Ukufakelwa kwezinso zezinso yisifo esivame kakhulu ukuhlinzwa ukuguqula izitho. Iyenziwa ngezinga elibi lokuhluleka okungenangqondo, okungaba umphumela wezifo ezinjenge- glomerulonephritis engapheli, i-pyelonephritis engapheli, isifo sezinso ze-polycystic, njll. Futhi ukufakelwa kwezinso kungadingeka kulesifo sikashukela lapho izinkinga zalesi sifo zibhubhisa izinso.
Ukuze ulondoloze impilo, iziguli ezinjalo zilapha ukwelashwa kwama-renal, okufaka i-hemodialysis engapheli kanye ne-peritoneal. Kodwa uma kuqhathaniswa nalezi zinketho, ukufakelwa kwezinso kwezinso kunemiphumela emihle kakhulu ngokuphathelene nokuphila isikhathi eside.
Ukusebenza kokufakelwa kwezinso zezinso
Izinso zingasetshenziswa ukutshalwe kwezinye izihlobo (ukuguqulwa kwezinso ezihlobene), isb. Abanikeli bangaba abazali, umfowethu, udade noma izingane zomuntu ogulayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukufakelwa kwezitshalo kungenzeka kunoma yimuphi omunye umuntu (kufaka phakathi nomuntu oshonile), uma nje amaqembu egazi nezakhi zofuzo zihambisana. Esinye isimo esibalulekile somnikelo ongenakwenzeka ukungabi khona kwezifo ezithile (i-HIV, isifo sofuba, ukuhluleka kwenhliziyo, njll). Inqubo ye-transplantation yomzimba ilawulwa ngumthetho.
Ukufakelwa kwezinso zezinso kwenziwa ngezindlela ezimbili:
- Umnikelo wesigaba. Kulesi sigaba, ukukhethwa komnikeli, ukuhlolwa kwakhe nokuhambisana nokuhlolwa. Ukukhipha izinso kumnikeli ophilayo, i-nephrectomy yomnikelo wama-laparoscopic (ukususwa kwezinso) noma i-nephrectomy yomnikelo ovulekile. Umhlinzeki we-postoperative wenza umsebenzi wokuhlola ukufakelwa kwezinso. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinso eziguqulwayo zihlanjululwa ngezixazululo ezikhethekile futhi zikheniwe emzimbeni okhethekile ovumela ukuthi kugcinwe ukusebenza komzimba. Inkathi yokugcinwa kwe-graft ixhomeke kuhlobo lwesisombululo sokulondoloza - kusuka emahoreni angu-24 kuya kwangu-36.
- Isikhathi somamukeli. Izinso zomnikelo zivame ukufakwa endaweni ye-ileum. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ilungu lixhunywe ne-ureter kanye nemikhumbi, i-sutures iphakanyiswe ekalini. Ngesikhathi sokusebenza, izinso zomuthi zesiguli asusiwe.
Imiphumela (izinkinga) zokufakelwa kwezinso:
- ukukhishwa kwezinso;
- i-thrombosis ye-artery yezinso;
- ukuphuma kwegazi;
- i-thrombosis ene-venous;
- i-fistula;
- izinkinga zokuhlukunyezwa;
- ukutheleleka kwesilonda, njll.
Ukuphila emva kokufakelwa kwezinso
Isikhathi sokuphila emva kokufakelwa kwezinso kumuntu ngamunye esimweni ngasinye futhi kuxhomeke ezinhlobonhlobo zezici (ukutholakala kwezifo ezihambisanayo, isimo sokuzivikela, njll). Izinso ziqala ukusebenza ngokugcwele emva kwezinsuku ezimbalwa emva kokusebenza. Izimo zokuhluleka kokuqeda izinsola zanyamalala emva kwamasonto ambalwa, mayelana nokuthi esikhathini sokuthunyelwa kwesikhathi, izikhathi eziningana ze-hemodialysis zenziwa.
Ukuvimbela ukulahlwa komzimba (amangqamuzana omzimba omzimba awubona njengenhlangano yangaphandle), isiguli sidinga ukuthatha imithi yokuzivikela isikhashana.
Naphezu kwalokhu, ukufakelwa kwezinso kusiza kakhulu impilo futhi kuthuthukise ikhwalithi yayo, eyaziwa yizo zonke iziguli ezitholwe ukuhlinzwa. Kumele futhi uqaphele ukuthi ngemuva kokukhulelwa kwezinso zezinso kungenzeka, noma kunjalo, ukuqaphela ngokucophelela umjozi wezifo zegazi, isazi sezinzwa, ukuhlaziywa njalo.