Ukuhlanganiswa okunengqondo - inkolelo nokuzikhandla, ukuvivinya izingane, izinzuzo kanye nokuziqhenya

Ukuhlanganiswa okuhloswe kuyinkqubo lapho ulwazi oluthola khona ngesimiso sezinzwa kusuka kulabo abamukelayo kuzo zonke izinzwa. Namuhla, izingane eziningi zizalwa ngokukhubazeka kokuthuthukiswa. Ukukhathazeka okubukeka kungabonakala njengokuziphatha okulimazayo ngokuphendula ngokweqile ngokomzwelo (ama-whims, ama- hysterics ).

Indlela yokuhlanganiswa okuzwakalayo

Ithiyori yokuhlanganiswa okubambe iqhaza kanye nomkhuba kuvela kuma-90s. Ikhulu lama-XX, ngokokuqala ngqa indlela le ndlela yaqala ukuthuthukiswa ngumhlengikazi waseCalifornia uchwepheshe u-E. D. Iris, owasebenza nabantwana nabantu abadala abanezinkinga ezihlukahlukene zezinzwa. Indlela yokuhlelwa kwezinzwa ezitholakala ezweni elizungezile ngokusebenzisa imidlalo, besebenzisa imishini ekhethekile echaphazela izilaleli ezibonakalayo, ezibukwayo, ezinokwenyama, ezithintekayo zomntwana noma omdala.

Inhloso yendlela yokuhlanganiswa kwezinzwa

Ukuhlanganiswa okunengqondo kwezingane kusiza ukunikeza ubuchopho ulwazi oludingekayo mayelana nemvelo kanye nesenzo esingaphandle esithinta izinhlelo zomuntu zokuzwa. imidlalo esetshenziselwa ukwelashwa kwezinzwa inikeza ingane ukuzwa okuzwakalayo, ukulinganisa kwenzeka futhi ukwelashwa okuphumelelayo kwesimiso sezinzwa esiyinhloko kuyaqala.

Izinzuzo zendlela yokuhlanganiswa kwezinzwa

Ngaphambi kokucabangela izici ezinhle zendlela, umuntu kumele aqonde izimiso zokuhlanganiswa kwezinzwa:

1. Umsebenzi okwanele wezinzwa kubalulekile ekuthuthukiseni nasekufundeni kwengane.
2. Isisusa esikhulu sezingane, ukuqonda amakhono anzima ngokunqoba ubunzima, inzalo emakilasini - unikeza ithuba eliphezulu lokuphumelela ngokusebenzisa indlela.
3. Udokotela ulandela ingane ekuthuthukiseni kwakhe.
4. Ukukhetha ngokucophelela amakilasi nemiphumela kwisistimu yezinzwa.
5. Imisebenzi eyenziwa yi-therapist ukuxazulula ingane kufanele ibe ngaphansi kwamandla akhe.

Izinzuzo zendlela:

• ubuqotho bendlela yokwelapha (zonke izinhlelo zokuzizwa zihilelekile);
• kukhona ukusungulwa kokuxhumana okuphumelelayo phakathi kwabazali nengane;
• ingane iyazimela ngokwengeziwe ezenzweni nasekusebenziseni izinto;
• kufanelekile izingane ezinezinkinga eziyinkimbinkimbi ezingqondweni kanye neurophysiological;
• ekwelashweni okuyinkimbinkimbi ye-cerebral palsy ngaphandle kokuba indlela ingakwazi ukuhanjiswa nayo, kusiza ukuvuthwa kwezinhlelo zokuzwa.

Izinkinga zendlela yokuhlanganiswa kwezinzwa

Uchwepheshe wokuhlanganiswa kwezinzwa esiteshini sokuqala uhola ingane, uphawula zonke izinguquko, kodwa esikhathini esizayo, lokhu kuyinkqubo ende okufanele isekelwe abazali, ngakho kubalulekile ukuba bafunde izinto eziyisisekelo zendlela futhi baqhubeke nokubhekana nengane. Ukuhlanganiswa okuzwakalayo - amaminithi wendlela:

• Akunconyelwe izingane ezinokukhubazeka okungokwengqondo;
• hhayi njalo ingane ifunda ikhono elifunayo enkambisweni;
• ingane, lapho ithole ulwazi mayelana nokusebenzisana nezinto, isidumbu sakhe kufanele sihlangane ngokuzimela ngalokhu konke, sifunde ukudweba iziphetho, futhi futhi akusebenzi ngaso sonke isikhathi.

Ukusebenza kwenhlanganisela yenzwa

"Ukuhlanganiswa okuhlolisisayo enkulumweni yenkulumo" - incwadi ye-German psycho-energy therapist u-U. Kisling isiza ukubona inkinga yengane, ukuqonda izimbangela zayo nokulungisa ukuphazanyiswa kwezinto ngesikhathi. Ukuhlanganiswa okubalulekile kuyindlela ehlukahlukene yokuxazulula izinkinga eziningana ngesikhathi esisodwa, ngakho-ke ingasetshenziswa ngempumelelo kulezi zindawo ezilandelayo:

• i-defectology;
• i-neurophysiology;
• ukwelashwa kwenkulumo;
• i-psychotherapy;
• i-neurology;
• ukulungisa kabusha;
• umsebenzi wokufundisa.

Indlela yokuhlanganiswa kwezinzwa ekuphathweni kokukhuluma

Ukuhlukunyezwa kokuhlanganiswa kwezinzwa ezinganeni, ukuboniswa kwezinkulumo zokukhubazeka kwezinkulumo nezinkinga ze-defectologists kulunge ngempumelelo ngokusebenzisa indlela yokuhlanganiswa kwezinzwa. Ngalesi sizathu izibhebhe ezijabulisayo nama-lattic anezithombe zisetshenzisiwe. Uchwepheshe wezinkulumo ucela ingane ukuthi ithole imigqa phakathi kwezithombe, ukuzwakala phezulu, noma ukuthola izilwane egameni elithi C, W, neR consonants ezihlangene nazo. Ukusetshenziswa kwezinto ezibonakalayo kuthinta ingane futhi kuphazamisa ukuphazanyiswa okuyisithupha.

Ukuhlanganiswa okuzwakalayo ku-autism

Ukugqugquzela okubuhlungu nokuhlanganiswa kwe-autism kungenye yezindlela eziningi, ukuphumelela kwayo akuzange kusetshenziswe ngokwanele uma kusetshenziselwa ukwelashwa kwe-autism spectrum disorders. Ukuhlanganiswa okunamandla kweziguli ze-autistic kufanele kwenziwe ngemuva kokuba izimbangela eziyinhloko zesifo zikhonjisiwe noma umphumela uzobe ulahlekile. Umsebenzi wendlela yokuhlanganiswa kwezinzwa ukunciphisa i-hyperexcitability nokuphumula.

Ukuhlanganiswa okunengqondo kwabantwana abane-cerebral palsy

Ukukhubazeka kokuhlanganiswa kwezinzwa ezinganeni ezinokukhubazeka kwesifo sofuba kungukungabonakali kwazo zonke izinhlelo zokubona izinzwa nokuhluleka ukusebenzisa izinzwa ngendlela efanele ukuphendula ngokufanele emasayini angenayo, ngakho-ke ochwepheshe kufanele banenkinga yokuqonda, yokuziphatha neye-neurophysiological. Isixazululo esiphumelelayo yindlela yokwelapha eqondayo ngokusebenzisa imishini evumela ukuthi bathole izimpendulo ezisezingeni eliphezulu:

• izintambo;
• ama-rollers amisiwe;
• amabhodi athambekeleyo;
• imigudu;
• ichibi elinemibala.

Ukuhlanganiswa okuzwakalayo - ukuzivocavoca

Ukuhluleka kokuhlanganiswa kwengane ngokuvame ukubonwa ngabazali nabathandekayo njengokwenyama, imizwelo nokubhujiswa ngaphandle kokwazi ukuthi ingane yabo idinga usizo. Ukukhubazeka okulula kungalungiswa ngokuzivocavoca okuhloswe ekuthuthukiseni uhlelo oluthile lwezinzwa noma eziningana ngasikhathi sinye, kubalulekile ukuba nokulawulwa okuhleliwe nokuqapha ukuthi kukhona ukuthuthukiswa.

Ukuhlanganiswa okuhlolisayo - ukuvivinya umzimba ukuthuthukiswa kwe-olfaction:

1. Ukuze usebenze, uzodinga iziqukathi zepulasitiki ezingenalutho, ama-diski asetsheni, amafutha anamakha, amajikijolo nezicucu zezithelo. Amafutha we-aroma athathwa ngokucabangela ukutholakala kwezithelo namajikijolo, isibonelo, amafutha e-orange kanye nocezu lwe-orange, i-lemon namafutha kalamula - ama-flavour kufanele ajwayele ingane. On pad cotton ukubhoboza amaconsi ambalwa amafutha bese ufake esitsheni, yenza lokhu ngamafutha omnandi ngamunye, futhi ubeke phezu izithelo itafula kanye amajikijolo elihambisana iphunga encane. Ingane ihlanganiswe amehlo, ifakwe etafuleni futhi inikezwe isiphuzo se-container yamafutha, bese ithola i-analogue edlayo etafuleni, igxile kumnandi.
2. "Siza imonkey!". Ezibukweni zibeka ukudla: izingcezu zesinkwa, imifino, izithelo nezinye izibuko izinto (isobho, amakha, isifuba, udaka). Izingane ziboshwe amehlo futhi zinikeza ukusiza le monkey ngosizo lwe "impumulo" nje kuphela yokunquma ukuthi yiziphi izindebe zokudla, nokuthi yiziphi izinto ezingenakulinganiswa, futhi unqume ukuthi yikuphi.

Ukuzivocavoca ukuthuthukisa umbono:

• obvodenie contours yendaba;
• ukudweba into (ukukopisha);
• ukuxuba amapende;
• ukudweba ngamaphoyinti eminwe.

Ukuhlanganiswa okuzwakalayo kanye nenkulumo yizivivinyo:

• ukulingisa imisindo yezinambuzane (a bee, umiyane);
• ukuphoqa ulimi (ngokuzwakalayo, ngokuthula);
• ukushaya ukuhamba kwezindebe;
• becula i-vowel A-A-A-A-A ngomlomo ovulekile, eside futhi M-M-MM-M enezindebe ezivalwe ngokuqinile.

Ukuhlanganiswa okuzwakalayo - ukuvivinya umzimba ekuthuthukiseni ukuzwa:

• ukuxubana komdlalo (umuntu omdala oshayayo, ingane iphinda), ungasebenzisa izinkezo zamapulangwe, izimpawu, amabhodlela epulasitiki;
• ukucula ingoma. Ukuqala ngengane elula futhi ejwayele, umuntu omdala uhlabelela ngomsindo omncane wengoma, ingane iphinda.

Ukuzivocavoca ukuthuthukiswa kwezidakamizwa:

• umdlalo nge okusanhlamvu nemikhiqizo eningi (pasta, ubhontshisi);
• ukwelashwa kwesihlabathi;
• ukuhamba ngezicathulo ezingenamikhono ngamatshe amatshe, amashabhu ayingqayizivele.

Izinsiza zokuhlanganisa izinzwa

Ukuzivocavoca okuhlolisayo kuqhutshwa kwimishini ekhethekile, okufanele iphephe ingane, ekhangayo futhi ekhanyayo. Ukwelapha okuhlolisayo nokuhlanganiswa kuhlanganisa ukusetshenziswa kwemishini elandelayo:

• simulator ye-cerebellar stimulation (ukulinganisa) - ihloselwe izingane ezinenkinga ngokubambisana, amakhono emoto;
• Izindlela eziyinkimbinkimbi - izindawo ezihlukahlukene zethrekhi zakha umqondo wokulinganisela;
• amathoyizi athola ukukhanya ahlukahlukene - akhanya ebumnyameni futhi anikeze ekuthuthukiseni izinhlelo zezingane ezibukwayo, ezibukwayo nezibucayi.
• I-Bizybordy - eyenzelwe uhlelo lweMontessori, ziyizinkinobho ezinamahlumela amaningi ahlukene, izikhiye, izingubo zokugqoka, izintambo ziheha kakhulu izingane, zihlakulela ukucabanga, amakhono amakhono emoto nokuhlakanipha.
• izigqoke ezilinganiselwe nemilenze yokuphumula - usize izingane ezingasebenzi kahle ukuba zizole futhi zilale, ingane izwa umphumela abanjwe kuwo.

Ukuhlanganiswa okuzwakalayo - ukuqeqesha

Izifundo ezihlanganisayo zihlanganiswa ezivela e-Austrian Association naseNingizimu-Californian University eMoscow naseSt. Petersburg. Ukuqeqeshwa kunamamojula amathathu, amahora angu-144 ahlala njalo. Lezi zifundo zinconywa ukuba zikhulume ngezinkulumo, i-defectologists, izazi ze-neuropsychologists nezingqondo ze- psychotherapists. Isikhathi sokuqeqeshwa singamahora angu-144, futhi uma sekuphothuliwe ngempumelelo isitifiketi sokuthuthukiswa kochwepheshe sikhishwa.