlanu noma eziyisithupha, lokhu kungumphumela wokuzalwa kwelinye lamazwe.
- Umzimba womuntu oyigugu - umuntu uphakathi phakathi kwezidalwa eziphilayo.
- Umgqa wangaphandle wesondo umelela imfundiso. Lezi yizigaba eziholela abantu kusukela ekuzalweni kuze kube sekufeni.
- U-Yama ungunkulunkulu wokufa, uveza isimiso sayo yonke i-karma futhi unamathela ngokusondayo kwesondo.
- I-Buddha mahhala kulo mjikelezo iboniswa ngaphandle kwesondo ekhoneni eliphezulu.
Kusho ukuthini isondo le-samsara?
Ngamunye wakhuluma ngevili ngesenzo esisodwa somphefumulo, ukuzalwa okuyisishiyagalombili kuphela. Impilo ngayinye imelela ukukhuluma, umuntu uhlala futhi agcina i-karma. Kuzo zonke izimpilo eziyisishiyagalombili lokhu kungaba kokubili okuhle nokubi. Ekupheleni kwempilo ngayinye, ngamunye wakhuluma uhlanganisa iphesenti yayo ye-karma, echaphazela ukuphila okulandelayo. Ngempilo ngayinye ye-karma iba ngaphezulu. Uma ekupheleni kokuvuselelwa kokugcina kwe-karma kwenziwa, umuntu angathatha ukukhetha futhi abe mahhala. Kusho ukuthini isondo le-samsara? Ngakho kuzo zonke ukuphindukuzalwa eziyisishiyagalombili, i-karma efakwe iyabhalwa futhi yasebenza.
Ungaphuma kanjani esiteshini samsara?
Umgomo wenkolo yobuBuddha ukuzikhulula ngokwawo kwi karma yayo. Indlela yokuphuma e-samsara, amakhulu eminyaka amaningi akhathazekile ngaphezu kwesinye isizukulwane samaBuddhist. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi banikezwa noma cha, ayikho ithuba lokuyilandela. Kunemithetho engasiza ekuqedeni umbuthano ononya.
- baqonde ukuthi imvelo iyindawo yokuya kuyo;
- ukwenza ibhizinisi ngaphandle kokunamathiselwe - ngokuthula;
- thokozani kuphela ngalokho okungaze kwenzeke;
- ukuhlala ngedwa;
- kufanele kube okulinganisako ekudleni, ukukhishwa kwenkulumo, inyama nokucabanga;
- yiba nomusa;
- ngubani obona ukuthi zonke izenzo zenziwa yi-Material Nature, ukuthi ukuqaphela kungasebenzi, lokho okubonayo ngempela.