Emzimbeni womuntu, akukho nqubo eyodwa ongayenza ngaphandle kokuhlanganyela kwamahomoni. Lezi zinto eziphilayo zikhiqizwa yizici ze-endocrine ezilawula isizinda se-hormonal jikelele. Ukuphulwa kwesilinganiso sakhe kubangela ukunqotshwa kwezitho zangaphakathi. Ukuhlaziya ama-hormone kusiza ekusunguleni ukuhlushwa kwalezi zinto, ukudalula ukwephula.
Yiziphi izivivinyo zama-hormone?
Indima yamahomoni emzimbeni wesifazane ibaluleke kakhulu. Ngaphansi kwethonya lalezi zinhlanganisela zezinto eziphilayo, kunezinguquko ezishintshayo ohlelweni lokuzala, isisombululo. Ama-hormone aqondisa ngokuqondile umsebenzi wezitho zokuzala, enquma ikhono lomzimba wesifazane ukukhulelwa nokuzala ingane. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngokusho kokuhlaziywa kwegazi kuma-hormone, odokotela bangasungula futhi baphambuke ekuthuthukiseni i-intrauterine yengane, uma kuvela kuphela esiswini sikamama.
Ngokusho kokuqukethwe kwalezi zinto ezisegazini, odokotela bangathola iziphetho mayelana nokusebenza kwegciwane le-thyroid, ama-ovari, i-pituitary gland, i-adrenals. Ukuhlaziywa kwamahomoni kunqunywe phambi kweminye imibono, phakathi kwayo:
- ukuphazamiseka kokuthuthukiswa kwezitho zangaphakathi;
- ukuxilongwa kokukhulelwa okungavamile;
- ukungabi namuntu ;
- Ukukhulelwa nosongo lokuphazamiseka;
- izimo ezicindezelayo nokuphazamiseka kwengqondo;
- izinqubo ezinjenge-tumor.
Yiziphi izivivinyo abesifazane abathatha amahomoni?
Ukuhlaziywa kwegazi kuma-hormone kuqokwa ngokusola kokungasebenzi kwalokhu noma leyo nhlangano, ingubo ye-endocrine. Ucwaningo olufanayo luvame ukwenziwa uma abesifazane besinezimpawu ezibonisa ukungasebenzi kwamalungu esitho zangasese. Kulesi simo, ukuhlolwa okuvamile ikakhulukazi kwama-hormone ocansi (i-estrogens) nama-hormone we-pituitary, okulawula ukusebenza komzimba wesifazane. Phakathi kwezifundo ezivamile kubantu besifazane:
- ukuhlaziywa kwamahomoni e-thyroid;
- ukutadisha izinga le- hormone ye- pituitary ;
- ukuzimisela kokuhlushwa kwamahomoni adrenal.
Isivivinyo se-hormone ye-thyroid
Ukuhlola igazi nge-hormone yegciwane yabesifazane ngokuvamile kuvunyelwe. Phakathi kwezimpawu ezibonisa ukungahambisani nezinkambiso ezikhiqizwa yi-compounds hormone yegland, odokotela bayabiza:
- ukucasuka okukhulu;
- shintsha ngesisindo somzimba;
- umfutho wegazi ophezulu;
- ukungabikho.
Ngesikhathi sokuhlaziywa, ukuhlushwa kwe-hormone ye-thyroid elandelayo kusungulwa:
- i-triiodothyronine (T3);
- i-thyroxine (i-T4).
Lezi zinto zidlala indima ebalulekile ezinhlelweni zangaphakathi zomzimba. Ngaphansi kwethonya labo, ukulawulwa kwezinqubo zokusebenzisa umzimba nokusebenza kwengqondo kwenziwa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-hormone shchitovidki ithinta umsebenzi we-system cardiovascular, uhlelo lokugaya, uhlelo lokuzala. Ezifweni zalezi zitho, ukuhlolwa kwe-hormone ye-thyroid kuyisidingo sokuphoqelela.
Hlola ama-hormone wezinhlayiya eziyingozi
Ukuhlaziywa kwegazi kuma-hormone angama-adrenal kukhombisa ukuzimisela kokuhlushwa kwezinto ezintathu ngesikhathi esisodwa:
- I-Cortisol . Ibhekisela ku-glucocorticoids, inesibopho emzimbeni ngokuhlanganiswa kwe-corticoliberin.
- Aldosterone . Ilawula ukulinganisa komzimba we-electrolyte, ukulawula ivolumu yenani lamanzi. Inomthelela oqondile ezindinganisweni zegazi.
- I-Dehydroepiandrosterone . I-Androgenic, i-hormone ye-steroid. Esikhathini salo kungumprohormon (obengaphambili). Ngenxa yokusabela okuphilayo okuyinkimbinkimbi, lokhu kuguqulwa kuba yi-testosterone yesilisa ne-estrogen yesifazane.
Ihlaziya ama-hormone e-pituitary
I-pituitary gland incane ngobukhulu bensimbi, esekelwe engxenyeni yobuchopho, esitokisini saseTurkey. Iqukethe izingxenye ezimbili, ngokuhlushwa okukhulu okwenziwa yi-lobe yangaphakathi. Odokotela, lapho beka ama-hormone ukuhlaziywa kwabesifazane, ngokuvamile bahlola izinto ezilandelayo eziphilayo ezikhiqizwa yi-pituitary:
- somatotropin;
- i-adrenocorticotropic hormone;
- I-luteinizing hormone (LH);
- i-horlicone-stimulating hormone (FSH);
- i-prolactin;
- oxytocin.
Ihlaziya amahomoni for gynecology
Indawo ephakathi kwezifundo ezihlose ukusungula uhlelo lwesimiso sokuzala abesifazane kuhlaziywa ngamahomoni ocansi. Ukugxilwa kwalezi zinto emzimbeni wesifazane kuyithinta ngqo izinqubo zokuxilonga, kanye nezinguquko ezishintshayo. Ngaphansi kwethonya lama-hormone, ukuya esikhathini, ukuvota, kanye nenqubo yokukhulelwa ilawulwa.
Ukuhlaziywa kwamahomoni wesifazane, okunikezwa iziguli zanoma yisiphi ubudala, ngokuvamile kuvunywa umsebenzi noma inqubo yesistimu yokuzala efundiswayo. Ngokuvamile ukusungulwa kwezizathu zokuphazanyiswa komzimba odokotela ukuqoka:
- ukuhlaziywa kwe-horlicone-stimulating hormone (FSH);
- I-luteinizing hormone (LH);
- ukutadisha izinga leprolactin;
- ukuhlaziywa kwe-estradiol;
- ezingeni leprogesterone;
- ukuhlaziywa kwama-hormone TTG, T3, T4.
Kulungile ukunikeza kanjani ukuhlaziya kuma-hormone?
Ukuthola imiphumela yemiphumela yezifundo ezenziwe, kubalulekile ukugcina izimo eziningi. Ngaphambi kokuhlaziya ama-hormone, odokotela baxwayisa iziguli mayelana nendlela yokulungiselela kahle ukuhlaziywa okuhlosiwe. Kuye ngokuthi iyiphi i-hormone esinqunyiwe ngokuqondile, izimo zingahluka. Ngokuvamile, ngaphambi kokuhlolwa kwegazi, udinga:
- Ungadli. Ukwamukelwa kokugcina kufanele kwenzeke kungakapheli amahora angu-8-12.
- Ungafaki ukusetshenziswa kweziphuzo - itiye, ikhofi, utshwala (ungaphuza amanzi alula).
- Ungapheli amahora amathathu ngaphambi kokuhlolwa.
- Ungafaki ukusetshenziswa kwemithi (ngokubonisana nodokotela).
- Ukudlula ukuhlaziywa ngaphambi kokwenziwa kocwaningo, ukucwaninga kwe-hardware (i-roentgen, i-US), i-fizioprotsedur.
Kungcono nini ukuhlola amahomoni kwabesifazane?
Ukuze uthole imiphumela enokwethenjelwa yezifundo, ukukhipha isidingo sokubamba kabusha kwabo, udinga ukwazi ukuthi uzothatha nini ukuhlolwa kwamahomoni. Lapha kuncike ekutheni uhlobo lwe-hormone olufundwayo. Ngakho-ke, ukuhlaziywa kwama-hormone ocansini kwabesifazane kufanele kwenziwe ekuqaleni komjikelezo wokuya esikhathini (ngosuku lwesi-5-7), ngaphandle uma kuboniswe ngenye indlela ngudokotela. Kulesi simo, kubalulekile ukuhambisana nemithetho ejwayelekile mayelana nokunikezwa kwegazi:
- Ekuseni, esikhathini sokuhamba kwamahora angu-8-11.
- Ngokuqinile esiswini esingenalutho - hhayi ngaphansi kwezingu-8, kodwa angabi ngaphezu kwamahora angu-14 alamba.
- Ungadli okuningi ngaphambi kokuhlaziywa.
- Ukuqeda umsebenzi omningi ngosuku olwedlule, ukuqeqeshwa kwezemidlalo.
Ukuhlaziywa kwamahomoni - ukulungiselela
Ngaphambi kokuhlolwa kwamahomoni, isiguli kumele silungiselele ngokucophelela. Uma imithi ithathwa, kufanele imisiwe okwesikhathi sokulungiselela. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ekuhloleni kwe-hormone ukuhlolwa akuvunyelwe ukuphuza utshwala, ukubhema - lokhu kungaphambukisa imiphumela. Phakathi kwezinye izimo okumelwe zigcinwe:
- ukungabi nokucindezeleka ngokomzwelo, ukucindezeleka, okuhlangenwe nakho emini;
- Ukuyeka ukudla kudla amahora angu-8-12.
Ihlaziya ama-hormone - evamile
Ukuchazwa kwemiphumela, ukuqhathaniswa kwamanani atholakalayo kumigomo ekhona kufanele kwenziwe kuphela udokotela. Ochwepheshe kuphela abangakwazi ukuhlola ngeso lengqondo isimo somzimba, uyazi mayelana nezifo ezikhona kanye nokukhathazeka esigulini. Lapho uhlola imiphumela, odokotela bathembela kulezi zimiso ezilandelayo:
- Amahomoni e-thyroid:
- T3 inani - 1,1-3,15 pmol / l, mahhala - 2,6-5,7 pmol / l;
- I-T4 inani - 60-140 nmol / l, mahhala - 100-120 nmol / l;
- I-TTG - 0,2-4,2 mIU / l.
- Amakhomitha ama-glands adrenal:
- I-Dehydroepiandrosterone - 810-8991 i-nmol / l;
- i-cortisol - kuze kube yiminyaka engu-16 - 83-580 nmol / l, eminyakeni engaphezu kwengu-16 - 138-635 nmol / l;
- i-aldosterone - 35-350 pg / ml.
Amahomori we-pituitary:
- somatotropin - 0-10 ng / ml;
- i-horrenone ye-adrenocorticotropic - 0-50 pg / ml;
- i-thyreopropin - 0.60-3.80 μ IU / ml;
Okubaluleke kakhulu empilweni yabesifazane yizinto ezitholakala emzimbeni wamahomoni ocansi. Ithebula lomkhuba wamahomoni kwabesifazane linikezwe ngezansi. Kumele uqaphele ukuthi ukuhlushwa kwabo emzimbeni kuyashintsha futhi kubangelwa yi:
- iminyaka yowesifazane;
- isigaba sokujikeleza kokuya esikhathini.