Isihlahla sekhofi - kanjani ukunakekela isitshalo esingavamile?

Umuthi wekhofi ohlobisa ungahlonywa ngempumelelo ezimweni zendawo, ngokunakekelwa kahle okuvela ehlathini ngisho nokuvunwa okuncane kwezinhlamvu eziwusizo nezomnandi. Into eyinhloko ukufunda ukuthi ungayinakekela kanjani isitshalo esitshalo esitshalo esiphezulu ukuze udale imvelo eyamukelekayo yendawo yokuhlala.

Indlela yokutshala umuthi wekhofi ekhaya?

Izwe lakubo lomkhiqizo wekhofi yi- Ethiopia , emva kokuphuza okomnandi, lesi sitshalo esivela emndenini wamaMarenovs sanda kancane kancane emhlabeni wonke kuzo zonke izifunda ezinesimo sezulu esishisayo. Ukukhula okujwayelekile kwalesi siko, ukushisa okulinganiselwe okuphakathi kuka-18 ° C-22 ° C kuyadingeka. Ukukhula kwezihlahla zekhofi ekhaya kuyinto yangempela. Efulethini likhula ngamamitha angu-2, ngakho-ke kunenzuzo kakhulu ukutshala izinhlobo ezincane kuze kufike emitha-mitha, isibonelo, uNana.

Indlela yokutshala umuthi wekhofi ekhaya?

Ikhofi ekamelweni ebhodweni ingatshalwa kusuka kumbewu noma ekuhlungeni. Esikhathini sesibili, lesi sitshalo siqala kangcono, kepha akusi njalo njalo ukuba umlimi ojwayele ukuthola izitshalo zokutshala izimfanelo. Ngezimbewu kukhona ubunzima, badinga ukulungiselela okukhethekile ngaphambi kokutshala futhi ngokushesha balahlekelwa ukuhluma. Ukugcina izinto ngemuva kokugcina isikhathi eside akuvumi ukukhula.

Ukutshala imbewu ikhofi:

1. Imiphumela emihle etholakala ngokusebenzisa imbewu ethathwe ngqo esihlahleni.
2. Kubalulekile ngosizo lwe-notch noma i-nag ukubhubhisa igobolondo eliqinile ngaphambi kokufika. Abanye balimi bathambisa isikhumba esinzima ngokufaka amanzi e-hydrochloric acid.
3. Ngaphezu kwalokho, imbewu ihlanganiswe nesishukumisi ("Epin").
4. Ikhofi lesitshalo ebhodweni endaweni egcwele ilanga, ukuphoqa okusanhlamvu emhlabathini ohlangothini oluphansi ngaphandle kokuya ku-1 cm.
5. Ukushisa okuhluma kungama-20 ° C.

I-cuttings ye-cuttings ye-drawdown:

1. Kubalulekile ukuthatha amagatsha ase-apical anezinhlamvu ezimbili zamapheshana.
2. Ukusuka ngezansi, senza ukusika nge-angle engama-2 cm ngaphansi kwezinso.
3. Sifaka umgogodla ku-substrate kuya kwezinso zokuqala.
4. Yakha indlu encane ebamba ukushisa, efaka imbiza ngejubane lokutshala.
5. Sigcina inhlabathi enomanzi.
6. I-callus ekhuni ivela ngemva kwenyanga nesigamu.

Ground for tree ikhofi

Kuphawula ukuthi umuthi wekhofi ukhula kahle kwi-substrate nge-reaction weakly acid. Uma ungeke ukwazi ukulungisa umhlabathi, ungawulungisa ngokwakho. Ngaphansi kwebhodlela sibeka imithombo yamanzi, siwufafaze phezulu nge-sphagnum moss. Ingxenye yokugcina ijwayele ukusetshenziselwa ukuhluma izimbali, iyasiza esiqukweni ukugcina nokulawula izinga lokuswakama, isusa amaminerali amaningi.

Umhlabathi womuthi wekhofi:

1. Umhlaba we-sod ufika ku-40%.
2. Isampula sekhwalithi ephakeme kakhulu - 30%.
3. I-Lowland peat - cishe ngo-10%.
4. Umfula uhlanza isihlabathi - kufika ku-20%.

Ungayiphuzisa kanjani umuthi wekhofi?

Embuzweni wokuthi ungayinisela kangakanani umuthi wekhofi, uhambelane nemithetho evumayo evamile. Kuvinjelwe ukusebenzisa uketshezi ngokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-lime, ngakho njalo kuhlungiwe futhi kuvikelwe. Inketho enkulu yekhofi yiyona imvula ehlanzwe, futhi ebusika, amanzi ancibilikisiwe, cishe athisa kancane ngaphezu kokushisa kwekamelo (kufika ku-30 ​​° C -35 ° C). Ehlobo, ukuchelela kuqhutshwa kaningi, ebusika - kanye ngesonto, kungavumeli ukomisa kwenhlabathi kunzulu kune-1 cm.

Ukwengezwa komuthi wekhofi ekhaya

Ama-nutrients afakwa ebhodweni ngokujwayelekile kwezinsuku ezingu-15, ukuze umhlaba ungabi ncipha. Abaningi bathola umanyolo obunzima womuthi wekhofi ngendlela yokulungiselela izimbali nezimbali ze-citrus. Ukuhlunga okufanelekayo, kuhlanjululwa ku-1:15. Kuyinto efiselekayo ukupaka ingxube ye-urea ne-manganese, okwenza isixazululo ku-1 g / 1 l amanzi. Ebusika, izakhi ezengeziwe zancishiswa zibe yincane.

Isihlahla sekhofi, kanjani ukutshala?

Kunezindlela eziningana zokwenza isihlahla esihlobisa ukunikeza umqhele ohlaza okwenziwe yizinhlobo ezidingekayo. Isibonelo, ekutshaleni, ungacindezela iphuzu lokukhula ekuphakameni kwama-20 cm, emva kwezinsuku ezingu-20-25, ukuqubuka kokulala kuzovusa futhi kusheshe kukhule. Ngokusho komthetho ohlukile, umuthi wekhofi otholwa ku-cuttings ulungiswa. Izitembu ezitshalweni ezinjalo ziphansi, kanti umqhele ungobuhle. Kunconywa ukuthi ukudubula okujikelezayo kufakwe ukusekelwa kuze kube yilapho iqina futhi ifinyelele ukuphakama kwesigamu semitha. Hlaziya izihlahla ezineminyaka engu-8 nangaphezulu.

Ukuvuselela izihlahla zekhofi izihlahla:

1. Umqhele unqunywe, ushiye isitshalo ngeziqu eziningana zokulala.
2. Isilonda somuthi wekhofi sigcwele ukulima kwensimu.
3. Kunconywa ukufakelwa isitshalo emva kokuvuselela ukufaka isikhala esisha.
4. Ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingu-10, kungenzeka ukugcina ukubukeka kwemifino ehlaselwayo efihlekile yokulala.
5. Ngamahlumela aphakanyisiwe, shiya okungaphezu kuka-5-7, nokusika okusele.

Izihlahla zekhofi ezivundile ekhaya

Izitshalo ezincane ngokuvamile aziqhakaza ngaphambi kweminyaka engama-4. Ngokuvamile, i-buds yokuqala iyakhiwa entwasahlobo, lapho izimbali ezimhlophe zeqhwa ezimhlophe zinephunga elimnandi elivela e-leaf axils. Kunezizathu eziningana ezivame ukuthi kungani umuthi wekhofi ungaqhakazi:

1. I-nitrogen engaphezu kokugqoka okuphezulu.
2. Ukungabi ne-potassium emhlabathini.
3. Ibhodlela ifakwe endaweni engafanelekile.
4. Lesi sitshalo sigcwele njalo amabhethri aseduzane futhi sisesimweni esomile.

Kunendlela yokugqugquzela ukuvuthwa komuthi wekhofi ngokuguqula isihlahla isikhashana indawo yokuhlala. Kwaphela inyanga nengxenye, imbali idluliselwa endaweni enezinga elihlukile lokukhanyisa nomswakama, ukunciphisa ngamabomu umthamo wokufaka umquba. Ngezikhathi ezithile ukusika izikhwebu, ukuhlela isimo esibucayi sokucindezeleka. Ngemuva kwezinyanga ezingu-2-3, ikhofi ikamelo libuyiselwa esimweni esivamile futhi iveza ukugqoka okuphezulu kwe-phosphoric-potassium.

Ungayifaka kanjani umuthi wekhofi ekhaya?

Kuze kube neminyaka engu-3 ubudala, ukutshala ikhofi ekhaya kuyenziwa minyaka yonke, ezikhungweni ezidala - ezinezinyanga ezimbili. I-pot kufanele ithengwe phezulu, inhlabathi isetshenziselwa ukusabela okubuthakathaka kwe-asidi ngokusekelwe ku-peat ephansi, isihlabathi kanye ne-humus. Phakathi nalokhu kusebenza, izimpande zihlanjululwa kahle ngomhlaba omdala. Phakathi komhlabathi kanye namanzi kuyisifiso sokuhlela umculi we-sphagnum moss. Ekupheleni kokufakelwa, faka isitsha nomuthi endaweni evulekile bese usiphambanisa njalo.

Isihlahla sekhofi - ukunakekelwa ekhaya, izifo

Efulethini, izitshalo zasekhaya zivame ukubhekana nezifo ezehlukene noma ngenxa yokuphulwa kwemithetho yokulima. Uma ubona ukuqala kwesifo somuthi wekhofi ngesikhathi, isimo singalungiswa. Ngokuvamile, ukondla okwesikhashana okuhambisanayo nezici ezilandelwayo zokulandelela, ukufakelwa kabusha, isisombululo senkinga ngokukhanyisa nomswakama. Ngokuvamile amaqabunga ekhofi ayingqayizivele aphethwe yizifo ezilandelayo:

1. Ukuwa amahlamvu - kungenzeka uma uvula umqhele nxazonke ze-axis noma uguqule indawo yokukhanya.
2. Ukutheleleka kwefungal - ukulimala ngukugqwala nokutholakala kwezinambuzane, kusiza ukwelapha ukwelashwa nge-fungicides.
3. Ukuwa amaqabunga ngenxa yokulimala kwamagciwane uma kwenzeka umonakalo ku-trunk. Kubalulekile ukuhlanza isilonda bese usebenzisa isisombululo sulfate sulfate.
4. I-root rot - senza ushintsho lomhlabathi.
5. Izinambuzane ezinobungozi - ezivela ku-scabbard ne-spider mite, zithinta ukucubungula umqhele ngesisombululo sesasiphelo noma ukusebenzisa imikhiqizo yezinto eziphilayo ezinobuthi (Aktofit, Fitoverm).
6. Indlala ye-nitrogen - idinga ukwethulwa komquba omuncu noma i-slurry ehlanjululwe.
7. Amaqabunga okuhlunga - ukuzila ukudla kwe-phosphoric, ngoba ukwelashwa kwesihlahla sekhofi kusetshenziswa isisombululo se-superphosphate (7 g / 1 l amanzi).
8. Amahlamvu aluhlaza kanye nokuwa kwefihlekile - le nkinga iholela ekulameni kwe-potassium, besebenzisa i-top-dressing ekhishwa ngamapulangwe.