Uhlelo lwe-endocrine lomzimba womuntu lunesakhiwo esicacile se-hierarchy, esiholwa yi- pituitary gland . I-gland encane kakhulu etholakala engxenyeni engezansi engaphansi kwengqondo. Ngokukhiqiza okwanele kwamahomoni adingekayo ekusebenzeni kwegciwane le-thyroid kanye nomsebenzi ojwayelekile wendlela yonke yokugcina i-endocrine, i-hypothyroidism ye-gland pituitary ivela. Lesi sifo asivamile kakhulu, kepha sithinta kabi isimo somzimba nokuthuthukiswa kwayo.
Kungani kukhona i-hypofunction ye-lobe yangaphakathi ye-pituitary gland?
Ezokwelapha, ukuphazamiseka okukhulunywa ngakho kubizwa ngokuthi i-hypopituitarism. Izici zayo eziyinhloko yizici ezilandelayo:
- Izicubu. Noma yikuphi ukuphazamiseka okwenziwe kwi-endocrine gland ngokwayo noma eduze kwayo, kunomthelela omubi emzimbeni we-pituitary, okuvimbela ukukhiqizwa kwama-hormone evamile.
- Ukulimala. Ukulimala kwe-craniocerebral evulekile futhi evaliwe yomzimba kubonakala kuyo njengezicubu.
- Izifo ezivuthayo (isifo sofuba, isifo sofuba kanye nabanye). Izifo ezinama-bacterial or viral granulomatous, purulent zobuchopho noma i-cortex yayo ivame ukuholela ekulimaleni okungenakukugwema kumathishu we-pituitary.
- Iziphazamiso ze-Vascular. Ukulimaza ezindaweni ezingobuchopho obuseduze ne-endocrine gland kubhekene nokuphazanyiswa okukhulu kwegazi kanye ne-hypoxia.
- Irradiation yamakhemikhali, imisebenzi yokuhlinzwa. Izinqubo zangaphandle ezithinta indawo yobuchopho eziseduze ne-pituitary gland ziyingozi ekusebenzeni kwayo.
Ngokuvamile kukhona amacala okungahambisani nesimo somzimba we-endocrine gland echazwe.
Ingabe i-hypophyseal hypofysis iholela ekuthuthukiseni isifo?
Umsebenzi okwanele womzimba kanye nokulahleka okuhlala njalo kwamahomoni akhiqizwa yizo zinto ezinzima kakhulu:
- Isifo se-Symmonds noma i-pacheitary cachexia. I-pathology ihambisana nokulahlekelwa okusheshayo kwesisindo somzimba, ukwehla kwesifiso sokudla, ukoma, ukuphulukisa nokuphuza izinwele, ubuthakathaka nokunganaki ngalokho okwenzekayo. Ezimweni ezithuthukile nasezigabeni ezinzima zesifo, izimpawu ziyanda - isikhumba sibe somile futhi siphundukile, sikhathele amanzi, izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo nokuncipha kwengcindezi yegazi, uhlelo lokuzala luyeke ngokuphelele, izitho zobulili ziphelile. Ukungabikho kokwelashwa kwalesi sifo kungabangela ukuwa kwegazi kanye nokufa.
- I-Nanism ye-Pituitary. Lapho i-hypothyroidism ye-pituitary gland iphakama isisu noma isifushane esifushane, ehambisana nokukhiqiza okungenele kwama-endocrine ama-hormone okukhula. I-pathology ine-genetic origin, ngakho-ke itholakale ukuthi ingakabiphi, ukubuyela emuva ekuthuthukisweni komzimba kuyabonakala kakade kusukela eminyakeni engu-2-4. Lesi sifo sihlangene nokuntuleka kwe-hormone ye-luteinizing and follicle-stimulating.
- Isifo sikashukela esingenasifo noma isifo sikashukela insipidus. Lesi sifo kungukuntuleka kwe-vasopressin - into ephuza umthambo womzimba. Eqinisweni, ngokuthuthukiswa kwezifo ezichazwe, amanzi adlula ohlelweni lwe-urinary: umchamo ukhululwa ngendlela efanayo nesiguli esiphuza uketshezi (kuze kube ngu-5-6 amalitha ngosuku).
Abesifazane ngezinye izikhathi bane-Shihan syndrome noma i-postpartum infarction ye-pituitary gland. Kwenzeka ngokumelene nesizinda sokugaya okukhulu ngesikhathi sokukhipha isisu noma ukubeletha. Iqiniso liwukuthi lapho ukhulelwe i-pituitary gland igcwele igazi futhi isanda kakhulu ngobukhulu. Uma ukuphuma kwamanzi kagesi kwenzeka ngokushesha kakhulu, i-endocrine gland iqala ukufa nokubhujiswa kwamangqamuzana, izicubu ze-necrosis.
Ukwelapha izimpawu ze-hypotuction ye-pituitary
Ukwelashwa kwe-pathologies ehlongozwayo kuthuthukiswa yi-endocrinologist ngamunye ngesiguli ngasinye. Ngokuvamile kuhilela ukulungiswa okunamandla kokudla noma ukunamathela ngokuqinile ekutheni ukwelashwa kanye ne-hormone therapy esikhundleni, ngokuvamile kuvame ukuphila.