Lapho ukwelashwa izifo ezihlukahlukene, ama-immunomodulators asetshenziselwa ukulungisa isimo somzimba sokuzivikela emzimbeni, izidakamizwa eziklanyelwe ukucindezela noma ukuthuthukisa ukukhiqizwa kwezixhumanisi zamaseli ezivikelayo. Kuye ngezidingo zomzimba, zingaba ngokuqinile-noma ezenzeni ngobumnene, ezenziwe ngokwezifiso noma zemvelo.
Ama-immunomodulators - uhlu lwezidakamizwa
Uhlobo olucatshangwayo lwemithi luhlukaniswa kanje:
- ukuphelela;
- okungajwayelekile;
- isakhi.
Futhi, ngalinye lamaqembu lihlukaniswe ngama-subtypes. Ama-immunomodulator yemvelo engapheli:
- i-thymic, eyenziwa ngama-peptides we-thymus we-thymus gland yezinkomo (Imunofan, Timogen, Timalin);
- Interleukinovye ngesisekelo se-cytokines (Ronkoleikin, Betaleikin);
- ama-immunoglobulins, asetshenziswe, ngokuvamile ngesimo se-serum, isibonelo, ukulungiswa kwe-immunoglobulin eyinkimbinkimbi (TRC);
- ukulungiselela ama-interferon kanye nama-immunomodulators weqembu le-interferon. Yakhiwe ngesisekelo samaphrotheni amangqamuzana avikela umzimba (Wiferon, Kipferon, Lokferon).
Izidakamizwa ezingavamile ze-antiviral izidakamizwa zingaba yimvelaphi yama-molecular or fungal:
- Bronhomunal;
- Ribomunyl;
- Ukugonywa kwe-BCG;
- I-Pyrogenal;
- umgomo we-IRS.
Ama-synthetic agents azinconywa kakhulu ukwelashwa kwezifo ezibangelwa amagciwane noma ezizimele. Ngoba, ngokungafani nezidakamizwa zokugcina nezidakamizwa, azilungisi umsebenzi wesistimu, kodwa enze imisebenzi yawo. Ukulungiswa kwamakhemikhali odumile kunazo zonke yilapho isizukulwane esisha esibizwa ngokuthi i-immunomodulator Polyoxidonium. Ngaphezu kwesenzo esiyinhloko, umuthi ukhiqiza i-antioxidant and detoxifying effect. Phakathi kwezidakamizwa zokwenziwa, i-neovir, i-Dyuzifon, i-Galavit, i- Amiksin , ne-Levamisol nayo iyaziwa.
Ama-Antineoplastic and immunomodulating agents
Ngesikhathi ukwelashwa kwezidakamizwa ezibuhlungu, i-chemotherapy eyenziwa idabukisa isimiso somzimba sokuzivikela. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukungalingani kwezixhumanisi zamaseli ezivikelayo kuvame ukuholela ekuphazamiseni okuzenzakalelayo kweziguli zomdlavuza, kanye nokutholakala okuqinile ezinhlobonhlobo zezifo.
Esikhathini esiyinkimbinkimbi yokwelashwa, ukutholakala ngezikhathi ezithile kwamagciwane omzimba we-interferon kuyadingeka:
- I-Interferon alfa (2a, 2b, n1);
- I-Interferon beta (1a, 1b);
- I-Interferon gamma;
- I-Peginterferon alfa (2a, 2b).
Futhi, ama-interleukins, afana ne-Aldesleykin, kanye nezici ezishukumisayo ze-colony - uLenograstim, Filgrastim, Pegfilgrastim, kufanele zifakwe ekwelapheni.
Ukwandisa umphumela we-cytostatics, ama-immunosuppressants noma ama-immunosuppressants kunconywa:
- Abatacept;
- I-Infliximab;
- ISirolimus;
- Ustekinumab;
- I-Tacrolimus;
- Mycophenolate mofetil;
- Azathioprin;
- Adalimumab;
- I-acetate ye-Glatiramer;
- I-Cyclosporine.
I-plant immunomodulators - uhlu
Kokubili emidlalweni yomdabu kanye nemithi yendabuko izindlela zemvelo zokugcina umuthi wokuvikela igciwane kungasetshenziswa isikhathi eside. Lokhu kufaka:
- izimpande zelayisensi;
- rhodiola rosea ;
- Eleutherococcus spiny;
- I-Schisandra yesiShayina;
- i-echinacea;
- i-ginseng;
- ukuheha;
- i-aralia phezulu;
- i-dandelion yokwelapha;
- i-plantain;
- I-Baikal skullcap;
- i-mistletoe emhlophe;
- izambatho ezimhlophe ezimhlophe;
- iqanda eliphuzi;
- i-clover meadow;
- ukulandelana;
- i-yarrow;
- sage.