Izinhlobonhlobo ze-Rocco amazambane zenziwa eHolland futhi manje zisakazwa kabanzi emazweni amaningi emhlabeni. Lolu hlobo lwamazambane luye lwadumeka kakhulu phakathi kwabalimi bezitshalo nabalimi abavame ukutshala izilimo ezitshalweni endaweni yaseSoviet iminyaka engaphezu kwamashumi amabili.
Incazelo ye-Rocco amazambane ahlukahlukene
Izinhlobonhlobo ze-Rocco zilula ukuhlukanisa nezinye izinhlobo zamazambane ngokubukeka: isihlahla esiqondile sosayizi ophakathi, amaqabunga amancane anezimbali ze-wavy, izimbali ezibomvu (kodwa ngokuvamile azikho izimbali), cishe izilimo eziyizigaxa eziphefumulayo ezihamba kahle nge-pulp epholile, umthunzi obomvu.
Izimpawu zamazambane aseRocco
"I-Rocco" ibhekisela ezinhlobonhlobo ezivuthiwe zamazambane, inkathi ekhulayo, kuye ngezimo zezulu, ihlala cishe izinsuku ezingu-100 - 115. Izinhlobonhlobo ziphikisana kakhulu nesimo sezulu esomile. Ikhwalithi ekhangayo kunazozonke ze-Rocco amazambane ahlukahlukene yilezi zivuno eziphakeme kakhulu, eziphakathi kuka-350 kuya ku-400 phakathi kwehektare ngalinye, kodwa ngezinye izikhathi zifinyelela kuma-600 aphakathi. Kusukela esihlahleni esisodwa kungenzeka ukuqoqa izilimo eziyizigaxa ezingu-12. Njengoba kunikezwe ukuthi isisindo se-tuber eyodwa ngu-125 g, isitshalo esisodwa sinikeza 1.5 kg amazambane.
"I-Rocco" iyinhlobo yetafula, ngoba isiko sinamakhono afanelekayo. Okuqukethwe kwesitashi kungama-16-20%. Uma ukushisa kuphathwa, izilimo eziyizigaxa azishintshi umbala, zihlala ezimhlophe. Izakhiwo eziphawulekayo zamazambane asetshenziswanga kuphela ekhiqizi lasekhaya, lisetshenziselwa ukukhiqizwa kwezimboni kanye namafries aseFrance.
Ukuphikiswa kwezifo kungenye imfanelo ebalulekile yamazambane. Ngakho "i-Rocco" imelana kakhulu namazambane, i-golden potato nematode, i-Y. I-degree ejwayelekile yokuphikiswa ibonakala ekutheni amaqabunga aphihliwe, ama-wrinkled ne-banded mosaic, kanye nokulimala kwezilimo eziyizigaxa. Ngeshwa, lezi zinhlobonhlobo zithinteka ekukhanyeni kweqabunga.
Kuyathakazelisa kakhulu abalimi ukuthi amazambane e-Rocco abe nokubonakala okuhle okudayiswa (95%), ngenkathi ihlala isikhathi eside futhi ihanjiswa kahle emadolobheni amade. Lokhu kwenza ukuthi isiko sifanele ukudayiswa ngokudayisa.
Izici zokunakekela izinhlobo zamazambane "Rocco"
Ukunakekela isiko kuyadingeka, ngakho isivuno esihle samazambane "Rocco" sikwazi ukukhula ngisho nomuntu oqala ukuhamba ngemoto. Inhlabathi evumayo engavamile esakhiweni, ezimpandeni zomhlabathi ezincane zikhula kahle, kanti nezilimo eziyizigaxa zikhula zikhubazekile. Ngaphambi kokutshala izilimo eziyizigaxa, ufafaze i- Bordeaux liquid (ikhambi le-copper sulfate), i-potassium permanganate ne-boric acid. Futhi lapho ukutshala kunconywa emgodini ukuphonsa isikhuni esincane, okwandisa isitatimende sezilimo eziyizigaxa.
Isimo esiyinhloko sokulima ngokuphumelelayo kwezinhlobonhlobo ukuchelela okuhle. Uma kunokwenzeka, faka isitshalo nge-fertilizer eziphilayo kanye ne-nitrate, ngoba izingxenye ze-ammonia ne-phosphorus zifaka isandla ekwenzeni ngcono i-photosynthesis. Ama-fertilizer we-potassium ukwandisa ukumelana kwezilimo eziyizigaxa ukulimala. Umanyolo omuhle kakhulu wamazambane uphambene, i-lupins, isardard, i-clover, njll ingasetshenziswa njengalezi. U-Ogorodniki uqaphele ukuthi izimboni zicebisa inhlabathi, ziyikhulule, futhi zivimbela ukukhula kwezitshalo zokhula. Ngaphansi kwezinsimu kuya kwezinsuku ezingu-65 ngemva kokuduka kungakunyuswa.
Ukuze uthole ulwazi: njengengxenye encane, lwesinaphi sishaya i-wireworm kusuka endaweni yamazambane, futhi enye yezinambuzane ezimbalwa zamazambane, i- Colorado beetle, ayihlali emhlabathini ohlwanyelwe i-lupine.