Umlomo wengane uqinisile. Ukuqinisekiswa kwalesi sigama kuyatholakala wonke umzali. Futhi wonke umuntu uzobona ukuthi akukho mzuzu ojabulisayo kunokuba ingane iqala ukukhuluma. Nokho, akubona bonke abazali abahloselwe ukuzwa le njabulo. Isikhathi sidlula, futhi kufanele sikhulume iqiniso elidabukisayo - ingane inokubambezeleka kwenkulumo. Yini okufanele uyenze kulolu cala nokuthi ungabheka kanjani ukuthi kufaneleka i-alamu?
Izindlela zokuthuthukiswa kwenkulumo zabantwana
Kunezinye izici zokuthuthukiswa kwenkulumo zezingane okudingeka ukuthi wonke umzali azi. Isibonelo, iqiniso lokuthi amantombazane aqala ukukhuluma ngaphambi kokuba abafana baziwe. Basheshe bawakhumbule amagama amasha, kodwa baqala ukukhuluma ngesikhathi sekwephuzile nemisho yonke. Kwabafana, inkulumo egcwele ikhula isikhathi eside, kodwa ngokushesha bafunda amagama ezenzo ezihlukahlukene. Naphezu kokungezwani okunjalo, abantwana bobulili bobabili bangakwazi ukuxhumana nabanye ngo-3-4 iminyaka. Ukunquma ukuthi ungakhathazeka yini, ungayazi indlela evamile yokukhulisa izingane. Ingane iphilile ngokuphelele uma:
- ukuthuthukiswa kwakhe ngokomzimba kufana nesikhathi sakhe;
- ingane ayinayo izifo zezinzwa;
- ingane ikhuluma nabanye ngokuzithandela ngisho nabantu abangabazi;
- ingane iphindaphinda konke abantu abakushoyo;
- ingane izwa inkulumo yakhe futhi izama ukulungisa amaphutha kuyo;
- ingane ibika izinkinga zayo ngokusebenzisa inkulumo.
Ukungabikho okungenani okukodwa okukodwa akukona imbangela ye-alamu. Nokho, uma ungaqiniseki ukuthi ingane yakho ilungile, kufanele uyibuke. Ngakho-ke, ingane ihamba ngemuva kokuthuthukiswa kwenkulumo uma:
- ezinyangeni ezingu-4-6 ayinalo lexicon yakhe izinhlamvu "b", "m", "n";
- ezinyangeni ezingu-10-12 akalingisi imisindo yokukhuluma, akaphenduki lapho igama lakhe likhona, futhi ukhuluma ngezinkinga zakhe kuphela ngosizo lokukhala;
- unesitokisini hhayi amagama angaphezu kuka-20 futhi awuxhunyiwe nganoma iyiphi indlela;
- eminyakeni eyi-1,5-2 ayiqondi izicelo zokuqala ezifana "ukuvula umlomo wakho", njll, angeke abonise esithombeni ukuthi yini eceliwe futhi ezwe izinto;
- eminyakeni engu-2,5 -3 ayikwazi ukwenza umyalo olula njengokuthi "ngilethe ibhola" noma "thatha ibhodlela;
- eminyakeni engu-3-4 ayikwazi ukuphendula imibuzo ethi "kuphi", "ngubani" noma "yikuphi" futhi abize omunye kumalungu omndeni;
- ingane ayidlala futhi ayihlanganyeli nezinye izingane.
Izimbangela, Ukuxilongwa Nokunakekelwa Kwekulumo Ukunciphisa Kwezingane
I-psychology yentuthuko yenkulumo yengane incike emvelweni lapho azalwa khona futhi eqhubeka ekhula, kanye nendlela okhulelwe ngayo umama. Phakathi kwezici zokuphila, ngenxa yokuthi kungase kube khona ukubambezeleka ekuthuthukiseni inkulumo ezinganeni, ukuhlukanisa okulandelayo:
- ukukhubazeka ngesikhathi sokubeletha;
- ukutheleleka ngegciwane noma izifo ze-intrauterine;
- ukulimala kwe-craniocerebral noma izifo zobuchopho.
Nokho, ngokuvamile ukuphulwa kwentuthuko yenkulumo ezinganeni kubangelwa izizathu zenhlalo:
- ukungabi nokuxhumana okukhulumayo phakathi kwengane nomuntu omdala, noma ukugcwaliseka kwezicelo zengane ngaphandle kokuhlanganyela kwenkulumo;
- izinkinga ngokuzwa, ukungakwazi ukuphinda lokho abanye abakushoyo;
- ubuso obuthakathaka bomzimba noma ubuso obungasetshenziswanga;
- logoneurosis noma stammering.
Ukuqaphela ukuthuthukiswa kwenkulumo kwezingane, njengokubusa, kuthatha cishe iminyaka emithathu. Kulokhu, kunezinkinga eziningi. Ngokuvamile odokotela balindela ukuthi lapho ingane ingeneminyaka emithathu ingane izobambisana nabangane bese iqala ukukhuluma yona. Futhi kaningi, ukuxilongwa "kokuthuthukiswa okulibalekile" kufakwa kuphela uma engakaqali ukusebenzisa inkulumo. Kulokhu, izinyathelo zokulungisa zinendlela eyinkimbinkimbi futhi ehlala njalo. Ngakho-ke, ngokushesha abazali bayaqaphela ekukhulumisaneni nomntwana okuthile okungalungile, cishe kuzoba ukulungisa ukugula.
Uma uqiniseka ukuthi ukwehlukana okuvela esimweni esivamile kuqhubeka, kudingeka uthintane nodokotela wezokwelapha nomqondo wezokwelapha ukuqala ukwelashwa kokulibazisa kwenkulumo. Ezinganeni ezingenayo izifo ze-neurological futhi zibe nokuzwa okuvamile, ukulungiswa kuyashesha futhi kungenabuhlungu.
Ngisho noma ungazange uqaphele izinkinga ngokufunda inkulumo yengane yakho, khumbula ukuthi kuphela kuwe kuncike ekuthuthukisweni kwayo. Wena uyisibonelo sokulingisa futhi ukunakekelwa kwakho kuyinhloko ebalulekile yengane, okungeyona nje kuphela eyomsindisa ezinkingeni zohlelo lokuxhumana nokusebenza kwengqondo, kodwa futhi izomnika ikusasa elizolile futhi elijabulisayo.