Okufanele ukwenze ngamagilebhisi ekwindla - lowo ngumbuzo, okuthakazelisayo, ngokungangabazeki, wonke ama-vintner we-novice. Ukuqonda indlela yokunakekela ukuwa kwamagilebhisi, iseluleko sethu sizosiza.
Amagilebhisi ukunakekelwa ekwindla
- Ngo-Septhemba, ukuchelela kufanele kumiswe. Lokhu kuzovumela umvini ukuba uvuthwe ngokushesha futhi ukwandise ikhwalithi yezinhlamvu. Izinsuku ezingu-10-14 ngaphambi kokuvuthwa kwesivuno, kubalulekile ukususa lawo maqabunga avimbela ama-bunches emisebeni yelanga. Kodwa ukuze ungaphazamisi inqubo yokudla, amaqabunga angaphezu kwama-5 awakwazi ukususwa kuqembu ngalinye.
- Uma kwenzeka isivuno singakavuthi, kanti isimo sesimo sezulu sesiye sawohloka kakhulu futhi kukhona ingozi yokuthi wonke amagilebhisi ngeke avuthwe, amanye amabhande kufanele asuswe. Lokhu kuzothola okungenani ingxenye yesitshalo.
- Ukudubula amagilebhisi ekwindla kungenye yezinto eziyinhloko ezihilelekile ekunakekeleni lesi sitshalo. Ziyakunconywa ekupheleni kuka-Okthoba nasekuqaleni kukaNovemba futhi zivame ukuhlanganiswa nesiphephelo sebusika. Ukuvuna amagilebhisi kulandela imigomo eminingana: okokuqala, ukukhula komvini kanye nekhwalithi yesitshalo kulawulwa; okwesibili, amagilebhisi aqoshiwe kulula ukumboza ebusika. Umlimi wase-Gardener, owenza izinyathelo zokuqala ezitholakala ku-viticulture, kungcono ukwandisa amagilebhisi ngokwendlela ye-Guyot. Kuphela emva kokuqonda ngokugcwele zonke izici zalesi simiso sokwakheka komunye umuntu angakwazi ukuya kwezinye, eziyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu.
- Ukuhlwanyela amagilebhisi, uqhubekele endaweni yakhe yokukhosela ebusika . Indlela elula kunazo zonke yasendulo yokugcina umvini kusuka ekuqandeni ukuwugcwalisa ngomhlaba. Indlela enokwethenjelwa kakhulu yokusinda yizivini, zivikelekile ebusika ngosizo lomoya "wokugubha umoya", lapho isitshalo esitshalwe phansi sivikelekile ngokweqile esimweni sezulu esivunywe ngamapulangwe, utshani lokutshala kanye nenhlabathi. Amagilebhisi anqunyiwe ahlanganiswe emithandeni futhi ahlelwe eceleni kwezintambo ze-trellises. Inhlabathi ngaphansi kwamagilebhisi ihlanganiswe ngendwangu ebanzi (10-15 cm) yamacembe noma ama-humus.
- Ekwindla, umlimi wamagilebhisi unomunye umsebenzi obalulekile - ukuguqulwa kwamagilebhisi ezifweni nezilokazane. Ukuhlehliswa kokusebenza kwesivini kuze kufike entwasahlobo, umlimi wensimu uyingozi ukukhokhela ubuvila bakhe ngokuvunwa, ngoba izifo zizoqhwaba ngokuphumelelayo kanye namagilebhisi aphephile, kanti entwasahlobo zizoqhubeka zihlaselayo. Amagilebhisi angathinteka yizifo ezihlukahlukene zegciwane, amagciwane nezifo, kodwa kanengi kunesikhumba, i-gray and white rot, i-oidium. Gwema kuzosiza ukusifaza amagilebhisi ekwindla nge-fungicides noma isisombululo sulfal sulfate. Ngaphambi kokupuniza, susa amaqabunga awonakele kanye nezingxenye zomvini, okumele zishiswe.
- Ukubeka isisekelo sokuvuna okuhle kwamagilebhisi ngonyaka ozayo kungenziwa ngosizo lokudla okulungile. Yini ongayidla ngayo amagilebhisi ekuwa? Ezinsukwini zokuqala zikaSeptemba, kubalulekile ukukhiqiza izithelo zomvini ze-foliar phezulu. Ekhwaleni layo kuqaliswa ukukhishwa kwamanzi kwe- superphosphate nosawoti we-potassium ngesilinganiso esingu-20 no-10 g / m². Kule ngxube, ungakwazi ukwengeza enye yale micele: i-boron
i-asidi (2.5 amagremu), ama-manganese sulfate (2.5 amagremu), i-zinc sulphate (ama-gramu angu-2), i-ammonium molybdate (amagremu ama-5). Ungenza ukufaka umanyolo kokubili esimweni esomile nasemanzini (ama-40 amalitha amanzi ngalunye 1 m2 isivini). Ngesikhathi sokugaya ekwindla kwenhlabathi esivini ungenza umquba ophilayo (izinyoni zezinyoni, umquba, umquba). Yenza lokhu okungaphezu kwesisodwa njalo eminyakeni emithathu kuya kwine. Njengoba i-periodicity efanayo ekwindla sekwephuzile, ngaphambi kokuba indawo yokukhosela ebusika, amagilebhisi anikezwa nge-potash ne-phosphorus umquba (ama-gramu angu-25 we-potassium sulfate kanye ne-superphosphate ngayinye i-1 m² yevini). Ukondla ngokufanele amagilebhisi anjengalokhu: kude no-50-80 cm ukusuka ehlathini ugobe umgodi noma umsele 50 cm ejulile, wenze umquba bese ugoba kuwo.
