Lesi sifo sibonakala ukulimala kwamanye amazwe emathangeni amaphaphu kanye ne-alveoli, okulandelwa ukuthuthukiswa kwe-pulmonary fibrosis nokuhluleka kokuphefumula. Sizocacisa kulesi sihloko izimpawu zesifo, izinhlobo zalo kanye nezindlela zokwelapha ezikhona.
Izimbangela ze-fibrosing alveolitis
Kuze kube manje, azikho izimbangela eziqondile zesifo. Phakathi kwezici ezicatshangwayo:
- ukuphazamiseka kwe-autoimmune;
- amagciwane (herpes, adenovirus, i- hepatitis C , i-cytomegalovirus);
- indawo;
- ukufeza;
- izici zobuchwepheshe;
- isithombe semvelo sendawo yokuhlala;
- ukubhema.
Izimpawu ze-fibrosing alveolitis
Lesi sifo siphuthuka kancane kancane, ngakho-ke izibonakaliso zokuqala zivame ukungabonakali isiguli. Ekuqaleni, kukhona i-dyspnea encane, ekhutshwe ngokuzikhandla komzimba. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ukuphefumula okuphefumula kuyaqina futhi kwenzeka kaningi, kukhona ukukhwehlela okungajwayelekile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izimpawu zifana nokulahlekelwa isisindo, ubuhlungu esifubeni nasezinsikeni zamapayipi, ukuphefumula okunzima (ukungakwazi ukuphefumula), ubuhlungu obuhlangene nomsila, ukushisa komzimba okuphakeme kancane. Futhi, ukubonakaliswa kwangaphandle kwe-alveolitis kunokwenzeka, isibonelo, izinguquko esakhiweni nombala wezipikili, nokubonakala kokubamba amapuleti. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ezigabeni zokugcina zalesi sifo kukhona ukuvuvukala, ukuvuvukala kwemithanjeni entanyeni.
Ukuhlukaniswa kwesifo
Kunezinhlobo ezintathu ze-fibrosing alveolitis:
- Idiopathic.
- Okungaqondakali.
- Okuyingozi.
Ake sicabangele ngamunye wabo ngokuningiliziwe.
Idiopathic fibrosing alveolitis
Leli fomu lesi sifo kuhlanganisa ukungena kwe-fibreing alveolitis, okubizwa nangokuthi i-pneumonia yangaphakathi ye-interstitial. Izinqubo zokuvuvukala kule alveoli emaphashini zibangela ukuqina kwezindonga, futhi ngenxa yalokho - ukwehla ekupheleleni kwamathambo okushintshaniswa kwegesi. Ngaphezu kwalokho kukhona ukuvuvukala kwe-alveoli kanye ne-fibrosis yamathishu emaphaphu. Isigaba esibucayi se-idiopathic fibrosing alveolitis sibonakala ngokunqotshwa kwe-epithelium nama-capillari, ukwakheka kwe-membrane eqinile okungeke kuvumele ukuthi izicubu ze-alveolar zande ngokuphefumulelwa.
I-alveolitis exogenous fibreing
Ukuvela kwaleli fomu lesi sifo kubangelwa ukutshala isikhathi eside emathunjini emaphaphu kanye ne-alveoli yezilwane izilonda, imithi noma imvelaphi.
Iziguli zithola izibilini, ikhanda, ukukhwehlela nge-sputum, ubuhlungu besisindo kanye nokuhlanganyelwa, i-vasomotor rhinitis.
I-toxic fibrosing alveolitis
Inqubo ye-pathological kuloluhlobo lwe-alveolitis iqala ngenxa yokungena kwamathambo kusuka kumakhemikhali okwelapha kanye nezindawo zokukhiqiza zibe izicubu zamaphaphu.
Izimpawu zifana nezindlela zangaphambilini zalesi sifo, kuphela inkambo yayo ihamba ngokushesha futhi ikhula ngokushesha.
Ukwelashwa kwe-fibrosing alveolitis
Ukwelashwa kuhlanganisa ukuyeka ukuthuthukiswa kwesifo, ukuyeka ukuvuvukala nokusekela ukwelapha. I-Scheme yokwelashwa:
- amalungiselelo antifibrotic;
- amahomoni e-anti-inflammatory glucocorticosteroid;
- immunosuppressants;
- i-bronchodilators;
- ama-decongestants;
- amalungiselelo we-potassium.
Njengendlela yokwelapha yesondlo, izinqubo ze-oxygen, ukuqeqeshwa ngokomzimba kunqunywe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukugoma kweziguli kuyadingeka ukuvimbela isifo somkhuhlane kanye nokutheleleka kwe-pneumococcal.
Ngenxa yokufa okuphezulu phakathi kweziguli ezitholakala nge-fibrosing alveolitis, ukusizwa kwengqondo ngeziguli kuvame ukudingwa, kanye nokuvakashelwa kwesimiso sezinhlelo ezikhethekile zeqembu le-psychotherapeutic.