Naphezu kokuthi izindlela zokuthuthukiswa nokusabalala kwesifo sofuba zisetshenziswa ngokucophelela, futhi amalungiselelo wezokwelapha zokwelashwa kwakhe aqhubeka ethuthukiswa, akuzange kwenzeke ukunqoba lesi sifo kuze kube manje. Ngaphezu kwalokho, maduze inani leziguli landa.
Enye yezinyathelo zokuvimbela le-pathology ukuqwashisa kwabantu hhayi kuphela izimpawu zokuqala zesifo, kodwa nokuthi nokuthi i-TB idluliselwa kanjani. Ulwazi olunjalo luvame ukugwema ukutheleleka noma ukukhomba lesi sifo ekuqaleni.
Ingabe i-TB idluliselwa ngamaconsi amanzi?
Ngokuvamile, isifo esicatshangelwayo sidlula emoyeni ohamba phambili. Ethethwe yi-bacterium yesifo sofuba, umuntu okhwehlela uveza izinhlayiya ezinhle ze-sputum ezinamapulangwe angama-3,000, anesisindo se-1.5m.
Ngabe enye ingabe isifo sofuba sesifo sofuba sidluliselwa?
I-pathology ehlongozwayo icasulwa yizinhlobo ezingu-74 ze-Mycobacterium isifo sofuba. Zonke ziphikisana kakhulu nezimo ezihlukahlukene zemvelo. Ngakho-ke, i-bacillus ye-tubercle ihlala isebenza ngaphandle komzimba, ikakhulukazi ekushiseni okufanelekile.
Emagqeni nasemigwaqweni, amabhaktheriya akhona izinsuku ezingaba ngu-10, phakathi kwamakhasi ezincwadi ahlala esebenzayo kuze kube yizinsuku ezingu-90, nasemanzini izinyanga ezingaphezu kwezinhlanu. Emile ezindaweni ezimnandi, izinti (ekushiseni kwama-degrees angu-29 kuya ku-42) ziyakwazi ngisho nangemva kweminyaka engu-1.5, futhi uma ziqhwa, amabhaktheriya akhona iminyaka engama-30.
Njengoba kunikezwe amaqiniso angenhla, akumangalisi ukuthi kunezinye izindlela lapho isifo sofuba sisakazwa khona:
- I-vertically (intrauterine indlela). Izinhlobo ezingapheli zalesi sifo kanye nezilonda ezinzulu ze-mycobacterium, kanye nokuzivikela okunciphisa umama ozayo, kwandisa ingozi yokutheleleka komntwana. Kubalulekile ukuhlinzeka ngokuxilongwa ngesikhathi esifanele - ukuhlola i-placenta (lesi samuva) ngokushesha ngemva kokuzalwa kwengane.
- Ukudla neziphuzo. Imikhiqizo yobisi kanye nenyama yezilwane, inhlanzi ephethwe yisifo sofuba, kubangele ukungena kwamathangi angama-pathogenic emzimbeni womuntu. Le nkinga ibaluleke ngokukhethekile lapho uthenga imikhiqizo "kusukela ekuqaleni" emakethe okuzenzekelayo noma kumaphuzu angagunyaziwe okudayiswa.
- Ukuxhumana okuqondile. Ungagula ngokusebenzisa imisindo, ngokusebenzisa izitsha ezivamile, ithawula, amathoyizi, i-linen bed, noma yiziphi izinto zasendlini ngisho nezincwadi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isifo sofuba sidluliselwa kusuka ezifuyweni ezigulayo - amakati, izingulube zezinyane, izinja, ama-hamsters, izinja kanye nezinyoni. Izinambuzane (izimpukane, izinja) nazo zizenza njengabadayisi.
- Iziqu eziphilayo. I-Mycobacteria ikhona ekusithekeni kwezitho zobulili kanye negazi lomuntu onegciwane, ngakho-ke ukutheleleka kuvame ukuvela emva kocansi olungalondekile, ukumpontshelwa igazi , ukuhlinzwa okuhlinzekwa noma ukuxhumana ngengozi ngamanxeba avulekile, ama-abrasions.
Kumele uqaphele ukuthi kunezinhlobo ezimbili zesifo sofuba, lapho kungenzeka khona ukutheleleka ngenduku.
Indlela evulekile yesifo sofuba ihanjiswa kanjani?
Into eyingozi kunazo zonke uhlobo oluvulekile lwe-pathology. Ngalolu hlobo lwesifo sofuba, ukutheleleka kusakazwa yizo zonke izindlela ezingenhla, njengoba i-mycobacteria ye-pathogenic isebenza kulokhu, ihlala isebenza ngisho nangaphandle komzimba wesithwala.
Isifo sofuba sefomu sivaliwe kanjani?
Isifo sofuba asivaliwe, izintambo azivezi emvelweni, ziphindaphinda emaphashini omuntu ogulayo. Kodwa-ke, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, leli fomu lesi sifo lingathuthuka, okwenza ukuthi ukukhubazeka kusebenze (kuvulwe).