Amabalazwe angokomfanekiso - iseluleko esisha, kodwa sesivele sasiqinisekisiwe ekuziphendukeni kwengqondo, okuhlobene namasu okuhlola. Izazi zengqondo ezisebenzisa amabalazwe ezihambisana nomsebenzi wazo ziqinisekisa ukusebenza kwazo. Ukunye kwalokhu kuwukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi usebenze ngamamephu futhi ngokuzimela ekuthuthukiseni amandla okudala, umcabango .
Iyiphi imephu engokomfanekiso?
Amabalazwe okuhlanganisa ama-metaphorical (MAK) - iqoqo lamamephu noma amakhadikhadi, abonisa imicimbi ehlukahlukene, izibalo, ubuso, imvelo, izinto, izilwane, iziqephu. Kungani sidinga amabalazwe angokomfanekiso ukuthi ngezinye izikhathi abonakala njengezithombe ezilula futhi ezindala? Izazi zengqondo zithi ukuhlonipha okunjalo kuyakhohlisayo, futhi ukusebenza namabalazwe kunamathele amaningi futhi kunikeza ukuphulukiswa okumangalisayo, umphumela wokwelapha ngesikhathi esifushane.
Amabalazwe angokomfanekiso kunokwengqondo
Amabalazwe angokomfanekiso emsebenzini we-psychologist yithuluzi elinamandla futhi eliphumelelayo elikuvumela ukuthi uhlole izinhlangano nezithombe zomuntu ongaqondi kahle. Iqiniso eliyaziwayo ukuthi ingqondo engapheliyo iphikisana nokubonakaliswa, futhi inqubo enjalo yokusebenza njengoMAK kusiza ukudlula lokhu ukumelana nokuthola izimbangela ezizenzekelayo zamaphethini angafaneleki wokuziphatha, impendulo.
Inhloso yokusebenza ngamabalazwe angokomfanekiso
I-Psychosomatics kanye namabalazwe angokomfanekiso njengendlela yokuxilonga sekuyisikhathi eside isetshenziselwa umsebenzi wezazi ze-psychologist ukuthola inkinga eyashukumisela ukuthuthukiswa kwesimo esikhona, lesi sifo. Noma yikuphi indawo yengqondo, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi imindeni, umuntu ngamunye noma iqembu, ingasebenzisa amamephu okusebenzisana njengethuluzi eliwusizo olukhulu. Izinhloso zokusebenza ne-IAC:
- ukuvimbela ukucabanga okunengqondo;
- ukusetshenziselwa inkhulumomphendvulwano "yangaphakathi nangaphandle";
- ukuvuselelwa kwezenzakalo ezedlule, okwaholela ekukhuleni kwe- phobia , neurosis, psychotrauma;
- ukucaciswa kokuhlangenwe nakho kanye nezidingo zangempela;
- ukuqedela "izenzakalo ezingapheli" ezithatha amandla;
- ukulinganisa umzila wesikhathi kusuka esikhathini esidlule kuya esikhathini esizayo.
Amabalazwe amancane - izinhlobo
Amabalazwe anjalo ahlukahlukene - incazelo yedokodo ngayinye incike esihlokweni. Kukhona okugxilwe okuncane kakhulu, kodwa kukhona jikelele. Kodwa bonke bayawusizo kakhulu. Okuthandwa kakhulu phakathi kwengqondo ye-psychology IAC:
- " Persona " - isethi yamakhadi anobuso babantu, abonisa imizwelo ehlukene futhi athi;
- " Tandu / Tandu " - amabalazwe okubambisana ekusebenzeni ubudlelwane ngezibili;
- " Ecco " - ukudalulwa kobuciko;
- " Cope / Cope " - sebenzisa ukuhlukunyezwa kwengqondo;
- " Saga / Saga " -ukuthuthukiswa kwengqondo nokudala;
- " Morena " kusiza ukubona imithombo;
- " Yena " ungumkhumbi wesifazane, osebenza kahle kakhulu;
- "I- Windows neminyango " - sebenzisana nezifunda, funa izinsiza, izixazululo ezintsha;
- " Kusuka esifubeni sesikhathi esedlule " - ukucubungula izinkinga zobuntwana, izinzwa, ukufakwa.
Ungakhetha kanjani imephu ehambisana nomfanekiso?
Amabalazwe angcono kakhulu angokomfanekiso yiwo ahlangabezana nezinhloso, izintandokazi nokuthanda komuntu. Ukuxhumana nedokodo kubumbwe nge-intuitively, kwabanye kubanele ukuphonsa umbukiso owodwa emgodini ukuze uzizwe uxhumano nalezo zithombe ezibhalwe kuso. Uzozethemba imizwa yakhe, ubambe ngezandla zakhe. Esikhathini sehhovisi lezengqondo, isimiso sokukhetha ikhonteli sinjalo ngokufanayo: ukuvumela iso ukuba "hamba" ipaki elizophendula, uma kuneziningana (ngokuvamile zikhona). Amakhodi amaningi e-IAC akhona ahlukahlukene futhi avumela ukutadisha izigaba ezahlukene zokuphila.
Amabalazwe angokomfanekiso - kanjani ukusebenza?
Ukusebenza ngamabalazwe angokomfanekiso uqala ngesicelo esivele siklayenti, ngakho-ke lokho akuza kumthandi wezengqondo. Emsebenzini ozimele, isimiso sokuba nenkinga kanye nombuzo ohlotshaniswa nayo usebenza futhi. Amabalazwe angokomfanekiso wokuzivocavoca kanye nezindlela ezikhungweni zomuntu ngamunye angase ahluke, kodwa ngokujwayelekile, ekusebenzeni ngamamephu e-metaphorical, kukhona amasu amabili:
- Vula . Ngaphambi komuntu, idokodo lihlehlisiwe. Isazi sengqondo sabuza lo mbuzo futhi iklayenti ikhetha amakhadi esimweni sakhe, njengoba ezwa. Le nqubo ibhekwa njengephephile, elawulwa ngokuphelele, ebangela ukuzethemba nokuphumula, ukukhathazeka kuncipha.
- Kuvaliwe , noma ngenye indlela kungabizwa ngokuthi - ukuqagela, lena indlela yokukhetha amakhadi ngokungabucayi, njengokwezindinganiso zendabuko, isibonelo iTarot. Le nqubo yokukhetha amakhadi okungahleliwe iqala umsebenzi ojulile futhi ibonakala intuitively kumuntu njengesigijimi esivela phezulu, "umunwe wekusasa", okwenza le mboni ikhangele, ikhumbule, ingakhuphula ukukhathazeka, ngakho isetshenziswe umuthi ngemuva kokusebenza ngamasu avulekile.
Izindlela ezinamabalazwe angokomfanekiso
Ukuhlelwa kwezinhlanhla emabalazweni angokomfanekiso kungenziwa ngamasu alandelayo:
- Ukushintsha iphuzu lokubona (M. Egetmeyer). Amakhadi amabili athathwa ngokungaziphathi kahle. Omunye ufanekisela inkinga, okwesibili - isisombululo. Lo muntu usho ngokufushane ukuthi uyakubona kanjani - isixazululo sezinkinga ngokusebenzisa izithombe ezivela emephini. Khona-ke amakhadi aqanjwe kabusha: leyo eyayiyinkinga iba ikhambi futhi ngokufanayo. Ukuze uhambe kusuka kwelinye izwe ukuya kolunye, ungadonsela elinye ikhadi kusuka kwelinye ipaki.
- Umfanekiso . Donsela ikhadi ngaphandle kwesitoreji bese uyibeka ephepheni elingenalutho, njengoba lizwa kusukela esimweni. Umsebenti ukudweba isithombe, ukuqhubeka kuso ekhasini. Chaza ukuthi kwenzekani.
- Ukuhlaziywa kobudlelwano obukhona . Ukudweba ngamakhadi ama-5 angaboni kahle, ngayinye lapho kukhona umbuzo, futhi amakhadi azoba yimpendulo yale mibuzo:
- "Yini eyekile ukusebenza kulezi zinsuku?";
- "Ingabe umthwalo wami kulobu buhlobo?";
- "Imfanelo yomlingani?";
- "Yini esebenza ebuhlotsheni?";
- "Kumele kwenzekani ukuze ubuhlobo buzoshintsha?"
Amaphathina Okuhlanganisa Amaphutha - Ukuqeqesha
Amakhadi okuqeqesha amathenda asetshenziswe kangcono ochwepheshe abaqinisekisiwe noma abalobi balabo abathintekayo ongathanda ukuyisebenzisa emsebenzini wakho. Kunezinhlobo eziningi zezifundo emabalazweni asemifanekisweni futhi kungenzeka ukuthi zizitholele kude ku-inthanethi uma kungenakwenzeka ukuba khona kulo mqeqeshi uqobo. Eyaziwayo namuhla, izifundo ezihlukahlukene zokwelashwa kwezobuciko zihlanganisa ingxenye yomsebenzi ne-IAC. Kodwa ukuqeqeshwa okuphumelelayo kakhulu kuwumkhuba, isipiliyoni ekusebenzeni ngamamephu futhi ufunda izincwadi zezobuchwepheshe, ukwabelana nakho emaforamu azinikele ekusebenzeni nama-associative decks.
Amabalazwe amancane - izincwadi
Amabalazwe okuhlanganisa abhekisela kumasu okuhlola okubhekwa njengethuluzi eliphumelelayo kakhulu kwengqondo kwengqondo. Umcwaningi ngamunye unompheme wakhe ozithandayo, akuzona zonke izinzuzo, ngoba amabalazwe okuhlanganisa amathrekhi afana nethuluzi elinembile. Ngokuvamile, kunemithetho ejwayelekile ejwayelekile ekusebenzeni ngamamephu. Amanye amadokodo athandwayo athokoza kakhulu izazi zengqondo, futhi konke okuhlangenwe nakho okuzuzwe kubonakala ezincwadini ezilandelayo:
- " Amabalazwe angokomfanekiso" uG. Katz, E. Mukhamatulina. Ukusetshenziswa kwamamephu e-associative ekululekweni, ibhizinisi lokuqeqesha, umsebenzi ngamunye nabantwana nabantu abadala. Uhlolojikelele lwezinsika ezahlukene.
- " Amabalazwe ahlangene emsebenzini onenkinga enzima " uN. Dmitriev, N. Buravtseva. Leli bhukwana lizoba usizo ekusebenzisaneni nabasakhulayo, ekukhatheni izimo ezibucayi. Le ncwadi inentshisekelo kubafundi kanye nochwepheshe abasebenza kakade.
- " Amabalazwe okuhlanganisa ama-metaphorical ukululekwa komndeni " S. Tolstaya. Leli bhukwana lichaza amasu namasu asebenzayo okusebenza ngama-decks ahlukene, okubonisa izici zokusebenza ezinkambini zomndeni ezilandelayo: umshado, umzali wengane nomntakwethu.
- " Uchwepheshe we-MAC wezinye izikhathi " T. Demeshko. Izinto eziwusizo ezichazwe encwadini zihlola izici zomsebenzi ngempilo, emisebenzini, emkhakheni wezobudlelwane bomndeni, ezezimali.
- " Kusukela ekuphileni komuntu wonke " Amabalazwe angokomfanekiso emsebenzini weqembu. T. Pavlenko. Leli bhukwana ligcwele amasu ahlukahlukene okusebenza ngamadokodo futhi ethinta isihloko sokukhathazeka kokuziphatha kokudla - lokhu kungasebenza kanjani nge-IAC.
Ucwaningo lwesayensi mayelana namabalazwe okuhlanganisa amazwi
Amabalazwe okuhlanganisa ama-metaphorical - ama-dissertations amaningi alotshiwe ngalolu daba, amasu amaningi wokubhala kanye nama-decks asethuthukile. Esikhathini sokucwaninga kwaqinisekiswa ukuthi ingqondo engumuntu engacabangi "icabanga" ngezimpawu nezithombe, ulimi olulula kakhulu lokukhuluma ngaphandle kwalokho okungaqondakali , kodwa umphumela uhlale umangalisa. Okungeke kushiwo futhi kuboniswe ngokuqondile ngesikhathi sokubonisana okuvamile kuyatholakala kalula uma usebenza namabalazwe okuhlanganisa - lokhu kuyindlela enkulu yokwelapha.