Emzimbeni womuntu ophilile, izinqubo zokwakheka kwe-thrombi (i-clots yegazi) nokuqedwa kwazo zihlala zikhona. Ukuvela kwamathambo noma ukulimala kwe-epidermal kuholela ekusebenziseni izinqubo eziningi ezihloswe ekuqedeni isici. I-Thrombi yakhiwa kusuka ezintweni zamaselula ezikhishwe ezifweni ezibhubhisayo, naku-noncellular, ezakhiwe esibindi. Ngakho-ke, ngokuvamile i-coagulability embi ikhombisa ukuthi kukhona khona izinkinga zomzimba. Ake sicabangele ezinye izici eziyisisekelo zokuthuthukiswa kwalesi sifo.
Izimbangela ze-pathology
Ukuphungula kwegazi kungenzeki ngenxa yezizathu ezilandelayo:
- i-grabeculation (i-platelet defects);
- isifo sesibindi (ikakhulukazi, i-hepatitis), okuyiyona imbangela yokunciphisa inani lezinto ezihilelekile ekuguleni igazi;
- ukulahlekelwa ngokweqile kwegazi, okuyinto, naphezu kwe-ukumnika, kunciphisa inani lempahla yokuvala;
- ukwehla kwenani lamaplatelets ngenxa ye-thrombocytopenia, ukuntuleka kwezinto X, V, II noVII;
- Uhlobo lwe-capillary-hematoma lwe-hemorrhage lubonakala ku-DIC syndrome, isifo se-Villebrant kanye nokuntuleka kwe-XIII;
- ukutholakala kwe-hypofrinogenemia kuhambisana ne-capillary hemorrhage, lapho i-hematomas ne-rashes zikhona esikhumbeni;
- I-blood coagulability engafanele ivame ukuphumela esibhedlela njenge-DIC syndrome, ebangelwa ukwethuka, ukwehlukana kokuqala kwe-placenta kanye ne-sepsis;
- lapho izindonga zezimpahla zonakaliswa yi- vasculitis ye- immune, ama-intestinal hemorrhages, iziqhumane zesikhumba kanye nephritis zenzeka.
Ukuphendula umbuzo ukuthi kungani kukhona i-coagulability engalungile yegazi, asikwazi ukugwema izifo ezifuywayo (ukungabi nalutho kwe-VII factor kanye ne-hemophilia). Futhi, imbangela yokugaya i-overdose yama-anticoagulants, lapho ukuphuma kwegazi kungena emisipha, emathunjini, ngaphansi kwesikhumba, amalunga agcinwa.
Ukuphungula kwegazi kwegazi - izimpawu
Izimpawu zalesi sifo zizibonakalisa kanje:
- izinsini eziphuza ngokweqile namanxeba;
- iziphuzo ezibukhali ezingahambisana nokuphuma ephuleni noma kwezinye izindawo;
- kunzima ukuzama ukumisa igazi.
Izibonakaliso ze-coagulation ezimbi zegazi kufanele zibhekiswe ekuveleni kwe-hematomas encane. Uma lesi simo sibonakala ebuntwaneni, khona-ke imbangela ingase ibe yisifo se-Villebrand.
Ukwelashwa kwesifo
Ukwandisa inani lezinto zokuqeda kungatholakala ngokusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa ezithile. Inqubo yokwelashwa ngokwayo ide kakhulu. Endabeni yesifo sokubeletha, isiguli kumele sithathe imithi kuyo yonke impilo. Uma ukuwohloka kwe-coagulation kuthuthukisiwe ngenxa ye-pathologies enzima, isiguli sinqunywe indlela yokwelashwa ngokuvuselelwa isikhathi eside.
Kusho ukulwa nokudla okubi kwegazi futhi ukwelashwa kwayo kukhethwe, ngokusekelwe ezimbangela zesifo:
- Uma kuphuma igazi, ama-coagulants atholakala ku-plasma abanikeli asetshenziswa. I-tube ye-hemostatic isetshenziswe ngokuyisisekelo ukuze imise
ukuphuma kwe-sosudikov encane kakhulu. Ukulwa ne-hypofrinogenemia kwenzeka nge-injection emithanjeni ye-fibrinogen. - I-Aminomethylbenzoic ne-aminocaproic acid ne-Contrikal inempahla enhle kakhulu ye-hemostatic. Lezi zidakamizwa ziyakwazi ukuvimbela ukuchithwa kwezindwangu zegazi.
- Ukusetshenziswa kwe-coagulant enjalo, njenge-vitamin K, kusiza ukubuyisela umsebenzi wezinto eziqhakazile ezenzeka esibindi. Leli khambi lisetshenziselwa ukudlula ngokweqile kwama-anticoagulants kanye ne-hypoprothrombinemia.
- Ukunakekelwa kokugwinya kwegazi okubi okubangelwa izifo ze-Villenbrand kanye ne-hemophilia kuhlanganisa umjovo we-cryoprecipitate ne-plasma antihemophilic nge-jet.