Ubuchwepheshe be-radionuclide manje basebenzise ngokuqinile emithini yenuzi kanye nezinqubo zanamuhla zokuxilonga. Enye yezindlela ezifundisayo zokucwaninga ngemisebe yi-positron emission tomography. Inzuzo yalokhu kutholakala yiyona ndlela yokwakha imodeli emithathu yenqubo yezinto eziphilayo kanye nezitho zangaphakathi.
Kuyini ukukhipha-positron tomography?
Okuyisisekelo salendlela kubhekene nezakhiwo zama positrons (izinhlayiyana ezinezindleko ezinhle). Banekhono elihlukile lokuxhuma ekuxhumaneni nomswakama ophezulu wamandla.
Ngaphambi kwe-positron emission tomography noma i-PET, i-substanceactive radio injected intravenously, ngokuvamile i-fluorine-18, kodwa ngezinye izikhathi i-carbon-11, i-oxygen-15 ne-nitrogen-13 isetshenziswa. Isikhathi esithile umuntu udinga ukuhlala esimweni sokuphumula, ngakho-ke ama-isotopes e-postitron-eveza emzimbeni. Ngemva kwalokhu, isiguli sifakwe kudivayisi ekhethekile, efana ne-MRI, lapho umzimba wakhe utholakala khona emisebeni engenakulimaza ngokuphelele. Uma kukhona ukuphazanyiswa kwezinqubo zokusebenzisa umzimba noma izifo ezingezansi zangaphandle, izifunda ze-pathological ziqoqa izinto eziningi zokusakaza, okuqoshwe yimishini yekhompyutha. Izinqubo ezibonakalayo zokuvuvukala, kanye nokutheleleka ngegciwane ezivela ezithombeni ezinombala.
Uphi i-positron emission tomography esetshenzisiwe?
Ngokuyinhloko, ubuchwepheshe obuchazwe busetshenziswa ekuxilongweni komdlavuza. I-PET ingathola umdlavuza ekuqaleni noma esigabeni saso, lapho kusengabikho izibonakaliso. Ngokuyinhloko, i-tomography isetshenziselwa ukuthola izicubu:
- umlomo wesibeletho;
- ukukhanya ;
- i-prostate gland;
- isisu.
Le nqubo inikeza ukuqapha kwezingubo zomzimba ezingasayizi kusuka ku-1 mm, kanye nokuxilongwa kwezinqubo ze-metastasis. Kufanele kuqaphele ukuthi i-tomography isisiza ukuthi ubone ukuthi i-chemotherapy ephumelelayo ingakanani. Inqubo eyenziwa emva kokuhamba kwemithi ibonisa ukwehla komsebenzi wamangqamuzana omdlavuza, ukukhula kwabo nokuthuthukiswa kwabo.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-PET isetshenziselwa ukuguqula izifo zenhliziyo, ukuphazamiseka kwe-circulatory, ukunciphisa imithanguzo ye-coronary, imiphumela yokuhlasela kwenhliziyo nokugubha, ukuqina kwe-stenosis. Ubuchwepheshe buhlinzeka ngeso lengqondo le-muscle we-cardiac ngezilinganiso ezintathu ezingxenyeni ezingu-60.
Futhi i-positron emission computer tomography yobuchopho isetshenziswa ngamandla. Ukuxilongwa ngePET kuvumela ukubona:
- i-neoplasms ezigxile;
- umdlavuza;
- i-dementia;
- isithuthwane;
- Isifo se-Alzheimer;
- ukucindezeleka ukucindezeleka;
- izifo ze-vascular;
- imiphumela yokushaywa yisifo , ukuhlaselwa kwesischemic.
Njengoba umuthi wezokwelapha ubonisa, uma wenza i-positron ukuphuma kwe-tomography ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ungahlakulela imithi yokwelashwa efanele futhi efanelekile, ngokuvamile ehluke kakhulu
Okuphawulekayo ikakhulu ukusetshenziswa kwe-PET nge-neurology. Isifo se-Alzheimer esisesimweni sawo sokuqala sinomthelela omuhle ekwelapheni, futhi ukuxilongwa okutholakele kuyosiza kakhulu ekunciphiseni ukusabalala kwe-pathology. Ukwelashwa kokuqala kokuqala kunciphisa izinga lokufa kwezicubu zobuchopho nokuphela kokusebenza kwezinye izindawo zayo.