Ukubheka isikhumba kubangela ukuzwa okungathandeki, okuhambisana nesifiso sokuhlanganisa izindawo ezithintekile zesikhumba. Ukunambitheka, ngokujwayelekile, kunesifo se-neuro-ukugula, kanye nesifo sezinye izifo zesikhumba (ama-scabies, i-eczema, i-urticaria) noma isifo sesikhumba esizimele (idiopathic itching). Ngaphezu kwalokho, imbangela yokubamba ingaba isikhumba esomile, ngezinye izikhathi kwenzeka ebusika. Ukuqubuka kwesikhumba kungaba yinto engapheli kanye ne-paroxysmal, ikakhulukazi nakakhulu kusihlwa.
Kukhona i-pruritus yendawo (kuphela ezindaweni ezithile zomzimba) noma evamile (ezindaweni ezinkulu zesikhumba).
Ukuluma kwendawo yilezi zibonakaliso ezivamile zezifo ze-dermatological. Ukwehla okunjalo kwesikhumba kuvame ukuvela ngokucacile futhi kunomlingiswa we-paroxysmal.
Ukulunywa kwesikhumba endaweni yangakini kwenzeka endaweni engaphansi kwe-anogenital:
- ukucheka okuncane (ama-hemorrhoids, proctitis, isifo sikashukela);
- ukushaywa kwe-vulva (i-estrogen ukuntuleka, isifo sikashukela, isifo sofuzo).
Ukubukwa kwesikhumba esendaweni yangasese kungabonakala naku-scalp:
- ukushaywa kwe-scalp (pediculosis, seborrhea).
Ngezinye izikhathi ukuhlaziywa kwendawo kungasendaweni engavamile: ukuhlobisa imilenze yemilenze (phakathi nemivimbo ye-varicose), ukuhlanza ubusika emilenzeni, ukushaywa kwesikhumba ezandleni, ikakhulukazi ukuhlunga kwezintende zezandla, ukuchithwa kwamagundane, imilenze, izibunji, amajwabu amehlo, izihlathi, ukuchithwa kwesikhumba sangemuva.
Izimbangela ezivame kakhulu zokubamba indawo yilezi:
- isikhumba esomile;
- izifo ezithinta ungqimba ophezulu wesikhumba;
- ukusabela komzimba ukuze kuhlaselwe izinambuzane, imithi, amakhemikhali, izitshalo;
- ukutheleleka ebuntwaneni (isishukela, inkukhu yenkukhu);
- izifo ezithathelwanayo.
Uhlaka olujwayelekile lwesikhumba lwenzeka:
- ukudlala kwesikhumba kuvela izitsha ezibukhali, imikhiqizo yokubhema, amakhowe, njll;
- ukuhlunga ukwelashwa kwesikhumba - kusuka ekusebenziseni ama-antibiotics, i-sulfonamide;
- ukucheka kwonyaka (ukubhekana nezimo zezulu);
- ukucheka okuncane (isikhumba esomile ngenxa yokunciphisa umsebenzi wezingqungquthela ze-sebaceous);
- ukushaywa izifo ezinzima ezijwayelekile (isifo sikashukela, isifo sofuba, i-leukemia, i-neoplasms embi);
- ukubhebhetheka ngezifo ezihlukahlukene ze-neuropsychic (i-manic-depression psychosis, neurosis).
Ukubheka isikhumba ekukhulelweni
Isizathu esivame kakhulu se-pruritus yesikhumba ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa yisifo se-polymorphic dermatosis ekhulelwe (PDB). Ngokuvamile, i-dermatosis yenzeka ezinyangeni zokugcina zokukhulelwa, imbangela yalokhu ingabe isilula isikhumba. I-BPD ibonakala ngokubomvu ngesimo sokuqhaqhazela nokushisa esikhumbeni. Ukuqhuma, ngokuvamile, kuvamile emathunjini, emathangeni, ikakhulukazi ekutheni ubeke amamaki ngesimo se-tubercles ezincane ezibomvu.
I-polymorphic dermatosis yabesifazane abakhulelwe kungenzeka uma:
- ukukhulelwa kokuqala;
- ukwanda okukhulu kwesisindo sokukhulelwa;
- ukuzalwa kwamawele noma kathathu.
Ngokuya ngezimpawu, sebenzisa ama-antihistamines, ama-steroid creams nama-moisturizers. Kodwa kunoma yikuphi, udinga ukubonisana nodokotela ukuze akhethe indlela efanele yokwelapha. Ngemuva kokuzalwa, i-rash iphela ngokuphelele.
Isikhumba esinomntwana osencane
Isikhumba esinamahloni emntwaneni kuyinkinga ejwayelekile phakathi kwezifo zobuntwana. Ukuhlupheka okukhulu kunomntwana kuletha inhlamba, okubangela ukukhulelwa, izifo zesikhumba ezithathelwanayo nezifayo, ama-scabi, i-eczema. Ngokuqhubekayo, izifo zesikhumba ezinganeni zibangelwa ukuzalwa okuvela kubazali. Izimbangela zesikhumba esilula emntwaneni zihlukaniswe ngamaqembu amane:
- izifo ezithathelwanayo kanye nezifo ezithathelwanayo (rubella, inkukhu yenkukhu, isingqimba kanye nomkhuhlane omnyama). Isizathu esiyingozi kunazo zonke sokubamba isifo socingo lwe-meningococcal.
- ukusabela okweqile (izinambuzane zokuluma, ukungenisa noma uxhumane nanoma iyiphi i-allergen: amantongomane, ushokoledi, ubisi, imithi, izinwele zezilwane).
- izifo zegazi nemithambo yegazi
- ukungabi nokuhlanzeka okufanele (ukukhwabanisa kwe-diaper, i-diaper dermatitis, ukujuluka).
Ukwelashwa kwesikhumba sokuluma
Uma kunesidingo esiphazamisa isikhathi eside noma esibuhlungu kakhulu, isikhumba kufanele sihlolwe ngokujulile. Ngempela, ukucheka kwesikhumba kungenye yezimpawu zokuqala zezifo eziningi. Ngakho-ke, kuyadingeka, okokuqala, ukuthola izizathu ezibangele ukuzwakalisa, njengoba zithonya ukhetho lwezokwelapha. Okokuqala udinga ukuhlolwa kwe-dermatologist ngezifo eziphazamisayo. Uma bekungatholakali, ke-ekuguleni kwezinso, isibindi, kanye nezifo ze-endocrine.
Kuncike ekubambeni kokubonakala okungajabulisi, ukwelashwa kwesikhumba kunqunywe. Ukwelashwa kwendabuko kuhlanganisa ukusetshenziswa kwemithi, i-phyto kanye ne-phototherapy.
Kanciphisa kancane ukuhlunga kuzosiza nokusetshenziswa kwama-antihistamines, amalungiselelo e-calcium. Ngesikhathi esidala kakhulu kunconywa ukuthatha amalungiselelo e-iodine. Ungasebenzisa amabhati afudumele ngokufaka ama-decoctions we-oak amagxolo kanye ne-string. Ikhambi eliphumelelayo lokubamba isikhumba yisisombululo sokuphuza se-calendula. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amafutha afaka ingqondo angasetshenziswa. Ezimweni ezimbi, ama-ovali aqukethe ama-hormone e-corticosteroid asetshenziswa.